People always say,No one loves Su Dongpo.
Writers recite his poems, and painters copy his paintings and calligraphyYoung people like his optimism, and middle-aged people appreciate his open-mindedness;
He is"Anti-emo expert".His story can help migrant workers reduce anxiety and college students reduce internal frictionHe is"The Old Ancestor of Internet Language"., always used"Huh".to express his feelings, he was also on the hot search by 200 million people on his 985th birthday.
In his life, he was either degraded or on the way to be degraded. Even so, he eats, drinks and has fun, and he is proficient in poetry, calligraphy and painting.
Lin Yutang said that he was "indispensable."
1. It is rare to have two out of print in the world", Qian Mu called him "a rare perfect man through the ages".
Even the French newspaper Le Monde rated him as:"One of the twelve heroes of the world".
For thousands of years, people have been interpreting Su Dongpo, but they have never been able to fully understand Su Dongpo.
His life is like the smile of the Mona Lisa, different people, with different moods, in different stages of life, to taste, will have different perceptions. (All the materials in the article are from the CCTV documentary "Su Dongpo").
Three months before his death, Su Shi returned north from Danzhou, passed through Jinshan Temple in Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, and improvised a poem, which can be regarded as a summary of his life
The heart is like a gray wood, and the body is like an untied boat.
Ask Ru Ping's life achievements, Huangzhou, Huizhou, Danzhou.
When he was about to die, he remembered not the joy of this life, but the place where he had been degraded and exiled three times, each more desolate and more distant than the other.
Such open-mindedness is admired by the world, however,His poise in the face of adversity is not innate, but the product of experiencing darkness and facing reality.
After the Wutai Poetry Case, the dark prison has since become Su Dongpo's spiritual nightmare. He is no longer the talented man who was young and ambitious, but a sinner who was demoted to Huangzhou.
In the snow, he embarked on the road of being demoted to Huangzhou.
At that time, Huangzhou was still a desolate land, and there was only an ancient post road connecting Huangzhou with the outside world.
He thought, maybe this life is over like this.
From Bianjing City to Huangzhou, the difference between heaven and earth made him see the hot and cold state of the world that he had never seen before.
In a letter to a friend, Su Shi said:"Relatives and friends in my life, I don't see a word, and I don't answer if I have a book. ”Relatives and friends avoided him, and he could only stay in the hut of Dinghui Yuan all day long.
The lack of moon hangs dredging paulownia, and the initial tranquility of people is missing. From time to time, I saw a lonely person, ethereal and lonely. ”
Yique's "Fortune Operator" is a true portrayal of his sad state of mind at this time.
"Pick up all the cold branches and refuse to live, and the lonely sandbar is cold. ”He was like the homeless lonely Hong, wondering why he had ended up here.
Although Huangzhou is remote, it gave Su Dongpo a chance to breathe.
Not far from Dinghui Temple, there is an Anguo Temple, where the morning bell and dusk drum always soothe his lonely heart.
He often went to Anguo Temple to meditate and participate in meditation, and gradually developed a different understanding of his own life.
At this time, the arrival of his family added some comfort to him;His friend Ma Mengde also came all the way to help him borrow fifty acres of idle land.
This nameless plateau in the east of the city made Su Shi fall in love at first sight, and he named this land Dongpo.
Since then, Su Shi has become Su Dongpo.
He took off the robes and scarves of the literati and put on the peasant's mango shoes and short coats.
He came to build dams, to build fish ponds, to raise livestock, to grow grain
The farmer told him that if he wanted a good harvest of wheat, he had to let the cattle and sheep gnaw the wheat seedlings and press the fertility of the land, and he did so, and he had a good harvest
The barley he planted was cooked into rice, and when it tasted sour, he mixed it with barley and adzuki beans, which the children found difficult to swallow, but he ate it deliciously.
The simple rural life made him forget the pain of the past. At the moment, he is an old farmer working in the fields.
At dusk, after returning from work, Su Dongpo passed through the city gate.
The guards of the city knew that he was a great poet, but they did not know why he had fallen to this point, and sometimes they would make a few jokes about him, but he would only laugh and not say anything.
