New energy vehicles are a low-carbon, environmentally friendly and efficient way of travel, which is more and more favored by people. However, the performance of new energy vehicles in cold weather has troubled some car owners. New energy vehicles are more common in winter, the cruising range shrinks, and even cannot be charged and discharged. Why is that?How to maintain new energy vehicles in winter?We will introduce you to some winter maintenance tips for new energy vehicles from the following aspects, so that you can use the car more easily in winter.
1. Maintain the battery temperature.
The battery is the core component of new energy vehicles, and it is also the most afraid of cold. Generally speaking, the best operating temperature range of the battery is 20 30, in an environment below 0, the internal resistance of the battery increases, the charging and discharging capacity decreases, the cruising range shrinks, and even the situation that it cannot be charged and discharged.
The main reasons for the poor low-temperature performance of the battery are:
1.The viscosity of the electrolyte increases and the conductivity decreases, which affects the migration rate of lithium ions in the liquid phase
2.The electrolyte electrode boundary impedance and charge transfer impedance increase, which affects the intercalation and deintercalation reaction of lithium ions in the solid phase
3.The migration rate of lithium ions in the cathode and anode materials decreases, which affects the charging and discharging rate of the battery.
In order to maintain the temperature of the battery, there are several measures we can take:
1.Try to park your vehicle indoors or use the vehicle's preheating function to keep your vehicle warm
2.Try to charge as you go, and fully charge to ensure the activity and capacity of the battery
3.Try to charge in a warm environment, such as underground parking lots, closed garages, etc., or during sunny days in winter, which can help improve battery activity, reduce range loss, improve charging efficiency, and save time;
4.Try to charge and preheat the battery before driving, which can avoid the situation of the battery "running out" and improve the efficiency of the battery.
2. Save power consumption.
The electric energy consumption of new energy vehicles in winter will be much higher than usual, mainly because of the following reasons:
1.In winter, turning on defrosting, heating and other electrical appliances will consume a lot of electrical energy and affect the cruising range
2.In winter, due to the low temperature, high air density, increased wind resistance, and increased driving resistance of the vehicle, more electrical energy will also be consumed
3.In winter, due to the slippery road surface, the friction coefficient of the tires is reduced, and the braking energy efficiency of the vehicle is reduced, which will also affect the utilization rate of electric energy.
In order to save electricity consumption, we can take several measures:
1.Use the defrost and heating system wisely, and in the case of a terminal, parking lot or empty car, it is recommended to turn off the heating system, or lower the temperature setting, which can save some power and ensure the cruising range;
2.Develop good driving Xi, pay attention to slow acceleration, smooth driving, avoid sudden acceleration, sudden deceleration, sudden turning, sudden braking and other violent driving modes, which can reduce the loss of electric energy and improve the utilization rate of electric energy;
3.Use ECO (Energy Saving) mode and Braking Energy** mode to improve your vehicle's energy efficiency, reduce wasted energy and extend range.
3. Clean and inspect the vehicle.
In addition to the maintenance of batteries and electric energy, new energy vehicles should also pay attention to the cleaning and inspection of vehicles in winter to ensure the safety and performance of vehicles. Here are a few things we can do:
1.Clean your tires. In winter, the tire rubber will become hard and brittle, and the coefficient of friction will also decrease. So the tire pressure can't be too high, but it can't be too low either. Soft tires with too low air pressure will accelerate aging at low temperatures, increase friction with the ground, and reduce the service life of tires. In addition, be sure to clean up the inclusions in the tread pattern, try to avoid using tires that have been patched multiple times, and replace tires with large wear and different brands with different patterns
2.Replace your snow tires. In areas where roads are prone to icing, snow tires should be replaced to improve driving safety. The pattern of snow tires is deeper and denser, which is more conducive to removing snow water, increasing friction with the road surface, and improving the grip and stability of the vehicle
3.Replace the special antifreeze glass water. In winter, ordinary glass water is used, which is easy to freeze at low temperatures, which affects the cleaning of the glass and the clarity of sight. Therefore, the special antifreeze glass water should be replaced to prevent the glass water from freezing, to ensure the cleanliness of the glass and the clear sight;
4.Check your vehicle's lights, brakes, wipers, and other components. In winter, due to the gloomy weather and insufficient light, the lights of the vehicles are more important, and the brightness and direction of the lights should be checked in time to ensure the safety of driving. The brake is also an important part of winter driving, and it is necessary to check the wear of the brake pads and the fluid level of the brake fluid to ensure that the brake is sensitive and effective. The wiper should also be checked for dry cracking or deformation, and replaced in time to ensure that the wiper is clean and smooth.
As long as you pay attention to the above aspects, you can keep your new energy vehicles in good condition in winter and make your travel more comfortable and safe.