The pipa is the first plucked instrument, do you know?Let's take a look!
Pipa, is the first plucked instrument, is a plucked string instrument, developed from the Qin Dynasty's "string north drum", this work "batch".
The pipa is made of wood, the speaker is semi-pear-shaped, and the top is equipped with four strings, which was originally made of silk thread, but now it is mostly made of steel wire, steel rope and nylon. The neck and panel are set to determine the "phase" and "fret" of the phoneme. When playing, it is an important national instrument that can be played solo, accompaniment, ensemble and ensemble. The word "pipa" in the word "pipa" means "two jades collide and make a pleasant sound", indicating that this is a musical instrument that makes sound by playing the strings. Its name "pipa" and "pipa" are derived from the right-handed technique used to play these instruments. In other words, pipa and pipa are the names of two playing techniques, pite is played forward with the right hand, and pipa is picked backward by the right hand.
The biwa is composed of a "head" and a "body", and the head includes string grooves, string shafts, mountain passes, etc. The body includes phase, taste, speaker, hand cover and other parts.
The head of the pipa consists of a "string groove", four "strings", and a "yamaguchi".
The upper end of the pipa is also called the "neck", that is, the "phase", the upper end of the neck is called the "pillow", and the middle and lower parts are the "taste", and the phase and the product are called "columns" in ancient times, which is a phonemic device. The middle and lower parts of the body are narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, and the bottom is semicircular and hollow, that is, the speaker;The grade is glued to the "panel" made of sycamore board, and the four strings are tied to the four small holes at the lower end of the "covering hand", and there is a small hole in the panel at the covering hand, which is called "Nayin" or "sound hole". The back of the body is called the "pipa back", the upper end of the back is connected with the head, the middle and lower part of the back is bonded with the panel, and there are two rungs and several sound columns in the abdomen, which are placed in a certain part;The back material is made of red sandalwood, black material, old mahogany, rosewood, fragrant mahogany, etc., and the white wood is a popular product, because red sandalwood, mahogany and other woods are good at making natural overtones in playing.
The pipa is composed of six phases and twenty-four frets to form a wide range of twelve equal temperaments. One of the strings is steel wire, and the second string is two.
The third and fourth strings are steel rope nylon winding strings. The sound of the pipa is very special, and its overtones are in the first place among all kinds of musical instruments in ancient and modern China and foreign countries, not only with large volume, but also with crisp and bright sound quality. At the same time, the fundamental tone emitted by the pipa is accompanied by rich overtones, which can make the sound of the piano attenuate in the propagation, and have strong penetrating power, and when playing in a calm and open area, the sound of the piano when playing heavy accents with it can be transmitted.
Two or three miles away.
The sound of a high-quality pipa is strong penetrating (attenuation is reduced, and it travels far). The treble is bright and rigid, the midrange is soft and moist, and the bass is rich. In Bai Juyi's poem "Pipa Xing", it is depicted that "the big strings are noisy like torrential rain, the small strings are cut like whispers, the noisy cutting is miscellaneous, and the big beads and small beads fall on the jade plate", "the silver bottle bursts through the water slurry, and the iron rider highlights the sound of knives and guns." At the end of the song, be careful to stroke, and the four strings sound like cracked silk" is no longer the poet's artistic exaggeration, but a veritable performance effect of the contemporary pipa.
An instrument made by chance.
The invention of the Theremin was born out of an accident when a Soviet physicist named Telmen intended to invent an instrument for measuring the density of gases. As a result, in the course of his work, he found that the sound produced by the instrument fluctuated not only with the density of the gas, but also with the position of the hand.
He simply waved his hand in the air, and the pitch of his voice changed, and a new timbre was produced—an eerie sound that trembled incessantly.
The principle of the performance of the Theremin is that the player's hand and antenna form a capacitor, and the position of the hand changes, and the size of the capacitance changes, thus changing the frequency and magnitude of the oscillator that senses this change—and thus changing the pitch and magnitude of the sound.
How a Theremin works.
A legendary instrument full of doubts.
The strange sound quality of this instrument is favored by American horror and science fiction film producers.
Every time I hear this voice, I can feel:
He's coming, he's coming!The big-headed alien is coming to the melody of the Theremin!
However, its rendering of the mysterious and terrifying atmosphere is only the tip of the iceberg of its character, and the Theremin can also be as tender as "visible" strings.
I once remembered that Mr. Huang Lei said, "The violin is the highest level of all musical instruments, the most powerful and the most beautiful, it is very much like a single person." The piano is also beautiful, but it is always not as delicate and easy to express as the violin's feelings. If so, then the Theremin not only has the same melodious and weeping voice as the violin, but also has a more mysterious and invisible temperament than the violin.
The blend of air and fingers makes the emotion of the performance more delicate and deeper. It can play the romantic classic "Moon River", as well as Debussy's calm and tranquil "Moonlight", the Theremin, and indulge in silky smoothness!