Sun Bin (year of birth and death unknown), a descendant of Sun Wu, a representative of the military family, a Qi ** family during the Warring States Period, the author of "Sun Bin Art of War", named Sun Bin because he was tortured. Sun Bin and Pang Juan worshiped Guiguzi as a teacher, suffered torture by Pang Juan**, physically disabled, and then defected to Qi with the help of the envoy of Qi State, and was appointed as a military advisor by King Qi Wei, assisting Tian Ji, the general of Qi State, to defeat Pang Juan twice, and won the Battle of Guiling and the Battle of Maling, laying the hegemony of Qi State, and the story of Sun Pang Douzhi is widely spread. Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty posthumously honored Sun Bin as Wu Qingbo, and was one of the seventy-two generals of the Song Wu Temple.
Biography of the characterFamily backgroundSun Bin's ancestor is Chen Wan, the son of Chen Guo, Chen Wan's great-grandson Chen Wuyu has a son Chen Shu, because of the crusade against Ju Guo, he was given the surname Sun by Qi Jinggong, renamed Sun Shu, and was sealed in Le'an as a food yi, which is the ancestor of the concubine surnamed Sun. Sun Shu's son Sun Wu was born to Sun Wu, Sun Wu fled to Wu to escape the rebellion of the Chen, Bao, Gao, and Guo clans in Qi State, and had three sons, Sun Chi, Sun Ming and Sun Di. The second son Sun Ming has a son and grandson, Sun Shun has a son and grandson, Sun Ji has a son and grandson, and Sun Cao is the father of Sun Bin. However, the inscription of Sun Renlin's self-described family lineage in the Tang Dynasty records that Sun Bin is a descendant of Wei Wugong. Flee to the country of QiSun Bin was once a classmate with Pang Juan, and the two apprenticed together to learn Xi art of war. Pang Juan later came out of Wei and served as the general of King Wei Hui, but he thought that his talent was not as good as Sun Bin, so he secretly sent someone to invite Sun Bin to Wei to monitor him. After Sun Bin arrived in Wei, Pang Juan was jealous of his talent, so he fabricated charges and sentenced Sun Bin to death and punishment, cut off Sun Bin's feet and tattooed words on his face, trying to bury him in the world. When the envoy of Qi sent to Daliang (present-day Kaifeng City, Henan Province), the capital of Wei State, Sun Bin secretly visited the envoy of Qi as a prisoner and moved him with his words. The envoy of Qi felt that Sun Bin was extraordinary, so he secretly drove him back to Qi by car. Sun Bin, who fled to the State of Qi, was appreciated by Tian Ji, so he lived under Tian Ji as a guest. Tian Ji horse racingTian Ji often raced horses with the princes of Qi and set heavy money as a bet. Sun Bin found that the strength of the horses and feet in the game was about the same, and it could be divided into upper, middle, and lower three, so he suggested that Tian Ji increase the stakes and assured him that he would win. Tian Ji then set up a thousand gold with King Qi Wei and the princes as a bet to compete in horse racing. Sun Bin asked Tian Ji to replace the superior horse with an inferior horse, and the first big defeat was defeated against the superior horse of King Qi WeiLater, Sun Bin asked Tian Ji to replace the medium horse with the superior horse and the medium horse to replace the inferior horse, and competed with the medium horse and the inferior horse of King Qi Wei respectively, and Tian Ji won two wins and one loss, and finally won the gold bet of King Qi Wei, Sun Bin became famous, which revealed an important law in the military: focus on the overall situation, abandon the part, and win by surprise. The method adopted by Sun Bin in the story of "Tian Ji Horse Racing" is regarded as the earliest application of the "strategy theory". Tian Ji recommended Sun Bin to King Qi Wei, who asked him for advice on the art of war and asked him to be his teacher of the art of war. 
