Ma Hongkui knelt on the ground and cried when he saw Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang advised him not to do this.
In 1949, Ma Hongkui suffered a defeat and hid at home to "recuperate", and Chiang Kai-shek personally went to visit. When Ma Hongkui saw Chiang Kai-shek, he immediately hugged his leg and wept bitterly: "I'm sorry for you, I'm sorry for the party-state, I'm a sinner......."Chiang Kai-shek looked disgusted: "Don't be like this, I am also responsible for losing."
Before leaving, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly turned his head and said coldly: "You go to Taiwan to recuperate." This is exactly what Ma Hongkui wanted, and he came to Taiwan happily, only to find that everything was completely different from what he imagined......Chiang Kai-shek's dislike of Ma Hongkui was only because he lost the war?
Why did he suddenly let him go to Taiwan?What is Ma Hongkui's ultimate fate?
Ma Hongkui, the "Emperor of the Soil" of Ningxia, ostensibly used the slogans of "Three People's Principles" and "Eliminate Tobacco and Drug Bandits", but in fact he oppressed the people, increased the burden on the people, implemented the armor protection system to restrict the people's association and revolution, recruited a large number of strong men, established an army that did not belong to the people, and sent the people to death in vain.
His rule collapsed after the arrival of the People's Liberation Army, and the invincible "King of Ningxia" was finally annihilated.
In May 1949, Ma Bufang and Ma Hongkui quarreled over the position of military and political chief in the northwest. Later, they decided to solve the problem by recommending each other, asking Ma Hongkui to recommend Ma Bufang as the military and political governor of the Northwest, and then asking Ma Bufang to recommend Ma Hongkui to serve as the chairman of Gansu Province.
However, Ma Bufang did not want to let go of the position of chairman of Gansu Province and hoped that his son would take over. This made Ma Hongkui very angry and flew directly to Taiwan to cry to Chiang Kai-shek.
Although Chiang Kai-shek was tired of this, he was eventually appointed because Ma Hongkui still had the value of use. This incident made Ma Hongkui see Chiang Kai-shek's attitude clearly: "Old Chiang only gave the order at this time, what was he doing before?"
Therefore, Ma Hongkui did one thing in front of Chiang Kai-shek and another behind his back, ordering his men to exchange his "property" for many years for gold and secretly ship some of it to Hong Kong.
In August 1949, the People's Liberation Army marched into Qinghai, and Ma Bufang was unable to resist, but Ma Hongkui and Ma Bufang, located in Ningxia, had a long-standing grudge and were unwilling to send troops to support.
Yan Xishan summoned Erma in Guangzhou, and Ma Hongkui promised in person that he would return to Lanzhou with Ma Bufang and advance and retreat together. However, Ma Hongkui did not believe his words, and returned to Ningxia by plane, and the reason given was: "If we go to Lanzhou with Ma Bufang, he will definitely detain us and force us to send troops to support."
In this case, we will either die at the hands of the Communist Party or at the hands of Ma Bufang. After returning to Ningxia, Ma Hongkui watched as Ma Bufang's Lanzhou was surrounded by the People's Liberation Army.
After receiving Ma Bufang's request for help, Ma Hongkui sent troops to pretend to support in order not to arouse criticism from others, but in fact he just wanted to get close to Ma Bufang's failure.
On August 26, Lanzhou was liberated, Ma Hongkui gloated in Ningxia, and he was very happy to see his old opponent Ma Bufang being beaten to the ground. Ma Hongkui realized that the People's Liberation Army would come to Ningxia sooner or later, and he was definitely not an opponent of the People's Liberation Army, so he decided to prepare as soon as possible.
When the People's Liberation Army was about to capture Yinchuan, Ma Hongkui began to prepare for himself. He bought a lot of properties in Taipei, Hong Kong, and the United States, among other places, and put 75 tons** shipped to the United States.
Ma Hongkui was not a close confidant of Chiang Kai-shek, and the Communist Party hoped to peacefully liberate Ningxia and establish a united front for the sake of the overall situation. On the eve of the liberation of Ningxia, ** personally invited Fu Zuoyi to come forward and do Ma Hongkui's ideological work to express the sincerity of our party.
However, Ma Hongkui did not appreciate it, he ordered his subordinates to defend it to the death, and issued a policy of "lighting, burning, and releasing water". However, Ma Hongkui had a premonition that he was about to fail, and on September 1 handed over the military and political power of Ningxia to his second son Ma Dunjing, and then fled to Chongqing with his family of more than 20 people under the pretext of Chiang Kai-shek's summons.
On September 19, the People's Liberation Army launched an attack, and the battle was resolved in only three days, and the main force of the Ningxia Army was completely wiped out. Ma Dunjing left the rest of the troops behind and flew to Chongqing alone to find Ma Hongkui.
