Compared with the time when Mesopotamia, ancient Egypt, ancient China and other groups of people entered the civilized society, the time when the Germanic tribes entered the civilized society was quite late, at least later than the establishment of the first state by Menes in EgyptMore than 3500 years
We are Xi to the following narrative: the emergence of a civilization with a vast territory will first be lined with small states, and then gradually move towards a unified large empire, and then repeat the dynastic cycle in unification and **, falling into the so-called".The general trend of the world, together for a long time, must be divided, and for a long time must be united".
The East is like our country, since the Xia, Shang and Zhou-Qin, and has been circulating to the Qing Dynasty, after being bombarded by gunboats, ** was established, and the dynastic cycle ended.
The Middle East, such as Egypt, began the cycle from the establishment of a unified state in Upper and Lower Egypt - Menes, and continued until the 31st Dynasty, when it was conquered by Alexander's Macedonian legions, and the dynastic cycle ended.
During the dynastic cycle, the civilization was brilliant, China had the Qin and Han dynasties, the Tang and Song dynasties, ancient Egypt had the ancient kingdom pyramid period, and the New Kingdom dominated the Middle East period.
During this period, the structure of the state system can be said to have made no progress, and by the time our country arrived in the Song Dynasty, there was already an emperor and a professional bureaucracy with the world in mind."Doctors"The fashion of ruling the world together has been promoted as a good story by later generations.
But in the end,Just the monarch, a game of how the bureaucracy plays power with the tools used by the monarch。After the Mongol invasion, the Ming and Qing dynasties moved towards the elimination of relative power, the increasing concentration of imperial power, and the withering of people's wisdom.
This ultra-stable Qin-made cyclic structure existed for two thousand years, until this cycle was blasted by gunboats.
The Germanic barbarians entered the civilized society, even from the death of the Western Roman in 476 AD, it has only been more than 1,500 years now.
They started out as gnomes of civilization, and Eastern civilizations, such as Eastern Rome and Islamic civilizations, all looked at this civilization dwarf with contempt, and the marginal lands of the world in Central and Western Europe.
In the 10th century, an Arab geographer from the Islamic civilization described the Europeans he met in this way:
They are large, ugly at heart, rude, stupid, and clumsy. Their complexion is exaggeratedly white, and they are almost all blue ......Because of the damp mist they endure all day long, their hair is straight and red. The more stupid, vulgar, and barbaric people who live in the north. ”
But in today's world, the basic shape and form of modern society, we have to admit that it is precisely these barbarians, descendants of the Germanic barbarians, who were despised, who built and created it.
This evolution has occurred several times in ancient Europe.
Around the 12th century BC, the Dorians invaded the Greece of the Achaians, and after the restart of the Aegean-Mycenaean civilization, the path of social form evolution:Clans - royal power - decline of royal power, Athenian democracy, Spartan aristocracy, the so-called classical civilization of ancient Greece.
In the 8th century B.C., the city of Rome was founded, and the path of social form evolution:Clans - Kingship (Roman Kingdom) - Decline of Kingship, Rise of Republics (Roman Republic)
In the 5th century A.D., after the fall of Western Rome, the evolution path of the social form of the Germanic barbarian tribes: small states (fiefdom) - strong royal power (different places, the British island country appeared more smoothly, the continental royal power and clerical power were integrated and balanced, repeated many times, and finally France reached a strong royal power in Louis XVI, and Germany reached a strong royal power in the Second Empire) - representative state (Britain was the first to achieve), and the modern social structure was born.
In Western Europe in the 6th century, the Roman administrative system was more preserved in Ostrogothic Northern Italy and the Visigothic Iberian Peninsula, while the Frankish Gaul was left with little and Britain disappeared altogether.
Large swaths of European land were open to the invading Germanic barbarians, and it was the king's duty to follow the king's conquests and provide military services, and the king had to give his servants benefits and protect them.
From their Germanic relationship, we can taste some of the most primitive reciprocal conventions.
And this large area of land is the best reward for these servants who fought for the king, and they naturally became nobles.
A large number of nobles who owned new lands could not change their violent and plundering nature internally, and they had to protect their own interests externally.
It was a time of violence and misery, both on the European continent and in Britain.