The details of the top ten scientific and technological terms are as follows:
Large language models, also known as LLM, is a massive text data model based on deep learning. It not only has the ability to generate natural language text, but also has a deep understanding of the meaning of the text, and copes with various natural language tasks, such as text summarization, Q&A, translation, etc. In the field of science and technology in 2023, the combination of large language models and artificial intelligence has become the focus of global research. With the rapid growth of the number of parameters, from the initial billions to the trillions today, its development prospects are exciting.
Generative AIThis magical realm skillfully blends complex algorithms, models, and rules, drawing wisdom from massive amounts of data to nurture new and original content. It is like an ingenious artist, swaying boundless creativity, beyond the limitations of traditional software, whether it is text, sound, or **, can become its carrier of inspiration.
Looking back at the end of 2022, ChatGPT launched by OpenAI is like a bright star, shining in the vast universe of text generation. 2023 is known as the year when generative AI emerges from the cocoon.
Quantum computing, which is a computing model that leaps between the classic and the unknown. It is different in that it is not limited to traditional computing power, but rides the mysterious wind of quantum mechanics to spread its wings and soar. The basic unit of the quantum computer, the magical device that performs quantum computing tasks, is the qubit, a miniature existence beyond imagination. In the world of quantum computing, based on the esoteric principle of quantum superposition, qubits can carry and process different states at the same time, a capability that classical computers cannot match.
Quantum computing opens the door to a whole new set of complex problems that classical computers can't handle. It is expected to shine in many fields, such as codebreaking, material design, and artificial intelligence. On this road of exploration, China has already made a comprehensive layout and continued to open up. In 2023, the outstanding achievements of the optical system "Chapter 9" and the superconducting system "Zu Chongzhi", like two bright pearls, illuminate the road of quantum computing.
Brain-computer graftingIt is known as a revolutionary breakthrough in human-computer interaction, which cleverly bypasses peripheral nerves and muscles, and directly builds a new communication bridge between the brain and external devices. Its principle of operation is to capture the mysterious signals of the brain and convert them into electrical signals, so as to realize the transmission and control of information. In 2023, scientists have developed a brain-computer interface that can convert neural signals into smooth conversations, which is undoubtedly a deep dialogue between technology and humans. Beijing is the world's first successful non-human primate interventional brain-computer interface trial, which marks a new stage of interventional brain-computer interface from laboratory research to clinical application.
Data elements, a new type of production factor, are like the cornerstone of digitalization, networking, and intelligence, and have been integrated into all aspects of production, distribution, circulation, consumption, and social service management. It exists in electronic form, participates in production and business activities through calculation, and plays an irreplaceable value. In the tide of the digital economy, the role of data elements can be compared with the traditional factors of production, and jointly promote the giant wheel of social progress.
Data elementsIt is the core engine to promote the development of the digital economy and inject strong impetus into the digital transformation and intelligent upgrading of the industry. It is also a basic strategic resource of the country and an important cornerstone of national development. In 2023, the official establishment of the National Data Bureau marks a new stage in the management and utilization of data resources in China. This institution is responsible for coordinating and promoting the construction of data infrastructure systems, coordinating the integration, sharing, development and utilization of data resources, and coordinating the promotion of digital China, digital economy, and digital society planning and construction, highlighting the country's emphasis on the strategic management and standardized utilization of data resources.
With the rise of data elements, we are entering a new digital era. In this era, data is not only a carrier of information, but also an important force to promote social progress and development. Let's witness the infinite possibilities of data elements in the future and welcome the glorious chapter of the digital era together.
Smart CitiesLike a bright pearl, it stands at the pinnacle of information technology with its scientific planning, efficient management and a better life as its goal. With advanced information and communication technology, it weaves a boundless picture: transparent and sufficient information acquisition, extensive and secure information transmission, effective and scientific information processing, just like the footsteps of a dancer, dancing in the pulse of the city. Smart cities have given new life to urban operations, and public services have been moistened like a clear spring, forming a unique low-carbon ecosystem.
With the rapid development of science and technology, the tide of information society is surging, and smart cities have become the stars of tomorrow in urban planning. On the stage of 2023, the construction of smart cities in China is in full swing, investment continues to heat up, and technological innovation emerges in an endless stream. Smart government affairs, smart emergency response, smart transportation and many other fields are like stars, jointly depicting a magnificent blueprint for smart cities.
Smart cities not only improve the efficiency and quality of urban governance, but also play a pivotal role in responding to environmental changes and improving the quality of life of residents. Looking forward to the future, the people-oriented concept will be deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, and the integration of urban digital and intelligent transformation, green and low-carbon development and diversified development of innovative technologies will inject more vitality into the city. The in-depth application of emerging technologies such as digital twins and the metaverse will make urban services more intelligent and humane. Smart city, with its unique charm, is leading us towards a better future.
