The Red Sea plays an important role in the maritime industry, playing a key role in Asia and Europe as a shipping corridor connecting the Mediterranean Sea to the Gulf of Aden. The Red Sea accounts for about 14% of global shipping** and is one of the world's most important shipping corridors.
As a transportation hub in Asia and Europe, the Red Sea mainly carries key functions such as Europe's import and export, the Black Sea's grain exports to North Africa, and China's exports to Europe in East and Southeast Asia. In addition, the Red Sea is directly linked to the Suez Canal, which is essential for freedom of navigation. However, if the Red Sea Suez shipping route is suspended, the impact on Europe will be even more pronounced. Therefore, the position of the Red Sea in the maritime industry cannot be ignored.
Port of Jeddah (Sajed).
Located on the Red Sea coast, the Port of Jeddah is the largest container port in Saudi Arabia.
The port stretches out in a rectangular shape along the north and south of the coast, and there are the middle thrust embankment and the island valley breakwater that stretch out from the east bank to enclose the port into a harbor pool, and there is a middle thrust embankment that stretches out from the east bank is facing the entrance and is divided into a north and south port basin. There are more than 50 berths, and the wharf is equipped with good loading and unloading equipment, with cement silos, grain silos and other warehouses, container yards, etc.
Loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, movable cranes, gantry cranes, container cranes, portal vacuum suction pipes for unloading ships, conveyors, forklifts and ro-ro facilities, among which the maximum lifting capacity of movable cranes is 40 tons. Loading and unloading efficiency: 6,000 tons per day for bulk cement, 5,000 tons per day for packaged cement, and 200 tons per hour for grain. The main export goods are petroleum, skins and general cargo, and the import goods are mainly cement, food, vehicles and industrial products. The main targets are the United States, Japan, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany and South Korea.
Port Sudan (SDPZU).
Port Sudan is located in the western part of the southern Red Sea and is the main port of Sudan.
There are 14 main berths in the port area, with a shoreline length of 2,381m and a maximum water depth of 12m. The loading and unloading equipment includes various shore cranes, movable cranes, coal loaders, forklifts, tugboats and ro-ro facilities, among which the movable cranes have a maximum lifting capacity of 54 tons. The port area has a storage yard area of 170,000 square meters, a barrel grain depot capacity of 50,000 tons, and a maximum reliability of 350,000 dwt oil tanker.
Loading and unloading efficiency: **1000 tons per hour, 2800 tons per hour. The water depth of the large anchorage is up to 25m. The annual cargo throughput is about 8 million tons. The main export goods are flowers, skins, cotton, oil cakes, melon seeds, cottonseeds, cattle, sheep and petroleum products, etc., and the import goods mainly include grain, cotton fabrics, ironware, hemp, tea, flour, sugar and groceries. On holidays such as Independence Day, Byran Day, Muhammad New Year, Revolution Day and Christmas Day, overtime is allowed on all other holidays.
Port of Djibouti (DJJIB).
The port of Djibouti is located at the southern entrance to the Red Sea. It is an important port for transshipment of goods in Ethiopia. Major exports include coffee, beans, oilseeds and oil cakes, hides and leathers, while most imports include manufactured goods. **The target is France, Ethiopia, Japan, Italy, Saudi Arabia, the United States, Thailand and China, of which France accounts for about 50% and 30% of Djibouti's exports and imports, respectively. At present, the port has truck cranes, gantry cranes, floating cranes, forklifts, trailers and ro-ro facilities. Among them, the maximum lifting capacity of the truck crane is 40 tons, the floating crane is up to 80 tons, and there is an oil pipeline with a diameter of 100 400mm for loading and unloading. The port area has open-air storage yards and warehouses for containers and ro-ro cargo. Massawa (ETMAS).
Located at the northern end of the Gulf of Zula on the Red Sea and bordering the port of Miziva, the port of Massawa is the second largest port in Eritrea.
There are 6 main berths in the port area, with a shoreline length of 907 meters and a maximum water depth of 91 meter. The area of the district has a freight yard of about 350,000 square meters, warehouse capacity of 750,000 cubic meters. The main export goods are cattle, sheep, skins, salt, fruits and vegetables, etc., and the main import goods are cotton, petroleum products and groceries.
Yanbu Port (Saybo).
Yanbu Port is located in the middle of the west coast of Saudi Arabia, about 161 nautical miles south of Jeddah Port, on the east side of the Red Sea, is the second largest port in western Saudi Arabia, the port is about 15km away from the airport, there are regular flights to Jeddah, Riyadh and other places.