Battle of GuilingIn 354 BCE, Zhao attacked Wei's ally, Wei, and captured Qi and Fuqiu (both in present-day Changyuan County, Henan Province), which led to Wei intervention, which sent troops to besiege Zhao's capital Handan (present-day Handan, Hebei Province). The following year, Zhao sent envoys to Qi and Chu for help. King Qi Wei convened his ministers to discuss, but Zou Ji opposed the rescue, while Duan Ganpeng suggested that King Qi Wei divide his troops all the way south to attack Xiangling (present-day Sui County, Henan Province) to fatigue the Wei army, and then take advantage of the Wei army's breakthrough of Handan to rescue Zhao, which not only rescued Zhao, but also weakened Wei and Zhao at the same time. King Qi Wei adopted Duan Ganpeng's suggestion and divided his troops into two routes, one for the Qi army to besiege Xiangling of Wei, and one for Tian Ji and Sun Bin to lead the rescue of Zhao. In 353 B.C., the Qi army divided into two routes, one way to join the troops led by the Song Jingdi and Weiguo Gongsun Cangsuo, and besieged Xiangling of Wei. One route was led by Tian Ji and Sun Bin to rescue Zhao Guo. King Qi Wei intended to make Sun Bin his commander, but Sun Bin refused on the grounds that he had been tortured and was physically disabled. King Qi Wei then appointed Tian Ji as the main general, Sun Bin as the military advisor, and let the car with the tent ** give advice. At this time, the main force of the Wei army had broken through Handan, the capital of Zhao State, Pang Juan led an army of 80,000 to reach Stubble Hill, and then attacked Weiguo, and Tian Ji and Sun Bin led an army of 80,000 to reach the border area of Qi and Wei. Tian Ji wanted to engage the main force of the Wei army directly, but was stopped by Sun Bin. Sun Bin believed that Wei had been attacking Zhao for a long time, the main force was consumed outside, the old and weak were exhausted inside, and the domestic defense was empty, so he should adopt the tactics of attacking the east and attacking the west, encircling Wei to save Zhao, and directly smashing the capital of Wei to force Wei to withdraw its troops, and as soon as Wei withdrew its troops, Zhao was naturally saved. Sun Bin then suggested that Tian Ji go south to feint an attack on Wei's Pingling (now northeast of Dingtao County, Shandong Province), because although the city of Pingling was small, it had a large area under its jurisdiction, a large population, and a strong army, and it was a strategic location in the Dongyang region (referring to the area east of Daliang, the capital of Wei), which was difficult to conquerMoreover, the south of Pingling is the Song State, and the north is the Wei State, and the army has to pass through the city on the way, which is easy to cut off the grain route, and the feint attack here can be very good to confuse the Wei army, causing Pang Juan to have the illusion that the commander of the Qi army is incompetent. Tian Ji adopted Sun Bin's strategy and marched to Pingling. When approaching Pingling, Sun Bin suggested to Tian Ji that the Du Dafu of Linzi (present-day Zibo City, Shandong Province) and Gaotang (present-day Gaotang County, Shandong Province) lead his army to attack Pingling directly to attract the main force of the Wei army. Sun Bin asked Tian Ji to send a lightly armed chariot to the outskirts of Daliang, the capital of Wei, angering Pang Juan and forcing him to lead his army back to helpOn the one hand, Tian Ji sent a small number of troops to pretend to engage Pang Juan's troops, pretending to show weakness to make him underestimate the enemy. Tian Ji complied with Sun Bin's request one by one, and Pang Juan really threw away his baggage, and marched lightly to rescue Daliang day and night. Sun Bin led the main army to set up an ambush in Guiling (southwest of present-day Changyuan County, Henan Province) and captured Pang Juan in one fell swoop. The Battle of Guiling did not defeat the main force of the Wei army, and the Qi State did not officially attack the Wei capital of Daliang, and the Zhao capital Handan remained occupied by the Wei State. In 352 BC, King Hui of Wei called on the Korean army to defeat the combined forces of Qi, Song, and Wei besieging Xiangling, and Qi was forced to ask Jing She, the general of Chu, to mediate, and the countries made a truce. In 351 BC, King Hui of Wei formed an alliance with the Marquis of Zhao Cheng on the banks of the Zhanghe River and withdrew from Handan, the capital of Zhao. Around this time, the State of Qi released Pang Juan and made him return to Wei as a general again. 