One day it was raining while passing through the sand lake. People shouted to dodge, only Su Dongpo did not dodge.
It didn't take long for the rain to stop, and Su Dongpo, who had just been poured into a soup chicken, leisurely chanted a piece of "Fixing the Storm" in his mouth
Don't listen to the sound of the forest beating the leaves, why not groan and walk slowly. Bamboo cane shoes are lighter than horses, who is afraid?A cloud of smoke and rain is Ren Ping's life.
The steep spring breeze blows the wine and wakes up, slightly cold, and the mountain is obliquely shining but welcomes. Looking back at the bleak place, there is no wind and rain and no sunshine. ”
People say that "Fixing the Storm" is his "political declaration of self-breakthrough".
Starting from Huangzhou, he has truly matured.
He is no longer overwhelmed by the predicament, but copes with it with a smile.
Fan Zhongyan wrote in "The Story of Yueyang Tower": "The worries of the world are worried, and the joy of the world is happy." Su Shi is the same, but he has a little more affinity in his happiness with the people.
He did not regard himself as a superior official, but in his opinion, he was also a member of the people.
He would go to the fields, to the waterfront, to the mountains, to the markets, chasing the farmers, fishermen, woodcutters, and merchants, chatting and laughing.
You can accompany the Jade Emperor on the top, and you can accompany the pastoral beggars on the bottom. ”In his eyes, there is no one in the world who is not a good person, and that is the real love for people.
After being demoted to Huangzhou, he heard that many people in the local area were poor and could not afford to raise children, and many newborns died as a result.
Su Dongpo, who was deeply distressed, immediately wrote a letter to the local **, asking the power of the imperial court to get rid of this bad atmosphere.
He paid out of his own pocket to help poor families who could not afford to raise children, and called on friends to organize parenting associations, invited local wealthy businessmen to join, donated money to help the poor, and more than 100 babies were reborn because of his kindness.
In the eighth year of Yuanfeng, Wang Anshi's reform failed, the former important ministers were reused, and Su Dongpo was transferred back to Kaifeng, Kyoto, from Huangzhou.
At this time, he had clearly seen the open and secret struggle between the DPRK and China, and he was unwilling to stay in the place of right and wrong.
So he asked to leave Beijing and came to Hangzhou.
On the picturesque shore of Xizi Lake, Su Dongpo lived very comfortably. There is no need to worry about the struggle of the court partyJust being a small magistrate, the ruling party, can really do practical things for the people.
The West Lake is the source of water for the people of Hangzhou, and the aquatic plants on the surface of the lake grow wildly, and the silt at the bottom of the lake is blocked, which brings a lot of trouble to the people of Hangzhou.
Su Dongpo sent a request to the imperial court to dredge the West Lake. He first raised money through various channels, and then applied to the imperial court for policies and exchanged money for money.
The silt cleared out of the West Lake piled up like a mountain, so he asked people to build a levee of the silt across the north and south of the West Lake. The hibiscus willows and small bridge pavilions on the embankment constitute the famous spring dawn of the Su Causeway in the ten views of the West Lake today.
In order to stop the aquatic weeds from growing, he rented the lake on the shore to the people to plant water chestnuts, and if they wanted to plant, they had to remove the aquatic weeds first, so that the aquatic weeds problem was cured and the people had income.
The experience of being degraded made him see that fame is vain, glory is fleeting, and now,In Su Dongpo's heart, nothing is more important than benefiting the people.
The more he stays in Hangzhou, the more he does practical things for the people.
As early as when he was demoted to Huangzhou, his old friend Chaogu came to visit him and gave him a prescription for malaria.
Chao Gu cherished this prescription very much, "Secretly cherish this prescription and don't pass it on to his son", and asked Su Dongpo to point to the river and swear not to pass the prescription on to others.
Soon after, a plague broke out in Huangzhou, killing hundreds of people.
In the face of the death of the people, Su Dongpo could not keep his promise. He sacrificed the secret recipe and saved countless people in Huangzhou.
He betrayed his friends, but he had a clear conscience.
This time, Hangzhou was also suddenly attacked by the plague. Su Dongpo once again offered a secret recipe to save Hangzhou from fire and water.
