"Uremia" is known as the "second cancer", which refers to a series of autotoxic symptoms caused by endocrine dysfunction caused by the accumulation of metabolites and the disorder of water, electrolytes and acid-base balance when acute or chronic renal insufficiency develops to a severe stage.
Due to the strong compensatory function of the kidneys, most patients do not feel anything in the early stage of kidney lesions, and even if some patients have fatigue, edema, poor appetite and other discomforts, most of them are attributed to fatigue, sub-health, etc., and rarely think that there may be problems with the kidneys.
When you go to the doctor for symptoms of renal insufficiency such as hypertension and anemia, the kidney function is often lost and it has developed to the uremia stage. If you are unfortunate enough to suffer from "uremia", there is no need to panic.
Although there is still no drug that can completely "uremia", as long as you cooperate with the doctor, "uremia" is not terrible.
There are currently two common methods of "uremia":
1. Kidney transplantation, 2. Dialysis.
Dialysis can be divided into hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Each of them has its own advantages and disadvantages, and patients can choose a reasonable plan according to their own life and work needs and the doctor's advice.
1. Kidney transplantation.
Kidney transplantation is the transplantation of a normal person's kidney to a patient who has lost kidney function, and is an effective means of "uremia". A successful kidney transplant can eliminate the need for dialysis and is more effective than peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis** for uremia and its complications. Transplant patients experience fewer restrictions and a higher quality of life than dialysis patients.
Most patients feel better and more physically active than they did on dialysis. But the process of finding the right transplanted kidney is complex, requiring a variety of tests and long waits. Kidney transplants are expensive and not affordable for every family.
In addition, transplant patients must continue to use immunosuppressive drugs after surgery to prevent rejection of the transplanted kidney, which has the highest risk of infection and cancer. Transplanted kidneys don't last forever, and younger patients may need two or more transplants over the course of their lives.
2. Dialysis. Dialysis is the process of removing excess water and metabolic waste from the body through the kidneys that are not autologous. Generally, it can be divided into hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis.
1. HemodialysisHemodialysis is simply the process of relying on the "hemodialysis machine" to remove excess water and toxins from the blood.
The advantage of hemodialysis is that it is fast and effective, and it can remove the accumulated toxins from the body in a very short time. And the cost of each dialysis is small, which is suitable for the vast majority of patients.
However, hemodialysis also has its disadvantages, hemodialysis patients generally need to go to the hospital for dialysis 2 to 3 times a week according to their condition, and the ** time is 4 hours each time. On dialysis days, you need to travel back and forth between home and hospital, and on non-dialysis days, you need to strictly control your diet to avoid serious water and electrolyte imbalances.
In addition, hemodialysis requires the establishment of a suitable dialysis pathway, and there is still no perfect dialysis access once and for all. Dialysis patients often need to maintain their dialysis access multiple times throughout their lives.
2. Peritoneal dialysis.
Peritoneal dialysis is a type of dialysis that uses the body's own peritoneum to remove toxins from the body.
The exchange of solutes and water between the dialysate infused into the peritoneal cavity and the plasma components in the peritoneal capillaries removes retained metabolites and excess water from the body. Through continuous renewal of peritoneal dialysis fluid, the purpose of renal replacement is achieved.
The advantage is that you can be at home by yourself**, which provides some convenience for some patients who are far away from the hospital. In addition, it can provide opportunities for some students and staff to continue their studies, Xi and work.
The disadvantage is that the patient needs to master some basic medical knowledge, such as strict aseptic procedures, because once the patient is not hygienic, there is a risk of abdominal infection, and in severe cases, the dialysis method may need to be changed.
Finally, in order to avoid "sudden" uremia, it is recommended that the elderly, obese, high blood pressure, diabetes, hepatitis, long-term heavy medication and people at high risk of kidney disease with chronic kidney disease at home have regular medical check-ups to reduce the pain caused by the disease.
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