Battle of MalingIn 342 BCE, the Wei general Sui Su repelled the armies of the Han general Kong Ye at Nanliang (present-day west of Ruzhou City, Henan Province) and Huo (present-day southwest of Ruzhou City, Henan Province), and Han Zhaohou sent envoys to the Qi state for help. King Qi Wei asked his ministers whether they should save Han as soon as possible or postpone it. Zhang Cheng believed that if he rescued Han later, South Korea would inevitably turn to Wei, and it was better to save Han as soon as possibleTian Ji thought that sending troops while the soldiers of Han and Wei were not tired would be equivalent to being attacked by the Wei army instead of the Han army, but would be subject to Han, so it was better to save Han late and wait for the Wei army to be tired. King Qi Wei agreed with Tian Ji's views very much, and secretly reached an agreement with the Korean envoys, but did not immediately send reinforcements to aid Korea. And South Korea, relying on the assistance of the Qi State, fought against the Wei State and was defeated five times in a row, and had to ask for help from the Qi State. King Qi Wei then sent Tian Ji and Tian Wei as the main generals, Tian Ying as the deputy general, and Sun Bin as the military advisor to lead the army to aid Korea. Sun Bin once again adopted the tactic of besieging Wei to save Zhao, and led his army to attack Daliang, the capital of Wei. When Pang Juan heard the news, he hurriedly withdrew his troops from Korea and returned to Wei, but the Qi army had already marched west by this time. Sun Bin considered that the Wei army would despise the Qi army because of its own bravery, and the Qi army also had a reputation for cowardice, so he should use the tactic of luring the enemy into the ambush circle and annihilate it. Sun Bin ordered the Qi army entering the territory of Wei to bury 100,000 cooking stoves on the first day, reduce it to 50,000 on the second day, and 30,000 on the third day. Pang Juan was very happy after marching for three days to check the stove left by the Qi army, and said: "I knew that the Qi army was cowardly, and it was only three days after entering the territory of Wei, and most of the Qi soldiers had already fled. So he abandoned the infantry and led only the elite cavalry to pursue the Qi army day and night. Sun Bin estimated that Pang Juan could march to Maling in the dark, the road in Maling was narrow, and there were many steep and dangerous obstacles on both sides, so Sun Bin ordered the soldiers to cut off the bark of the big tree next to the road, revealing the white wood, and wrote on the tree "Pang Juan died under this tree", and then ordered 10,000 crossbowmen to ambush on both sides of Maling Road, agreeing that "if you can see fire here in the dark, ten thousand arrows will be fired." Pang Juan really rushed to the bark of the tree that night, and saw the writing on the white wood, so he lit a fire to check. Before the words were finished, the Qi army ambushed thousands of arrows, and the Wei army was in chaos. Pang Juan knew that the defeat was decided, so he drew his sword and killed himself, and said before he died: "Then he became the name of the erector!.""The Qi army pursued the victory, annihilated the Wei army of 100,000 people, and captured the crown prince Shen, the chief general of the Wei state. After this war, the Wei state was greatly damaged and lost its hegemony, while the Qi state dominated the east. 
It's best to goChenghou Zou Ji has always been at odds with Tian Ji. After the Battle of Maling, Sun Bin said to Tian Ji: "Does the general intend to do something big?"Tian Ji didn't know why. Sun Bin said: "It is better for the general not to disarm and return to Qi, but to let the tired and old soldiers defend the main land (southwest of present-day Zibo City, Shandong Province). The roads in the main area are narrow, and vehicles can only pass in turn, colliding and rubbing past. If those tired and old soldiers are allowed to guard the main land, they will be able to treat one as ten, ten as hundred, and one as thousand. Then the general has his back to Mount Tai, there is Jishui on the left, there is Gao Tang on the right, and the baggage can go directly to Gao Wan (now in Huantai County, Shandong Province), and only a light car and war horse can go straight to the Yongmen of Linzi, the capital of Qi State. In this way, the power of Qi can be decided by the general, and Zou Ji must flee at that time, otherwise the general may not be able to return to Qi safely. But Tian Ji did not listen to Sun Bin's advice. Later, Zou Ji sent Gongsun Yue to carry a lot of money to swagger through the market, find someone to divination, and introduce himself: "I am a subordinate of General Tian Ji, and now the general has won three battles and three victories, and his fame is shocking the worldAs soon as the diviners left, Gongsun Yue sent someone to arrest the diviner and verify these words in front of King Qi Wei. Tian Ji panicked when he heard the news and was forced to flee to the state of Chu, where he was later sealed in Jiangnan (the area south of the Yangtze River today) by King Xuan of Chu. Sun Bin also came to Chu with Tian Ji at this time, and it is possible that he went to Tian Ji's fiefdom in Jiangnan with him and devoted himself to writing. Most of the chapters of "The Art of War" were probably completed in the state of Chu. After King Xuan of Qi succeeded to the throne, he learned that Tian Ji had been framed, and recalled Tian Ji to the domestic official to reinstate him, and Sun Bin also returned to Qi at this time. The Taiping Yulan records that Sun Bin once offered King Xuan of Qi a strategy to subdue Yan and Zhao to fight against Qin. Later, Sun Bin returned to his hometown to live in peace. After resigning from the government and living in seclusion, Sun Bin began to write and teach, combining theory and practice, and sorted out the "Sixteen Articles of Sun Bin Art of War" to be handed down. However, Ban Gu's "Book of Han" and Zeng Gong's "Preface to the Warring States Policy" recorded that Sun Bin did not die well. Sun Bin has Sun Sheng, the word Guofu, and serves as the general of the Qin State. According to records, the Sun family of Eastern Wu during the Three Kingdoms period was the descendants of Sun Wu and Sun Bin. 