He also pioneered the "Sick Workshop" in Hangzhou, inviting monks who knew how to serve as doctors to relieve the poor and protect the safety of Hangzhou.
Su Dongpo loves the beauty he has created and all the people he has protected. He looked at the world warmly, replacing his idealism with warm human feelings. ”
The world kissed him with pain, but he reciprocated with a song.
He used the satisfaction and sense of accomplishment of benefiting the people to soothe the pain of being misunderstood and falsely accused, and left countless cultural heritages to future generations, so that his life transcended the times and was remembered by history.
I often tell my friends that if I want to travel, I don't want to be with Li Bai, he is irresponsible and has no sense of reality;With Du Fu, he is too bitter haha, I'm afraid it's too serious. But Su Dongpo is good, he can be a good friend, he is really an interesting person. ”
Yu Guangzhong commented on Su Dongpo.
Gourmand Su Dongpo "laughed at himself and was busy all his life". Loving food and knowing how to eat may be the most talked about characteristics of Su Dongpo. No matter where he goes, he can find good food.
Huangzhou's pork, the price is low, the taste is delicious, he invented Dongpo meat, the fat that others don't like to eat is made fat but not greasy, but also beautiful poems:
Huangzhou is a good pork, and the price is as cheap as dirt. The noble refuse to eat, the poor do not understand how to cook, get up in the morning and make two bowls, so that they are full of their own kings. ”
There is no good pork in Huizhou,He took the lamb backbones that the mutton stall did not want, sprinkled them with salt and roasted them over the fire, and made a delicacy, and quipped that this would make the puppies waiting to pick up the bones to eat very unhappy.
Even in Danzhou, a wild place at that time, he could find the deliciousness of oysters. He stewed the oysters in wine, and the large ones were roasted over the fire, and the taste was extremely delicious.
He jokingly wrote to his son: Don't spread the news that the oysters are delicious, otherwise the ministers of the DPRK and China will deliberately make mistakes and compete to come to Hainan to divide his oysters.
He has always been able to live a life of poverty to the fullestThe simplest and most miserable life is, for him, where love and beauty lie.
He can make wine. When the color of the wine turns green, or a small bubble bubbles, he writes it down;
He loves to write words. From the graceful "amorous but ruthlessly annoyed" to the bold "the great river goes east, the waves are exhausted, and the eternal romantic characters", his words are not written for the court and emperors, nor are they like the lyrics that were popular for singing at that timeHe wrote words into poems, for the sake of carrying the Tao, for the heart, and for the most authentic existence of the lyricist himself.
He doesn't follow the rules. The government forbade the slaughter of ploughing cattle without permission, and when a friend's cattle were sick, they secretly slaughtered the cattle, drank wine and ate meat, and returned drunk.
He puts a wealth of emotions in his poems. In the middle of the night, he dreamed of his deceased wife, and he "only had a thousand tears";Missing his younger brother, he made "I wish people a long time, thousands of miles together" to send his feelings;With the rise of spring outings, he wrote, "Snow foam milk flowers float in the afternoon cup, and artemisia shoots try spring plates." The taste of the world is refreshing. ”
The vicissitudes of time and the thousands of changes in plants and trees have all been included in Su Dongpo's life.
He lived the highest state in the lowest circumstances.
When he was dying, his friend Abbot Verin whispered in his ear: "Duan Ming should not forget the West", so that he could read the Western Elysium at this time, and he could go there after death.
Su Dongpo replied: "There is nothing in the West, but it is impossible to do it." Emphasis is poor. ”
In his opinion, Western Elysium and his life are not separatedIf you have lived every day with your heart, then Western Elysium exists in every day of life.
Truth and goodness are the charm of his personality, and his poetry, political achievements, food, calligraphy and painting ......Those glittering achievements added to his already legendary life.
His life has been upside down, but it is as warm as ever. The sorrow of debasement and the hardship of the turmoil were all turned invisible by him with small and concrete happiness.
The tempering of fate has never broken his heart. On the contrary,On a thorny road, he walked out of the most unbridled and chic appearance.