Yanbu port area mooring oil tanker berths and bulk and general cargo berths, bulk cargo main berth berth loading and unloading equipment has a variety of shore cranes, container cranes, forklifts, movable cranes, ship loaders, unloaders, tugboats and ro-ro facilities, etc., of which the maximum lifting capacity of container cranes is 70 tons, movable cranes up to 200 tons, the maximum power of tugboats is 1838kw, and the diameter is 1524 508 mm oil pipeline for loading and unloading.
There are 9 berths for mooring oil tankers in the industrial port area, with a maximum capacity of 500,000 dwt for giant oil tankers, and the port has an oil pipeline across the Arabian Peninsula to the oil fields in the east, with a total length of 1,202km and an annual oil transportation capacity of about 100 million tons.
Port of Safaga (EGSAF).
Safaga is a small town on the Red Sea coast. It has several phosphate mines and is considered a well-known tourist center. The port is located on the west coast of the Red Sea, between Hamrawin and Hurghada. It mainly exports phosphate rock and imports wheat, cement and alumina.
It has five berths, each with a specific cargo category. The No. 1 berth is loaded with grain ships, the No. 2 berth is loaded with passengers and cargo, and the No. 3 berth is loaded with ores, phosphate rock powder and ores at the aluminum berth. In addition, the port has a 100,000-ton grain silos. The port handles approximately 742 vessels, 3,870,000 metric tons of cargo and 876,120 passengers annually.
Port of Eilat (Ileil).
Located at the tip of the Red Sea's Aqaba Bay, Port Eilat is Israel's only port on the Red Sea. The Port of Eilat opened in 1947 and is now mainly used between Israel and the Far East**. It also has a ** terminal operated by EAPC. An oil pipeline connects Eilat on the Red Sea with Ashkelon in the Mediterranean. The oil terminal can accommodate tankers up to 300,000 dwt with a water depth of 30 meters. 1-3 berths handle bulk cargo, general cargo and containers. They are 528 meters long and have a draft of 12 meters.
Major exports include phosphates, minerals, ores and potash, while imports include timber, foodstuffs, vehicles and building materials. The port has 160,000 cubic meters of waterfront storage. It also boasts 16 units with a capacity of 11 cubic meter tank. The container storage space covers 28,000 square meters, and for bulk cargo, the port has 3 large warehouses with a storage capacity of 170,000 tons. Approximately 2,100,000 metric tons of cargo, 70,000 vehicles and 50,000 TEUs pass through the port every year.
Port of Hodeidah (Yehod).
The port of Hodeidah is located at the southern end of the Red Sea coastline, about 92 nautical miles south of Yemen's border with Saudi Arabia. It handles approximately 80 per cent of humanitarian cargo, fuel and commercial products arriving in Yemen. It has an "L" shaped inner harbor, an oil terminal, a power station, and a naval dock. The port can be passed by a 15 km wide 100 m deep 94 meters of passage to arrive.
Export coffee, skin, skin, sesame oil, dried fruits, seeds, nuts, tobacco, etc. Imports include flour, grains, rice, metals, hardware, timber, metals, petroleum, and machinery. The port handles approximately 5,700,000 metric tons of cargo per year, including 1,000,000 metric tons of petroleum products.
Port of Assab (ETASB).
Located in the Gulf of Assab on the southeast coast of Eritrea, on the northwest side of the Mandab Strait, the Port of Assab is the largest port in Eritrea. The total area of the port is about 890,000 square meters, of which 45% is sheltered storage space, which can store 28,116 containers and 360,000 tons of cargo.
The port has 7 berths for dry cargo ships, 1 roro ship and 3 oil terminals. Seven large ships can be berthed at the same time in the harbor. The main exports are flaxseeds, nuke seeds, cereals and dried fish. Imports include **, refined products, general commodities, machinery, transport materials, and cement. The port handles approximately 1,200,000 metric tons of dry cargo, 32,000 TEUs and 1,300,000 metric tons of liquid cargo per year.
Port of Aden (Yeade).
The port of Aden is located on the southern coast of Yemen, within the Gulf of Aden, about 95 nautical miles east of the Bab el-Mandeb Strait, and at the southern entrance to the Red Sea. It is protected by the northeast monsoon below the mountain and the southwest monsoon, and runs unrestricted throughout the year along the northern boundary by land. The port consists of an outer harbor that provides anchorage, a small Aden port on the west side of the harbor, and an inner harbor to the east. The Inner Harbor has 9 berths and 3 berths for refueling at depths ranging from 6 meters to 119 meters. On the north side of the inner harbor is the Aden Container Terminal, which offers a 700-meter quay with a depth of 16 meters. The port exports refined oil, frozen fish, manufactured goods, scrap steel, flour, salt, etc. Imports include bulk, food, lubricants, vehicles, livestock, building materials, etc. The port handles approximately 2,000 vessels and 15,600,000 metric tons of cargo per year, including 380,000 TEUs.