On November 5, 1950, the first campaign to resist US aggression and aid Korea ended, and the volunteers killed, wounded, and captured 1 enemyMore than 50,000 people, the record of capturing a large number of military supplies, basically stabilized the front, and won time for the follow-up troops to assemble. At this time, the main force of the "United **" led by the United States was not seriously damaged. MacArthur believed that it was only a small group of Chinese border guards who entered the DPRK to fight, and they were still planning to launch a full-scale ** after resting. He flew to North Korea to announce the news in high spirits, and then flew to the Yalu River to inspect the offensive that the United States called the "Christmas Offensive" -- MacArthur promised to end the war by Christmas and let the soldiers go home for the holidays. In the first campaign, all units of the Volunteer Army fought well, but the 38th Army, which had always been regarded as a trump card, lagged behind. At the summary meeting on November 1, Mr. Peng was very angry and slapped the table to criticize the army commander Liang Xingchu: "I asked you to insert the 38th Army into Xichuan, why don't you insert it?"People say you're a tiger general, but I haven't learned it yet!What a tiger general, I think it's a rat general. "The 38th Army followed Siye to fight in the north-south direction of the Great River, and was known for fighting tough battles, and Liang Xinchu has always been a praised person, so he can withstand this criticism. If he wanted to be someone else, he would have quit the venue a long time ago according to his temper, but this was Mr. Peng, and he could only blush and dare not speak. 
It turned out that before the attack on Xichuan, the 38th Division of the 112th Army received information from the People's Army that there was a "black regiment" of the US army here. It is quite different from the situation detected before, and it is not known its strength if it has never been at war with the US military. The 112th Division, out of prudence, delayed the attack, but the main forces of the enemy also took the opportunity to flee. Liang Xingchu was criticized in public as a "rat general" and held back his anger, and after the meeting ended, Ding Ganru, the chief of operations, found him and said: "Mr. Peng asked me to tell you that the criticism at the meeting just now was heavier, but you should not be discouraged because you were criticized, and the next battle must be fought well." Liang Xingchu only replied: "The 38th Army is not paper-paste. "Considering that the enemy still has the possibility of launching a large-scale **. Mr. Peng formulated a plan to lure the enemy into depth: gradually retreat to the favorable terrain familiar to our army, lure the enemy army to go deeper, form a broad front, disperse the enemy's forces, and thus encircle and annihilate each other. This plan is conducive to shortening the supply lines of our army and occupying favorable terrain, but it is also a very dangerous thing to retreat, in case the coordination of various departments is inconsistent, it is very likely to be annihilated by the enemy army. However, on the battlefield, what is tested is the courage and execution of a commander, the so-called bold and careful. This plan was finally approved. 
In the roundabout route of the 38th Army in the second campaign, in order to create the illusion of defeat and retreat, our army fought and retreated, and in some places the resistance was still very fierce. The 38th Army put up fierce resistance at Feihu Mountain, and the South Korean 7th Division and the US 2nd Division organized 1-3 regiments to attack in turn every day, and the bombs blew up the positions of the volunteers into loose soil and the positions were scorched by gasoline bombs, but the 335th Regiment still withstood the attack. One day, the car parked at the entrance of the cave was bombed and burned by US planes, and poisonous gases poured into the cave. In the end, the people in the cave did not have time to transfer, resulting in 232 casualties, including 12 cadres at the battalion and regiment level. The commander of the US Eighth Army, Walker, who was at first on the Western Front, was very cautious. Despite repeated urgings from MacArthur, he moved very slowly, tentatively with small forces, advancing several kilometers a day. Smith, commander of the 1st Marine Division, the main force of the U.S. Army on the Eastern Front, also took the same attitude, although it took him 17 days to cover more than 40 miles of mountain roads under the repeated urging of Commander Almond. 
