Summary:
In this study, wheat straw was added to the composting process of chicken manure to determine its effects on nitrogen reduction and bacterial community. The results showed that the addition of wheat straw could significantly reduce the nitrogen loss and improve the nitrogen use efficiency during the composting process. At the same time, the addition of wheat straw also changed the bacterial community structure during the composting process and promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria. This study provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the composting process of chicken manure and improving the resource utilization rate.
Keywords: wheat straw, chicken manure, compost, nitrogen abatement, bacterial community.
I. Introduction. With the development of agriculture, the problem of livestock and poultry manure pollution is becoming more and more serious. As a kind of livestock and poultry manure, chicken manure is rich in organic matter and nutrients, but it also contains a lot of nitrogen. During the composting process, the loss of nitrogen not only reduces the quality of the fertilizer, but can also cause pollution to the environment. Therefore, how to reduce the nitrogen loss in the process of chicken manure composting has become an urgent problem to be solved.
As an agricultural waste, wheat straw is rich in cellulose and hemicellulose, and has good adsorption and stability. In the composting process, wheat straw can be used as an attachment carrier for microorganisms, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and improving the quality of composting. Therefore, in this study, wheat straw was added to the composting process of chicken manure to reduce nitrogen emissions and bacterial communities.
2. Materials and methods.
Experimental materials. The chicken manure and wheat straw used in the experiment came from the local agricultural waste treatment center. Chicken manure is fresh chicken manure, and wheat straw is dried wheat straw.
Design of Experiments. The experiment was carried out by static composting. The experimental components were divided into: group A (chicken manure without wheat straw), group B (chicken manure with 5% wheat straw), group C (chicken manure with 10% wheat straw), and group D (chicken manure with 15% wheat straw). Three parallel experiments were set up in each group.
Experimental process. During the experiment, the changes in compost temperature, humidity and other parameters were recorded every day. After the composting was completed, the nitrogen content and bacterial community structure of each group of samples were measured.
3. Results and Analysis.
Analysis of nitrogen emission reduction effect.
The experimental results showed that the addition of wheat straw could significantly reduce the nitrogen loss during the composting process of chicken manure. With the increase of wheat straw addition, the nitrogen loss gradually decreased. Compared with group A, groups B, C, and D were reduced, respectively. 7% nitrogen loss. This indicates that wheat straw can be used as a nitrogen adsorbent to improve nitrogen utilization.
Analysis of bacterial community structure.
Through the analysis of the bacterial community structure of each group of samples, it was found that the addition of wheat straw could change the bacterial community structure during the composting process. Compared with group A, the abundance of beneficial bacteria (such as actinomycetes, bacillus, etc.) in groups B, C and D increased significantly. This suggests that wheat straw can promote the growth of beneficial microflora and improve the quality of compost.
IV. Conclusions and Discussion.
In this study, wheat straw was added to the composting process of chicken manure to determine its effects on nitrogen reduction and bacterial community. The results showed that the addition of wheat straw could significantly reduce the nitrogen loss and improve the nitrogen use efficiency during the composting process. At the same time, the addition of wheat straw also changed the bacterial community structure during the composting process and promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria. This provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the composting process of chicken manure and improving the utilization rate of resources. However, this study was only carried out from the perspective of static composting**, and the effect of wheat straw on chicken manure composting during dynamic composting can be further studied in the future. At the same time, the influence of different proportions of wheat straw addition on the composting effect of chicken manure can also be considered, so as to provide more accurate data support for actual production.
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