Winter aquaculture response
Technical Guidelines for the Prevention of Low Temperature Severe Weather Disasters
According to the information released by the Fujian Meteorological Observatory, under the influence of strong cold air, this morning (18th) there was a low temperature and frost weather below 4 in the northern part of Nanping, the northern part of the western part of Ningde, and the western urban area of Sanming. From the night of the 19th, under the influence of a new round of strong cold air, the temperature in the province will drop significantly again. The immunity of aquaculture animals is relatively low in the low temperature environment, and it is easy to have stress reactions and outbreaks of aquaculture diseases. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs' Aquaculture Disease Prevention and Control Expert Committee on the low temperature rain, snow and freezing disaster weather put forward technical guidelines, combined with the actual situation of Fujian Province, put forward the technical guidelines for the prevention of low temperature and severe weather disasters in winter aquaculture in Fujian Province, please do a good job in the corresponding preventive measures.
(1) Pay attention to weather warning information
Pay close attention to winter weather warnings and forecasts, and make emergency preparations in advance. In particular, we should pay close attention to extreme weather such as sudden temperature drops, rain, snow, and freezing in winter, so as to actively respond to aquaculture management under bad weather and take corresponding preventive measures.
(2) Do a good job in anti-freezing inspection of breeding facilities and equipment
Fishery facilities such as fishing rows and farms are reinforced, and the breeding farms with imperfect heating conditions are covered with double-layer plastic film in advance to strengthen the thermal insulation effect of aquaculture facilitiesCheck whether the pond and pond are leaking, check and fill the leakage in time, and carefully observe whether there is ice water separation, and replenish the aquaculture water in timeInspect facilities and equipment such as aquaculture water pipes, and do a good job of anti-freezing and anti-cracking of water pipes in advanceOverhaul the farm's generators, aerators, insulation or heating equipment and devices, and prepare for power outages, oxygen outages and extreme low temperatures caused by bad weatherEstablish a farm duty system, insist on inspecting breeding facilities in the morning and evening, and report the disaster in a timely manner.
(3) Appropriately reserve emergency supplies
Prepare sufficient emergency supplies such as feed, aerators, fuel, generators, disinfectants, disinfection equipment, and rescue tools in advance.
(1) Pond water level management
In winter, aquaculture animals gradually migrate to the middle and lower layers of the pond as the water temperature drops, and new water should be added in advance to raise the water level by 30-50cm. Raising the water level of the pond can not only slow down the rate of decline in water temperature and improve the adaptability of aquatic animals to the environment, but also prevent aquatic animals from causing frostbite or stress reactions due to a sudden drop in water temperature.
(2) Anti-freezing management
In bad winter weather, due to the sudden drop in temperature, it is easy to cause frostbite or even death of aquaculture fish and shrimp, and it is possible to reduce the frostbite and even death of aquaculture animals caused by the sudden drop in temperature by adding greenhouses, filling water to increase temperature, adding obstacles and putting aquatic weeds.
(3) Timely fishing and marketing
Some cultured species, such as tilapia, vannamei shrimp, etc., are prone to frost damage at low temperatures, and even cause a large area of death, when the water temperature is close to the growth limit of the body and the low temperature can not be warmed and insulated on the aquaculture water, it is necessary to seize the time to reach the market specifications of the aquaculture species to catch and market.
(1) Scientific feeding
When the temperature decreases in winter and the immunity of aquaculture animals is low, high-quality feed should be selected for feeding, and immune enhancers should be added to the feed regularly to enhance the physique of farmed fish and shrimp and improve their disease resistance. At the same time, according to the scientific control of different breeding species, the digestion capacity of breeding animals is reduced at low temperatures, and the principle of timely and appropriate amount should be grasped to avoid waste and affect the water quality.
(2) Water quality management
As the temperature drops, a large number of algae will die, and the decomposition of dead algae will lead to a significant increase in toxic and harmful substances in ponds, and may even lead to the poisoning of farmed fish and shrimp. It is necessary to strengthen the management of water quality, especially the cage aquaculture in the reservoir area, do a good job in the prevention of low dissolved oxygen in the waters, appropriately open the aerator, increase the exchange of upper and lower water, and eliminate toxic and harmful substances in a timely manner, so as to avoid the outbreak of hypoxia and diseases caused by the deterioration of the water body.
(3) Disinfection
In the production operations such as pulling nets, merging ponds, transferring, and seed stocking, try to avoid injuries to farmed animals. Strict disinfection must be carried out after production operations to prevent pathogenic infection.
(4) Disease prevention and control
Bad weather in winter can easily lead to the outbreak of fish frostbite and low-temperature diseases such as water mold and melon worm disease, and immune enhancers are added to the bait to achieve the purpose of disease prevention and control. Once the disease occurs, it is necessary to find the right medicine, and do not use drugs blindly, so as not to cause greater losses.
*: Fujian Water Technology Cloud.
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