The enemy's refusal to enter the encirclement on the Western Front made Mr. Peng very anxious. To this end, he formulated two sets of plans: First, the front-line troops quickly disengaged from the enemy, abandoned their existing positions, and discarded some clothing and equipment along the way, creating the illusion of defeat and retreat. And released a group of prisoners, and told them that the volunteers were preparing to withdraw to the country because of insufficient logistical supplies. Second, if the U.S. military does not take the bait, the volunteers can only take the initiative to attack, but it is difficult to encircle the enemy in this way, and the effect will be greatly reduced. Fortunately, through a series of camouflage and under MacArthur's repeated urgings, the American troops on the Western Front began to advance northward, entering the intended counterattack position of our army. Mr. Peng once again gave the 38th Army an important task, allowing the 42nd Army and the 38th Army to attack the main force of the South Korean 2nd Army Corps on the enemy's right flank of Tokugawa and Nyongwon. Han Xianchu, deputy commander of the Volunteer Army, asked Liang Xingchu: "This Tokugawa is very important, for the sake of insurance, I will transfer a division from the 42nd Army to help you complete the task." This was rejected by Liang Xingchu: "We have a bag for Tokugawa!."The army commander was criticized as a "rat general", so wouldn't the soldiers all become "rat soldiers", so the whole army of the 38th Army held their breath and had to fight a turnaround battle. 
In order to cut off the retreat of the Tokugawa enemy army, Liang Xingchu decided to send an advance team to insert it from between Tokugawa and Ningyuan to Wuling-ri, south of Tokugawa, and blow up the highway bridge over the Datong River, by the way, the situation behind enemy lines. Zhang Kuiyin, chief of the army's reconnaissance section, took the radio and 323 people to transmit the emptiness of the enemy's rear back to the military headquarters along the way, and on the 24th, he disguised himself as a South Korean army and flexibly crossed the enemy's layers of checkpoints. Finally, on the morning of the 26th, the Mureung Bridge was blown up under the nose of the enemy, cutting off the retreat of the 7th South Korean Division. Later, this story was made into a movie "Surprise Attack", which became a household name in the 60s. On the morning of the 26th, the 38th Army launched an attack on Tokugawa in three directions, and the heights north and east of the city were occupied by our troops one after another, and more than 5,000 people of the 7th Division of South Korea were surrounded in a narrow strip of only a dozen square kilometers in the Tokugawa River valley, in an attempt to break out of the encirclement by three routes. Liang Xingchu ordered a general offensive on the whole front, and at 19 o'clock, the headquarters of the 7th Southern Division and its 5th and 8th wings were basically annihilated, and only 2,078 were captured, and the US military advisory group was also captured, including one colonel, one lieutenant colonel, and six majors. At the same time, the 42nd Army also annihilated most of the Southern 8th Division in the Ningyuan area. The right flank of the "United **" was opened a big gap by our army. 
Liang Xingchu (right) After most of the South Korean Army on the right flank was annihilated, the US military came back to its senses and found that the squadron had launched a full-scale attack, so it hurriedly contracted the front and sent reconnaissance troops to the south to ensure a smooth retreat. However, the 38th Army, which had won the first battle, continued to weave westward in a roundabout way, and the troops advanced to the main force towards Yuanchuan in two directions, and the 113th Division interspersed from the left flank to Sanlisuo south of Yuanchuan, forming a double-layer encirclement of the US army. On the 28th, the 342nd Regiment of the 114th Division's vanguard encountered the Turkish Brigade at Gariling, fought fiercely for 2 hours, defeated it, and annihilated more than 300 enemies. The fighting in the offensive of the 112th Division was also very smooth. However, the 113th Division, which was responsible for the detour back to Sanlisuo, lost contact, and Mr. Peng scolded angrily in the command post: "Where is the 113th Division?"In fact, at 113 o'clock, the radio had been turned off for concealment, and along the mountain path, despite the daytime march of enemy aircraft, it advanced 145 miles in 14 hours. More than a dozen US planes spotted them on the way, and division commander Liu Haijing made a bold decision to remove all the camouflage and swagger away. The 113th Division arrived at Sanlisuo at 7 o'clock on the 28th, and had just occupied the position, and the vanguard of the 5th Cavalry Regiment of the 1st Division of the US Army had also arrived. The main force of the 1st US Cavalry Division, which rushed to reinforce from the south, was also blocked by our 338th Regiment. 
