On April 6, 1951, the Volunteer Army suffered the biggest setback on the Korean battlefield, President Peng insisted on attacking, but he did not expect the enemy situation to be complicated, Hong Xuezhi's suggestion was repented, and a tragedy unfolded.
On April 6, 1951, the commander-in-chief of the Volunteer Army*** held the fifth campaign preparatory meeting in Zhisi, planning to start a war of annihilation, but unexpectedly fell into a deep crisis. Before this battle, the Volunteer Army had gathered more than 900,000 people, with a total of more than 6,000 artillery pieces and powerful equipment. However, war is not a simple numbers game.
At the meeting, General Peng envisaged using each corps to attack separately in an attempt to annihilate the enemy and shorten the course of the war. However, Hong Xuezhi, deputy commander of the Volunteer Army, proposed a tactic to lure the enemy into depth, but was ignored by General Peng. He was worried about the logistical difficulties of taking the initiative to attack, and even more believed that the enemy had figured out the laws of our army, and that the initiative to attack would fall into passivity.
In the face of Hong Xuezhi's suggestion, Mr. Peng was always obsessed. Hong Xuezhi repeatedly stated the benefits of luring the enemy into depth, but when eating lunch, Mr. Peng still adhered to the original plan. This decision became the fuse for the war to spiral out of control. Although the Volunteer Army advanced rapidly at the beginning of the war, due to the organized retreat of the other side, it was unable to annihilate the enemy at night, resulting in the results being far lower than expected.
Seeing this, General Peng had no choice but to change his tactics and concentrate his main force on attacking the South Korean Puppet 1st Division and other troops. Although this temporary decision brought a certain victory, it also plunged the volunteer army into a logistical crisis. The material base was destroyed by enemy aircraft, millions of catties of military supplies were burned, and the supply lines of the volunteer army were cut off.
What made the situation even worse was that the enemy took advantage of the retreat of the volunteers to launch a fierce counterattack, intending to cut off the retreat of our army. At this critical moment, Huang Chaotian, the commander of the 1st Division, and Fu Chongbi, the commander of the 1st Army, stepped forward and bravely resisted, making great contributions to the stability of the entire battle situation. Their heroic actions saved the situation, but they also paid a terrible price.
Although the Volunteers annihilated more than 82,000 enemies in the fifth battle, they had more than 85,000 people, of which the 180th Division of the Third Corps suffered heavy losses. This battle became one of the four major defeats in Peng's military career, and he later regretted his mistake and believed that Hong Xuezhi's advice was correct.
In fact, there was still a big gap between the equipment of the volunteers and the enemy in this campaign, and there was a lack of air force, navy, and tank support. Under such conditions, the Volunteer Army was still able to annihilate more than 82,000 enemies, which was an excellent performance. However, the proactive decision led to logistical crises and tactical mistakes that undermined initial gains.
The War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea was the battle for the founding of our country, and it played a military and national prestige, but the tragic defeat in the fifth battle was also a lesson of history. Leaders of the armed forces should make prudent decisions, give full consideration to the war situation and logistical situation, and avoid repeating the mistakes of the past. War is a contest of comprehensive qualities, and only all-round preparation and prudent strategy can lead to an invincible position in the war situation. The defeat of the Volunteer Army this time was not only a mistake in the enemy's tactics, but also a deficiency in its own planning and logistical support. In this war, every soldier sacrificed his life for the country, which is worthy of our deep thought and remembrance.
The opening of the Fifth Battle marked a serious contest on the Korean battlefield, in which the Volunteers tried to turn the tide of the war by taking the initiative, but suffered a serious defeat. This article describes in detail the decision-making process of the Commander-in-Chief and the objections of Deputy Commander Hong Xuezhi. Looking back at history, we can see a number of strategic and tactical mistakes, which also provide valuable lessons for future military decision-making.
First of all, Mr. Peng's decision shows the enormous pressure and dilemma that leaders need to face in war. In the face of the huge strength and firepower of the volunteer army, Mr. Peng was eager to quickly end the war through a large-scale war of annihilation. However, driven by this desire, he may not have fully taken into account the gap in strength between the enemy and us, logistical support, and other issues, which ultimately led to the unfavorable development of the war situation.
Secondly, Hong Xuezhi's opposition in the article is particularly precious. Hong offered a wise warning about the logistical and tactical problems that might come with taking the initiative, but his advice was ultimately ignored. This highlights the importance of diverse voices in leadership, where leaders should listen and consider different opinions in order to make more informed and informed decisions.
In addition, the variables and uncertainties in war are highlighted in this article. Although the planned rapid attack of the Volunteer Army achieved some initial victories, the enemy responded quickly and organizedly, resulting in the Volunteer Army's progress much lower than expected. This shows once again that in war, anticipating the enemy's reaction and being flexible is crucial.
Finally, the outcome of this battle also calls on us to express our deep sorrow for the heroic sacrifice of the 1st Division Commander Huang Chaotian, the 1st Army Commander Fu Chongbi, and all the soldiers who participated in the battle. They fought valiantly on the battlefield and paid a huge price to save the situation. It's a reverence for heroes and a call for peace.
Overall, the article is a profound reflection on the importance of decision-making in warfare, and the need for leaders to think calmly and listen to multiple opinions in the face of adversity. The Korean War was an important historical moment for the squadron, and the lessons and experiences learned in it are still of enlightening significance for future military decision-making. Hopefully, we can learn from history and lead the future more wisely.
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