After a long period of deliberation, the father and son were still unable to find a foolproof solution to Chiang Kai-shek's accountability. Therefore, they decided to temporarily hide in a private house in Lianjia Garden, 20 kilometers from downtown Chongqing.
However, it didn't take long for the private house to be heavily surrounded by Kuomintang troops. On the morning of October 5, 1949, the private house of Lianjia Garden, 20 kilometers away from the downtown area of Chongqing, was suddenly surrounded by heavy troops of the Kuomintang army.
Chiang Kai-shek's chamberlain, Yu Jishi, led a team into the house, controlled the guards in the courtyard, and occupied the main roads and commanding heights in the courtyard.
At this moment, Ma Hongkui was lying on the bed pretending to be sick, feeling uneasy. After a while, Jiang Jingguo and Qian Dajun hurried to his bedroom and told him: "The president and Dean Yan will come to visit you soon, have a good rest, and don't need to get up to greet you."
An hour later, Chiang Kai-shek and Yan Xishan arrived at Ma's house in a black extended Lincoln and walked straight to the bedroom. Before they could enter the door, there was a sudden loud noise, Ma Hongkui jumped out of bed, hugged Chiang Kai-shek's leg and cried bitterly: "I'm sorry for the president, I'm sorry for the party-state, I'm a sinner......."Everyone present panicked, Chiang Kai-shek stopped the guards who stepped forward to stop him, and said to Ma Hongkui with a displeased face: "Don't be like this, don't be like this, I am also responsible for not fighting well."
Yan Xishan also chimed in and said, "It's okay, failure is the mother of success, let's start all over again." ”
Ma Hongkui's mood gradually calmed down, and he insisted on reporting the military situation to Chiang Kai-shek, but was stopped by Chiang Kai-shek's impatience, and simply inquired about his condition.
Before leaving, Chiang Kai-shek suddenly said coldly to Ma Hongkui: "You'd better go to Taiwan to recuperate." This sentence is exactly what Ma Hongkui wanted, he originally came to Chongqing with the determination to follow Chiang Kai-shek to Taiwan.
Until then, he had been worried about whether Chiang Kai-shek would allow him to go to Taiwan, and now that he had received an affirmative answer, he breathed a sigh of relief and did not have to worry about his life, at least for the time being.
However, when he traveled to Taiwan with his family, Chiang Kai-shek issued an order not to allow him to fly on the plane of the Flying Tigers. When Ma Hongkui heard this, he shouted angrily: "You just don't trust me, and you are afraid that I will collude with the Americans!"
He sighed deeply, looked up at the sky, and said with emotion: "The defeated generals are not even as good as chickens and dogs!."”
On October 13, Ma Hongkui took his family and a lot of wealth on a 60-seater passenger plane worth 1,700 silver dollars from Chongqing to Taipei. On the morning of the next day, Chen Cheng, Peng Mengzhi and others warmly welcomed Ma Hongkui's arrival at Taipei Airport.
Seeing their enthusiasm, Ma Hongkui mistakenly thought that the Kuomintang had forgiven his previous behavior and that he could start over in Taiwan. So, he prepared rich gifts and planned to visit Chen Cheng, Peng Mengji, Guo Jiqiao and other generals under Chiang Kai-shek's lineage one by one.
However, when they came to Guo Jiqiao's house with gifts to celebrate the housewarming, they were thrown out by Guo Jiqiao with gifts. This is undoubtedly a great shame for Ma Hongkui, but because of the current situation, he can only swallow his anger and eat Coptis chinensis dumbly.
Doubly unlucky, when they returned to their lodgings, they were disarmed and driven out of the country by a group of soldiers. Fortunately, Ma Hongkui had bought five houses in Taipei, and when they packed up and moved in, they found that all the ** lines had been cut and they had lost contact with the outside world.
If Ma Hongkui couldn't understand the meaning of this message, he would have lived for 58 years in vain, he knew that this was Guo Jiqiao's order, but he couldn't do anything about it, so he could only endure it silently.
Regarding the grievances between Guo Jiqiao and Ma Hongkui, it can be traced back to 1948. The feud between Ma Hongkui and Guo Jiqiao originated in April 1948 with the Kuomintang **, Chiang Kai-shek trying to support Sun Ke, and Li Zongren hoping to become the leader, and the contradictions between the two sides reached a white-hot level.
Bai Chongxi, as Li Zongren's good brother for many years, naturally tried his best to canvass for Li Zongren, among them, Ma Hongkui was the one who was pulled away by Bai Chongxi.
Li Zhongren was successfully elected as deputy **, which made Chiang Kai-shek very dissatisfied. By December, with the successive defeats of the Kuomintang army and the defeat of the three major battles, the Americans, disillusioned with Chiang Kai-shek, began to secretly support Li Zongren, pinning their hopes of saving the Kuomintang on him.
With Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi in the background, they became more presumptuous, and they once again wooed Ma Hongkui, hoping that he could drive away Guo Jiqiao, Chiang Kai-shek's descendant in the northwest and the chairman of Gansu Province at that time.
Of course, Ma Hongkui was very happy, because he could take this opportunity to expand his power, and he was not Chiang Kai-shek's descendant in the first place, and he was not afraid of offending Chiang Kai-shek again.
At the end of January 1949, Guo Jiqiao held a tea party and invited people from all walks of life to participate, and Ma Hongkui also received an invitation.
Guo Jiqiao has great respect for Ma Hongkui, and he invited Ma Hongkui to speak after his speech. However, Ma Hongkui exposed Guo Jiqiao's work in Gansu on the spot and criticized it as useless, which made Guo Jiqiao very angry.
Since then, Ma Hongkui has teamed up with Li Zongren to attack Guo Jiqiao many times, often embarrassing Guo Jiqiao in public. In desperation, Guo Jiqiao was forced to resign, left the mainland gloomily, and went to Taiwan.
The first thing he did was to complain to Chiang Kai-shek, giving a detailed account of what Ma Hongkui had done. At the beginning, after the loss of Lanzhou, Ma Bufang also came to Taiwan, and he blamed Ma Hongkui for the defeat.
Therefore, when Ma Hongkui was defeated, Chiang Kai-shek was full of disgust, and Guo Jiqiao targeted him like this.
Ma Hongkui originally planned to live in Taiwan, although life was a little depressing, they could bear it. However, in early November 1949, the Taiwan authorities began to liquidate Ma Hongkui's behavior, accusing him of withdrawing troops without authorization, causing heavy losses to friendly forces, and at the same time ineffective rescue, so it was decided to remove him from his post and investigate.
At that time, there were many generals who came to Taiwan after the defeat, but Ma Hongkui was the only one who was investigated. This made Ma Hongkui unbearable, and publicly accused Li Zongren, Bai Chongxi, Guo Jiqiao and others, saying that they were fake public and private, and reversed right and wrong.
On the surface, Ma Hongkui was accusing these people, but in fact he was insinuating, because Taiwan was Chiang Kai-shek's world at that time. Ma Hongkui was disappointed in Chiang Kai-shek, and when he heard that Ma Bufang had left Taiwan, he immediately began to prepare and waited for an opportunity to leave Taiwan.
In order to get rid of Taiwan, Ma Hongkui arranged for his fourth aunt Liu Muxia to go to Hong Kong for medical treatment on the grounds of illness, and took this opportunity to leave. Difficulties were encountered during the implementation and had to turn to the American Chennault.
Under Chennault's persuasion, Chiang Kai-shek agreed to Ma Hongkui's departure to the United States, but asked him to no longer participate in politics. In May 1951, Ma Hongkui arrived in the United States with his family.
Upon arrival in the United States, Ma Hongkui immediately forgot his promise and moved into his mansion in San Francisco. In order to restore relations with Chiang Kai-shek, he held several press conferences to show solidarity with Chiang Kai-shek and ask for assistance.
When Ma Hongkui learned of this, he was not grateful, but blamed Chiang Kai-shek for meddling. From then on, he decided to pursue a career in business and live a life of ease. However, the old contradiction between his fourth aunt Liu Muxia and his fifth aunt Zou Deyi broke out again, and the two quarreled endlessly.
Liu Muxia was originally an actor, but later because of his relationship with Song Meiling, his status was greatly improved, and he was in charge of the family's finances, and he was often arbitrary.
And Zou Deyi is Ma Hongkui's former secretary and is very talented. The conflict this time was mainly because Liu Muxia was jealous that Zou Deyi was young and favored, so she stuck her pocket money.
The relationship between Ma Hongkui and Liu Muxia and Zou Deyi was tense for a while, and later because of Zou Deyi's empathy for the American professor, he proposed to Ma Hongkui to break up, Ma Hongkui agreed and gave a breakup fee, and the relationship between the two parties was eased.
However, Ma Hongkui brought 75 tons ** were consumed by dotting all the way, and Liu Muxia could only teach Chinese in a Chinese primary school in Chinatown during his illness. At this time, Ma Hongkui's second son Ma Dunjing and the eldest son Ma Dunhou's son had a dispute over the ownership of property.
Ma Dunjing expressed dissatisfaction with Ma Hongkui's handling of the situation, and therefore sued his father in court, which attracted everyone's attention. On January 14, 1970, Ma Hongkui died on a small farm in a foreign country at the age of 79.
Before he died, he was still talking about going home.