How to grow peppers and harvest well?Learn to tune one, protect two, avoid three, and harvest year after year!
Methods to control the vigorous growth of pepper plants.
The vigorous growth of pepper plants can lead to delayed and reduced flowering and fruiting of peppers, as well as problems such as insect infestation and plant lodging. To control the growth of pepper plants, we can start with fertilizer and water.
1.1. Control the amount of fertilizer and avoid excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer. Excessive nitrogen fertilizer application can lead to over-growth of peppers, less flowering and less fruiting. Especially at the seedling stage, the amount of fertilizer should be reduced to avoid overnutrient overgrowth and poor root development.
Amplification: Pepper has little demand for nitrogen fertilizer, and too much fertilization will make the green leaves of the plant grow too luxuriantly, resulting in poor flower bud differentiation and affecting flowering and fruiting. In the fertilization process, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer should be moderately reduced, and moderate organic fertilizers, such as animal manure and well-rotted farmhouse fertilizer, should be selected, which can provide the nutrients needed by peppers without overstimulating growth. In addition, compound fertilizers with appropriate ratios of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium can also be selected to maintain a balanced plant growth.
1.2 Control the amount of watering to avoid overnutrition and poor root development. Overwatering can lead to over-growth of peppers and poor root development, which in turn affects flowering and fruiting.
Amplification: The amount of watering should be reasonably controlled according to the growth stage of peppers and the humidity of the environment. At the seedling stage, the number and amount of watering should be appropriately reduced, and the appropriate soil moisture should be maintained to promote the growth and development of the root system. During the fruit development period, it is necessary to avoid both drought and excessive humidity to prevent the occurrence of root diseases.
1.3. Use pruning to control the vigorous growth of plants. For large-fruited peppers, keep three to four main fruiting branches and cut off the others, which is conducive to flowering and fruiting.
Extension: Pruning is a common method to control the vigorous growth of pepper plants. By cutting off the excess shoots, the vigorous growth of the plant can be adjusted, so that the nutrients and water of the pepper are more concentrated** on the main stem and fruit, thus promoting flowering and fruiting. The best time to prune is in the early stages after the peppers start to bear fruit. By cutting off side branches, leaves, and flower buds, the burden on pepper plants can be reduced, and fruit development and growth can be promoted.
1.4. Urea fertilizer should be increased in late autumn. Experienced farmers also mentioned that adding 10 kg of urea per mu during the beginning of the summer solar term can effectively promote the later fruiting of peppers and greatly improve the yield.
Amplification: Urea is an important nitrogen source for the growth and development of peppers, and appropriate application of urea fertilizer can provide the nitrogen needed by peppers to promote plant growth, flowering and fruiting. When fertilizing in late autumn, the appropriate application of urea fertilizer can increase the later fruiting ability of pepper and improve the yield. However, it should be noted that the amount of urea fertilizer should be moderate, and excessive application will lead to excess nutrients and affect the quality of the fruit.
Ways to prevent premature aging of chili peppers.
Peppers have a long fruiting period and should be extended as long as possible to increase yield. To avoid premature senescence of pepper plants, proper fertilization and foliar spraying should be considered.
2.1 Apply potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer. The application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer to pepper plants at the fruiting stage can promote root development and effectively resist the risk of premature senescence, thereby increasing yields.
Amplification: Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is a fertilizer rich in phosphorus and potassium that promotes fruit development and pepper growth. During the fruiting period, spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer can provide the required phosphorus and potassium elements for peppers, promote the development of plant roots, and improve the root absorption capacity, so as to effectively resist the risk of premature aging and prolong the fruiting period.
2.2 Find ternary compound fertilizer. In the young fruit stage, pepper has a large demand for water and nutrients, and if it is insufficient, it is easy to cause flower and fruit drop. Therefore, timely watering combined with the application of ternary compound fertilizer can meet the growth needs of peppers to maintain good flower and fruit development.
Amplification: Pepper has a greater demand for water and nutrients in the young fruit stage, and if it is insufficient, it is easy to fall flowers and fruits. Therefore, it is necessary to increase watering at the young fruit stage and apply ternary compound fertilizer at the same time. The ternary compound fertilizer contains sufficient amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients, which can meet the growth needs of peppers and promote the normal development and growth of flowers and fruits.
How to preserve flowers and fruits.