General Peng was very happy when he learned the news that the 113th Division had occupied Sanlisuo, and at the same time ordered to resolutely block the enemy who fled south through Sanlisuo. Xie Fang, chief of staff of the Volunteer Army, hit the 113th Division three times, demanding that the retreat of the US troops be resolutely cut off at all costs. At the same time, the main force of the 38th Army was ordered to attack to the south and move closer to the 38th Division. Considering that the other road for the US troops to retreat south had not yet been cut off, the 113th Division divided its forces again and seized Longyuanli to the west with the 337th Regiment to cut off another retreat route for the US troops. The 337th Regiment entered Longyuanli at 4 o'clock on the 29th, and happened to encounter the reconnaissance company of the US 2nd Division moving south. After discovering our troops, the U.S. troops continued to increase their troops, and our troops repelled them after more than three hours of fierce fighting. Most of the US troops are mechanized troops, and the roads are cut off, and the equipment cannot be withdrawn from the encirclement. On the 29th, the commander of the U.S. 9th Army ordered the British 29th Brigade to immediately go north for reinforcements, and at this time, the U.S. 2nd Division commanded 4 infantry regiments, Turkish brigades, 6 artillery battalions, 2 tank battalions and a group of special forces detachments to attack south. The strength of the US army reached more than 20,000 troops, while only four battalions of our army were in positions in the vicinity of Sanlisuo and Longyuanli, and they were attacked by the US army from the north and south. In order to open up the retreat, the US army dispatched hundreds of planes and various shells to blow up the position, but our army was determined to live and die with the position, and still withstood the enemy's attack after paying a great price. There were more than 170 people in the 3rd company of the 337th Regiment, and only more than 20 people remained in the end. There are only 7 people left in the 335th Company of the 3rd Regiment on the Songgu Peak position. The distance between the north and the south of the US army is less than a kilometer, but it has never been able to meet the divisions. Writer Wei Wei wrote this tragic battle into the famous "Who is the cutest person". 
On the morning of the 30th, the main force of the 38th Army arrived in time, stabilized the position, and cut the US 2nd Division and the Turkish Brigade that retreated south into several sections, and fought until December 1, basically disrupting its formation, and brilliantly completing the task after the roundabout. Seeing that Sanlisuo and Longyuanli could not break through, the U.S. troops could only abandon a large amount of baggage equipment and retreat in the direction of Anzhou. At the same time, all units of our Volunteer Army surrounded and annihilated the enemy army from the front, and in the second battle, our army annihilated more than 36,000 enemy troops, completely reversing the situation of the Korean war. Walker, commander of the U.S. 8th Army, was killed in a car that overturned during the retreat, and shortly after, five-star General MacArthur was dismissed. The US military adviser, who was captured after the war, asked in bewilderment: "How did you manage to run to our rear in such a short time?""The 38th Army's thousands of miles of detours and withstanding the powerful attack of the American army was the key to the victory of the second battle. When the secretary drafted the commendation message, Mr. Peng took the message and personally added two sentences: "Long live the 38th Army!"Long live the Chinese People's Volunteers!Since then, the 38th Army has been famous all over the world as the "Long Live Army". From the "rat general" to the Long Live Army, all the officers and men of the army can be said to be ashamed and courageous, and use their actual performance and achievements to justify themselves. Honor is higher than life, and in order to maintain honor, the hardships and costs paid by the 38th Army are difficult to describe clearly in a few lines. Honor is higher than life, this is the glorious tradition of our army and the magic weapon for victory, and it is also the precious spiritual wealth left to us by the revolutionary martyrs.