Author: HE Qingmei (Associate Professor, School of Economics and Management, Hubei University of Technology, Researcher, Hubei Rural Social Management Innovation Research Center).
**The general secretary pointed out that the countryside should not only be shaped, but also cast the soul. The building of spiritual civilization in rural areas is a work that nourishes the people's hearts, moralizes the people's hearts, and unites the people's hearts. Since socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era, the importance of strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas has become increasingly prominent, and its role in implementing the rural revitalization strategy and building a modern socialist country has been continuously demonstrated. On the one hand, the construction of rural spiritual civilization is a basic project to build a civilized rural style and stimulate the endogenous motivation of hundreds of millions of farmers, and it is the spiritual guarantee and driving force for the smooth implementation of the rural revitalization strategy. Cultural revitalization is the value guidance and spiritual power source of rural revitalization, and strengthening the construction of rural spiritual civilization is of great significance for the prosperity of rural culture, the cultivation of rural civilization, and the promotion of cultural revitalization. On the other hand, the comprehensive victory in poverty alleviation has significantly improved rural life, and the peasants' demand for spiritual and cultural life has been significantly increased. Continuously strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas and promoting the construction of various public facilities and cultural exchange platforms not only effectively respond to the peasants' demand for spiritual and cultural life, but also lay the foundation for solving the main contradictions in China's society at the present stage.
Promote the innovative development of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
Our party has always attached great importance to the construction of rural spiritual civilization, especially after the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the strategy of rural revitalization, and gradually formed a new policy context for the construction of rural spiritual civilization. From the perspective of policy documents, the No. 1 document from 2018 to 2022 has made special arrangements and decision-making arrangements for the construction of rural spiritual civilization. In July 2018, the third meeting of the Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform deliberated and adopted the "Guiding Opinions on the Pilot Work of Building a Civilization Practice Center in the New Era", which provides an important carrier for promoting the rural revitalization strategy and strengthening the construction of rural spiritual civilization. In addition, the Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Rural Work issued in 2019 and the Rural Revitalization Promotion Law of the People's Republic of China issued in 2021 put forward clear requirements for strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
Judging from the content of the policy, we should pay attention to the following points in strengthening the building of spiritual civilization in the rural areas, including taking the promotion and practice of the core socialist values as the main line and building the party's ideological position in the rural areas in a way that the peasant masses like to seeExpand the construction of civilization practice centers in the new era, deepen mass spiritual civilization creation activities, and build and strengthen county-level financial centersSupport the construction of cultural activity space, in-depth excavation and inheritance of excellent traditional local culture;We will continue to promote the change of customs in rural areas, and promote the formation of civilized rural customs, good family customs, and simple folk customs. Judging from the latest policy changes, the policy context of strengthening the construction of rural spiritual civilization has gradually changed from focusing on the rural ideological position to exploring specific ways to promote the integration and development of urban and rural spiritual civilization, and at the same time has made innovations in creating an effective platform carrier for the construction of rural spiritual civilization, such as civilization practice centers, county-level financial centers, cultural activities to benefit the people, and the point system.
Conspicuous problems facing the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
In the context of comprehensively promoting rural revitalization, the construction of rural spiritual civilization is oriented to meet the needs of farmers for a better spiritual life, and a series of relevant policies and measures have been adopted, and substantial results have been achieved. However, China is in a period of social transition and a period of conspicuous contradictions, the rural way of life, the pattern of interests, and the social structure are changing, and the construction of spiritual civilization in the rural areas is still facing many outstanding problems.
First, the dilemma of the carrier of the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas. Entering a new era and a new journey, rural society has presented a different scene than traditional rural areas, which is manifested in the disconnection of the inheritors of traditional rural culture and traditional skillsThe commercialization and loss of some architectural carriers such as stages and pavilions that carry the traditional culture of the Chinese nation;Problems such as the increasing formalization of modern public cultural spaces such as rural bookstores, cultural squares, and activity rooms have led to the lack of emotional communication carriers for farmers who are influenced by traditional culture. All these are not conducive to the continuous promotion of the construction of civilized rural customs.
The second is the main dilemma of the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas. On the one hand, in specific practice, in dealing with the relationship between rural economic development and the construction of spiritual civilization, the construction of rural spiritual civilization is biased towards the construction of rural spiritual civilization as a "soft task", so there is a problem of lack of capital investment and public facilities for the construction of rural spiritual civilization. On the other hand, the mobility of rural society leads to the lack of the main body of spiritual civilization construction, and the left-behind groups, as the main body of rural spiritual civilization construction, have the dilemma of lack of enthusiasm for participation of left-behind women and the elderly, and lack of awareness of left-behind children.
The third is the dilemma of homogenization in the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas. With the vigorous promotion of national policies, various localities have carried out activities to strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas, but in the process of specific implementation, there are characteristics that ignore the regional and diverse characteristics of rural society and culture, and adopt uniform policy measures and practical forms. As a result, the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas is prone to fall into the predicament of homogeneity, unable to attract the active participation of the peasant masses, and lacking in the actual role and effect of cultivating rural customs and civilization and promoting cultural revitalization.
The basic path for strengthening the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas.
First, it is necessary to strengthen the party's leading role in the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas. Rural work is the focus of the CPC's work, and to promote the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas, it is necessary to uphold and strengthen the party's overall leadership. On the one hand, with the cultivation and practice of the core socialist values as the main line, carry out education on ideology, morality, democracy and the rule of law, establish rural party member halls of fame, excellent traditional culture corridors and other carriers, and promote the spiritual qualities of truth, goodness and beauty. On the other hand, it is necessary to incorporate the strengthening of the building of spiritual civilization in the rural areas into the overall economic and social planning at the grassroots level, and to regard the effectiveness of strengthening the building of spiritual civilization in the rural areas as an important part of the evaluation of leading cadres, and to highlight its importance in the social governance of the grassroots level.
Second, it is necessary to pay attention to the cultivation of talents and the power of role models for the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas. In view of the dilemma of the main body in strengthening the building of spiritual civilization in rural areas, we should uphold the central position of the peasant masses and give play to the initiative of the peasant masses. Specifically, it includes cultivating cultural and technical inheritors, folk artists, women cadres and other talents, and stimulating the endogenous power of local farmers to participate in the construction of spiritual civilizationCultivate and send a group of talents to the grassroots to participate in the construction of rural civilization;Take the construction of family style as the micro carrier, and play an exemplary role.
Third, it is necessary to expand the carrier role of the center of civilization practice in the new era. Strengthening the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas requires abundant carriers of activities, and the innovative practice of the New Era Civilization Practice Center plays an important role in enriching the form of rural spiritual civilization construction and avoiding the dilemma of homogeneity. It is necessary to make full use of digital carriers such as animation, games, digital art, and financial media to promote the digital construction of excellent rural cultureThrough the construction of cultural activity centers, rural bookstores and libraries and other platforms, the spiritual and cultural life of the peasant masses is enriched, such as the "Fangsuo Rural Culture, Da Nanpo" space in Da Nanpo Village, Xiuwu County, Henan Province, which integrates functions such as bookstores, cafes and exhibitions, and injects cultural power into the local rural society. In addition, it is possible to carry out theoretical propaganda activities on a regular basis by using the New Era Civilization Practice Center as a carrier, so that the party's new ideas can take root and sprout in the countryside and achieve results. For example, Jiangsu Province has deepened and expanded the construction of a civilization practice center in the new era, organically integrated theoretical preaching, service for the people, and cultural life, and achieved important results in improving the "spirit" of the peasant masses.