The incidence of diabetes is getting higher and higher, and according to statistics, there is 1500 million diabetic patients, experts** will reach 300 million by 2025. Diabetes is not possible in 75% of developing countries, and its main harm lies in its complications, especially chronic complications.
Common infections include respiratory tract infections and tuberculosis, urinary tract infections, including severe dehydration, and sometimes they can be misdiagnosed as cerebrovascular accidents due to clinical manifestations such as hemiplegia and coma, with a mortality rate of up to 50%.
Academician Ningguang has been studying diabetes for many years, and has a deep understanding and research on it, mainly studying the mechanism and diagnosis of human diabetes, pointing out that if you want to control blood sugar, you must control it in diet.
1.Genetic factors
Defective insulin secretion and/or utilization of type 2 diabetes is more common due to family background, and siblings of parents, as well as siblings of their own who have diabetes, also have a genetic family history, is a common cause of type 2 diabetes.
2.Obese people
Excessive subcutaneous fat and visceral adipose tissue in obese people can significantly aggravate insulin resistance, which is one of the important causes of diabetes.
3.Eating too many high-calorie foods
People's living standards are gradually improving, and a variety of foods are very abundant, and many people usually like to eat foods with high calories and relatively high glycemic index. After eating, it will temporarily increase blood sugar in the body, which will increase the burden of pancreatic islets and lead to an increased risk of diabetes.
4.Pharmacological factors
Some drugs can damage the islet cells, causing them to malfunction. For example, diazoxides, thiazide diuretics, phenytoin, etc., can lead to insufficient insulin secretion and cause secondary diabetes.
5.Lack of activity
Physical activity increases tissue sensitivity to insulin, lowers body weight, improves metabolism, reduces insulin resistance, resolves hyperinsulinemia and reduces cardiovascular complications. Therefore, reduced physical activity has become an important factor in the development of type 2 diabetes.
1.Ordinary rice porridge
The doctor advises diabetics to eat more light food, and the patient feels that he should eat less salt and less oil, so is it possible to eat more rice porridge, rice porridge is not sweet and nourishes the stomach, in fact, this idea is wrong.
Because rice porridge is not sweet and easy to digest, it is composed of starch and has a glycemic index of 102. Therefore, people with elevated blood sugar should never eat rice porridge and do not listen to the opinions of the elderly.
2.High-salt foods
In many areas of northern China, people's tastes are relatively heavy, and they like to eat foods with high salt content, which is sodium chloride. It contains a large amount of sodium ions, and a long-term high-sodium diet can trigger cardiovascular disease and aggravate diabetes complications.
In addition to edible salt, there is also a lot of sodium in condiments such as soy sauce and vinegar, as well as puffed foods such as potato chips. Therefore, diabetic patients must strictly control the intake of sodium in a day to avoid unnecessary harm.
3.High-sugar foods
For diabetics, the last thing they should touch is high-sugar foods, such as various honey, candy, brown sugar, white sugar, etc. These foods will be quickly converted into glucose when eaten into the body, which is not conducive to the stability of blood sugar, so diabetics must stay away from them in normal times.
In addition to these sweet-tasting sweets, there are also carbohydrate-rich staples that can quickly convert into sugars. There are also some high-sugar snacks, such as dried pineapples, raisins, sweet corn, and so on.
4.Pickled food
Many families like pickled things, they like the rich taste of pickles, and they go well with rice. However, when pickling pickles, you need to add a lot of salt. When eating pickles, the sodium ions in them will be absorbed by the body, which will directly lead to a rise in blood sugar levels in the body.
In addition, after sodium ions enter the body, it will burden the metabolism of the kidneys and affect the secretion of insulin, so it is best for people with high blood sugar not to eat pickled foods.
5.Fried, fried food
Academician Ning bluntly said that the tendency of fried and barbecued foods is positively correlated with the prevalence of diabetes and BMI, and people who like to eat such foods have a higher risk of diabetes.
It contains a lot of oil, and the unsaturated fats in vegetable oils and fats that have been heated for a long time will be converted into saturated fats, which can easily lead to obesity and metabolic abnormalities. According to WHO, obese people are three times more likely to develop diabetes than normal-weight people.
6.Wine
Because diabetic patients are unable to store glucose in the liver like healthy people due to glucose metabolism disorders, the liver's ability to detoxify is poor. Moreover, excessive alcohol consumption will inhibit the decomposition of liver glycogen, cause hypoglycemia, and mask the symptoms of hyperglycemia, which is not conducive to the stability of the condition.
1.Get enough sleep
Patients with high blood sugar must ensure adequate sleep, and if sleep is not guaranteed, the function of pancreatic islets will be greatly affected. Blood sugar is definitely not well controlled, and blood sugar values are naturally unstable.
People in their thirties should get 8 hours of sleep a day, and people in their 40s and 50s should get about 7 hours and 30 minutes of sleep a day. Never drink coffee and strong tea before going to bed at night.
2.Control your diet
Eat more foods rich in dietary fiber, such as whole grains such as buckwheat. If your blood sugar is well controlled, you can eat a small amount of fruit between meals, such as tomatoes, cucumbers and other foods that are low in sugar. At the same time, it is also necessary to pay attention to appropriately reducing staple foods and eating less animal offal.
3.Exercise in moderation
Moderate exercise can help patients with high blood sugar to lower blood sugar, generally half an hour after eating, exercise will affect our stomach. Therefore, choose some gentle exercises when exercising, and don't do too strenuous exercises.
Excessive exercise is very dangerous for people with high blood sugar, which can lead to an increase in ketones in the blood, and you can stop exercising with just a little sweating. Light exercise can break down the sugar in the body's muscles, consume excess calories in the body, and play a role in lowering blood sugar.
4.Measure your blood sugar regularly
In addition to paying attention to diet and exercise, it is also necessary to closely monitor blood sugar, understand the changes in blood sugar, and then adjust the ** regimen and the dosage of drugs appropriately according to the control effect of blood sugar.
If blood glucose is persistently elevated, oral hypoglycemic drugs, such as metformin, should be taken as prescribed. Insulin should also be monitored, and insulin should be injected under the guidance of a physician when pancreatic islet function is deranged.