Even if the pepper plant has more flowers and fruits, if there are many flowers and fruits, it will affect the yield. To keep peppers flowering and fruiting, we can start by controlling the cultivation density and fertilizing reasonably.
3.1 Control the cultivation density. To avoid over-dense pepper planting, the row spacing should be controlled at 40 to 50 cm and the plant spacing should be controlled at 30 to 40 cm. If cultivated too closely, pepper plants will be too closed, which can easily lead to flower and fruit drops.
Amplification: The planting density of peppers is very important for flower and fruit preservation. If the planting density of pepper is too large, the competition between plants will cause the pepper to be too closed, and the light cannot fully reach the base and inside, which will affect the flower bud differentiation and fruit development, thereby increasing the risk of flower and fruit drop. Therefore, reasonable control of plant density and adjustment of plant spacing can provide sufficient light and ventilation conditions, reduce competition between plants, and be conducive to the retention and growth of flowers and fruits.
3.2 Proper fertilization. In the young fruit stage, pepper has a large demand for water and nutrients, and if it is insufficient, it is easy to cause flower and fruit drop. Therefore, during the fruit development period, ternary compound fertilizer should be applied in a timely manner to meet the water and nutrient requirements of peppers.
Amplification: In order to keep peppers flowering and fruiting, adequate fertilizer must be applied. During the fruit development period, pepper has a great demand for water and nutrients, and if it is insufficient, it is easy to cause flower and fruit drop. Therefore, timely application of ternary compound fertilizer can supplement the nutrients required by pepper and promote the development and growth of fruits. The best time to apply compound fertilizer is at the beginning of fruit formation, by spreading the fertilizer evenly on the soil surface around the plant and then gently plowing into the soil so that the plant can absorb it.
Contraindicated cultivation methods.
When growing chili peppers, there are some taboos that must be avoided to ensure the health of the plant.
4.1 Avoid intensive cultivation. Chili peppers belong to the Solanaceae family, and intensive cultivation can lead to the accumulation of pathogens in the soil, increasing the risk of disease. Plots that have not been planted with lycopene vegetables for 2 to 3 years should be selected for planting.
Amplification: Intensive cultivation leads to a gradual increase in pathogens and pests in the soil, increasing the risk of disease in pepper plants. Therefore, intensive cultivation should be avoided when growing chili peppers, and it is best to choose land that has not been planted with lycopene vegetables after 2 to 3 years to reduce the accumulation of pathogens and pests in the soil.
4.2 Avoid over-fertilizing. Although chili peppers need the right amount of fertilizer to provide nutrients, excessive fertilization can cause peppers to grow too vigorously, which can easily cause pests and diseases and plant lodging problems. Therefore, it is necessary to control the amount of fertilizer used during the fertilization process and avoid over-fertilization.
Amplification: Peppers do not have high requirements for fertilizer and only need the right amount of nutrients. Excessive fertilization stimulates overgrowth, increases the risk of pests and diseases, and increases the likelihood of lodging. Therefore, in the process of fertilization, attention should be paid to controlling the amount of fertilizer, and reasonable fertilization should be applied according to the growth stage and environmental conditions of peppers, so as to avoid excessive fertilization.
4.3 Avoid overwatering. Excessive watering can lead to poor root development of peppers, affecting the healthy growth of plants. Therefore, the amount of water should be controlled when watering and a moderate amount of soil moisture should be maintained.
Extension: Peppers have a moderate water requirement, and too much water can lead to root stunted development and root diseases. At the same time, too much water can easily lead to insufficient oxygen, which affects the respiration and nutrient absorption of plants. Therefore, attention should be paid to controlling the amount of water during the watering process, watering reasonably according to the growth stage of the pepper and the environmental humidity, and maintaining moderate soil moisture.
4.4 Avoid applying plant ash. Pepper prefers weakly acidic soil, and the application of plant ash will increase soil alkalinity and affect the growth and development of pepper. Therefore, the application of plant ash should be avoided when planting peppers.
Amplification: Peppers are very demanding on the soil and prefer soil rich in organic matter, well-drained, and moderate pH. The application of plant ash will increase the alkalinity of the soil, affect the acid-base balance of the soil, and thus affect the growth and development of peppers. Therefore, the application of plant ash should be avoided when planting peppers. If the soil is acidic, it can be adjusted with other acidity regulators to meet the growth needs of peppers.