Carbon footprint, an esoteric term whose essence refers to the amount of carbon dioxide emissions directly or indirectly caused by an individual, organization, product or country over a certain period of time. It is like the "identity card" of the environment, recording the "carbon" behavior of every activity and every product in the life cycle. It's not just a number, it's a reflection of the impact that humans have had on the planet.
It not only covers the emissions of a product or service from production, transportation, end-use to disposal, but also acts as a mirror that reflects the impact of human activities on the environment at every moment. This comprehensive assessment allows us to more accurately understand and evaluate the impact of our actions on nature.
The introduction of the carbon footprint concept is a wake-up call to the urgency of tackling climate change. It acts like a compass to guide us to find a path to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and guide us towards a green and low-carbon future. By calculating and understanding an individual's or organization's carbon footprint, we can identify our environmental impact and develop effective strategies against global warming, the silent enemy.
In 2023, like a careful gardener, China will introduce a series of policies to carefully improve the carbon footprint management level of key domestic products and promote related industries to a green and low-carbon spring. With a better understanding of the impacts of climate change and advances in carbon capture, utilization, and storage technologies, more measures are being taken to reduce emissions and achieve carbon neutrality. These measures are like spring rain that nourish the earth, subtly changing the way we live and work, and may even reshape the economic structure of the entire society. In this hopeful journey, we dance in harmony with nature and weave a green, low-carbon future together.
Flexible manufacturingLike a nimble dancer, dancing on the stage of the production line, meeting the challenges of mass customization needs. It is lightning fast enough to adapt to changes in market demand, product design updates, and changes in the manufacturing process, demonstrating unmatched flexibility and adaptability. Its core strength lies in its high degree of customization and adaptability, which allows it to meet the challenges of mass customization needs.
With Industry 4The wave of 0 is surging, and flexible manufacturing is like a bright star, shining in the night sky of manufacturing. Emerging technologies such as the industrial Internet, robotics, and artificial intelligence are like magic wands in the hands of magicians, changing the way traditional industries are produced and managed. They make the flexible production mode of "personalized customization" and "one piece minimum order" a reality, and meet the changing needs of consumers.
In the context of increasingly fierce global competition, flexible manufacturing is like a sharp sword, overcoming obstacles in terms of customization, responsiveness and resource efficiency. It helps companies adapt to market trends, meet challenges, and gain a competitive advantage. Flexible manufacturing is becoming a new chapter in the development of the manufacturing industry, leading the future direction of industrial production.
Regenerative riceIt is a miraculous rice that, after one season of harvest, is rejuvenated by the dormant axillary buds on the rice stump, and bears fruit for another season. Its story has been passed down in China for a long time, dating back to the Jin Dynasty 1,700 years ago.
In 2023, at a historic moment, China successfully conducted a regenerative rice experiment on the Chinese space station. At that moment, space rice harvested the seeds of regenerative rice, opening up a new world for agricultural research in our country. Our scientists have successfully cloned the world's first rice regeneration gene, revealing the mysterious molecular mechanism of its involvement in the regulation of rice regeneration.
Regenerative rice, with its unique vitality, increases grain production by increasing the harvest index, injecting a solid guarantee into our rice bowl. It is of great significance to ensure food security and promote farmers' income, just like the rice ears of the Jin Dynasty, which still shine after thousands of years.
Controlled nuclear fusionThe goal is to achieve a safe, continuous and stable energy output. It has great potential and is known as the most desirable form of the ultimate form of energy. Compared to nuclear fission, nuclear fusion releases more energy, requires more raw materials, produces very little radioactive waste, and is safer.
On Earth, we are getting closer to one goal – to control the power of the sun. This is not an unattainable dream, but a scientific experiment oriented to controlled nuclear fusion. This controlled nuclear fusion reaction, like the sun, continuously releases a huge amount of energy. Scientists call it an "artificial sun".
In 2023, China has made a remarkable breakthrough in the field of controlled nuclear fusion. The fully superconducting tokamak nuclear fusion experimental device (EAST) has achieved significant results in many experiments, and the large nuclear fusion scientific device "China Gyre-3" has also been opened to the world, inviting scientists from all over the world to jointly overcome this scientific and technological problem.
However, despite the significant progress we have made, there are still many technical and engineering challenges to the commercial application of controlled nuclear fusion. But once we break through these hurdles, it will provide endless clean energy for humanity and inject endless light into our future.