Winter Farming Meeting
In the growth process of cotton, water and fertilizer management is one of the key factors affecting its yield and quality. In order to improve the yield and quality of cotton, Tianshan Plant Protection believes that it is necessary to master scientific water and fertilizer management methods.
First, the law of cotton water demand
At different growth stages, the water requirement and water demand of cotton are different. Generally speaking, cotton requires less water at the seedling stage, and the daily water consumption is 05～1.5 square acres. The water demand began to increase after the cotton bud stage, and the daily water consumption was 15～2.0 square acres, from the full bud stage to the early flowering stage, the root growth rate is the largest, and the root depth can reach 80 cm.
Entering the cotton boll stage, entering the period of maximum water consumption, the daily water consumption is 25～3.0 square acres, if the lack of water in the early stage of cotton flowering will cause buds and flowers to fall off.
The lack of water at the peak boll stage had little effect on the yield, but it would affect the fiber length and micronaire value of the boll value. After the cotton is spuffed, the daily water consumption is reduced to less than 2 square acres. Therefore, in the growth process of cotton, irrigation should be reasonably arranged according to different growth stages.
Second, the law of cotton fertilizer needs
During the growth of cotton, a large number of nutrients are required, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc. It is generally believed that for every 100 kg of lint produced, about 1335 kg, phosphorus (P2O5) 465 kg, potassium (K2O) 1335 kg, the ratio is approximately 3 1 3. The peak of cotton fertilizer demand was at the flowering and boll stage, the peak of nitrogen fertilizer absorption was from the first flowering stage to the full flowering stage, and the peak of phosphorus and potassium absorption was from the full flowering stage to the flocculation stage. In the process of cotton growth, fertilizer should be applied reasonably according to soil fertility and cotton growth.
3. Scientific water and fertilizer management methods
In terms of irrigation, the irrigation time and amount should be reasonably arranged according to the water demand law of cotton. In terms of fertilization, the type and amount of fertilizer should be reasonably selected according to soil fertility and the law of cotton fertilizer demand. At the same time, attention should also be paid to the use of organic fertilizers to improve soil fertility and improve soil structure.
IV. Conclusions
In actual production, scientific water and fertilizer management methods should be adopted according to local natural conditions and planting systems, combined with the growth law of cotton, so as to improve the yield and quality of cotton, increase farmers' income, and promote the development of textile industry. At the same time, technical training and technical guidance should also be strengthened to improve the water and fertilizer management level of farmers and provide guarantee for the sustainable development of the cotton industry.