Sun Bin Art of War"Sun Bin Art of War" is also known as "Qi Sun Tzu", "Han Shu Art and Literature Chronicles" military power and strategy treatise records that Sun Bin wrote "Qi Sun Tzu" 89 articles, four volumes. "The Art of War" has not been recorded in the official historical documents of the past dynasties since the "Book of Sui and the Book of Classics", and it has been lost for nearly 1,700 years, causing many doubts about Sun Wu, Sun Bin and their works in history. In 1972, the bamboo slips of "The Art of War" and "The Art of War" were unearthed at the same time in the Han Tomb of Yinqueshan in Linyi City, Shandong Province, which changed the understanding of the academic community. The existing "Sun Bin Art of War" is compiled from the unearthed bamboo slips, and is divided into two parts, a total of 30 articles. The academic community believes that the first edition is compiled and sorted out by Sun Bin on the basis of his writings and remarksAlthough the content of the second part is similar to that of the first part, there are differences in the style of compilation, and there is no sufficient evidence whether it is written by Sun Bin and his **. 
Sun Bin horse racingSun Bin tasted and learned the art of war with Pang Juan. Pang Juan was in charge of Wei, and he had to be the general of King Hui, and he thought that he could not be as good as Sun Bin, so he summoned Sun Bin as a messenger. In the end, Pang Juan was afraid that he was virtuous, and if he was sick, he would cut off his feet by law and kill him, and he wanted to hide it. The envoy of Qi is like Liang, and Sun Bin sees it as a prisoner and says that it is an envoy of Qi. Qi made it surprising, and stole it with it. Qi will treat Tian Ji with kindness and hospitality. The taboo number and Qi Zhugongzi galloped and shot again. The grandson saw that his horses were not very far apart, and the horses had upper, middle, lower, and senior. So Sun Tzu said that he was jealous and said: "The king shoots hard, and the minister can make the king win." Tian Ji believed it, and shot a thousand gold with the king and the princes. and the question, Sun Tzu said: "Now I will be under the king and the other will be on the other;."Take the king and the other;Take the king in the horse and the other under the horse. "After three generations, Tian Ji won again and again, and died as the king's daughter. So he was jealous of his grandson King Yu Wei. King Wei asked about the art of war, so he thought it was a teacher. How did Sun Bin die
In the Battle of Maling, the Qi army broke the Wei army. The commander of the Wei army, Pang Juan, committed suicide, and the Wei prince was taken prisoner. Qi replaced Wei as the overlord. However, there were contradictions within the Qi State. Prime Minister Zou Ji was jealous of the merits of the general Tian Ji and plotted to frame him for rebellion. Sun Bin once suggested that Tian Ji strike first and catch Zou Ji. However, Tian Ji, who was loyal to Qi Jun in the interests of the country, was afraid of causing civil strife and refused to take action. In the end, Tian Ji was excluded and could not be appointed. Seeing this, Sun Bin felt that it was useless to stay, and after experiencing too many unavoidable killings and fights, he had the intention of retreating. Eventual retirement. One said that following in the footsteps of his teacher Guiguzi led him to retreat from Guigu. One said that he led his subordinates **, while ploughing, while sorting out the art of war.