Introduction:
As industrial robots are more and more widely used, safety issues have also received a lot of attention. Therefore, when we operate industrial robots, we need to comply with safety operating procedures to avoid potential safety hazards. In this article, we will take a look at the safe operation procedures and precautions for industrial robots.
1.1 Keywords
Safety in production: refers to the measures and activities to ensure the safety and health of workers and the normal operation of the production process in order to keep the labor process in material conditions and work order, prevent the occurrence of personnel and equipment accidents and various disasters.
Accident: refers to an unexpected event that occurs suddenly, against the will of the person, and is not foreseen in advance, causing an unsafe behavior, action or state of unsafety in the process of achieving a purposeful action.
Hazard: A source or condition that could cause death, injury, illness, property damage, or damage to the work environment.
1.2 The main causes of safety incidents
1) Unsafe behavior of people:
Improper wearing or use of safety protective equipment;During operation and operation, adjustment, maintenance, cleaning, etc. are carried out in violation of safety rules and regulations2) The unsafe state of things:
Mechanical and electrical equipment with sick work;Equipment installation is not standardized, maintenance is not standard, use is overdue, aging, etc.;3) Management deficiencies and environmental factors
Poor rectification of hidden dangers;Failure to provide appropriate safety education;The emergency measures are unreasonable;1.3 Prevention
1) Machinery and equipment:
Operate in strict accordance with the provisions of the "Safety Maintenance and Operation Standards". 2) Electrical Equipment:
The electrical equipment in the factory, such as motors, transformers, distribution boxes, etc., all have large currents and are very dangerous, so do not touch them at willWhen the electrical equipment fails and is damaged, it should be reported in time, and the electrician should be asked to repair it, and do not disassemble and repair it yourselfIf electrical components such as special electrical appliances and equipment fail, they cannot be repaired by themselvesNor can it be operated with faults;If the fuse and fuse are damaged, they should be replaced by an electrician, and the specifications must be in accordance with the regulations, and they cannot be adjusted up or down at will, and they cannot be replaced with iron wires and copper wiresThe enclosure of electrical equipment must be protected from grounding or zero in accordance with the requirements of safety regulationsAnd check regularly to make sure the connection is secure. 
Industrial robots can complete precision work that is difficult to operate manually, such as laser cutting and precision assembly. But we must be clear that whether we can realize the advantages of the above-mentioned industrial robots also depends on whether the robots can be used safely and correctly in production.
2.1 Security awareness
At present, a phenomenon that can not be ignored is the increasing number of industrial robot users, of course, sometimes the production task is not saturated, but the more critical factor is that the industrial robot operator is not vigilant enough, such as encountering some problems that do not know how to deal with. In use, users are required to have a high degree of vigilance, be able to deal with problems calmly, be clear-headed, have strong on-site judgment, and also have a solid foundation of automatic control technology.
2.2 Safe distance
When commissioning and operating industrial robots, there may be some unexpected or irregular movements. In addition, all movements generate a lot of power, which can cause serious injury to the individual or damage to any equipment within the range of industrial robots. Therefore, it is necessary to keep a safe distance from industrial robots at all times.
2.3 Electrostatic discharge hazard
ESD (electrostatic discharge) is the conduction of electrostatic electricity between two objects with different electric potentials, which can be conducted by direct contact or by inducing an electric field. When moving parts or parts containers, people who are not grounded may transfer a large amount of electrostatic charge. This discharge process can damage sensitive electronics. Therefore, in the case of this marking, it is necessary to do a good job of electrostatic discharge protection.
2.4 Emergency Stop
Emergency stop takes precedence over any other industrial robot control operation. It cuts off the power supply to the industrial robot motor, stops all moving parts, and cuts off the power to potentially hazardous functional parts controlled by the industrial robot system. Press any emergency stop button immediately if the following happens.
1) When the industrial robot is running, there are workers in the work area.
2) Industrial robots injure workers or damage machines.
2.5 Maintenance power outage
When installing, repairing, and maintaining industrial robots, the main power supply should be turned off. Working with electricity can have fatal consequences. An unintentional high-voltage shock can cause cardiac arrest, burns, or other serious injury.
2.6 Extinguishing fires
In the event of a fire, please ensure the safety of all personnel, evacuate the fire scene, extinguish the fire, and treat the injured person first. When electrical equipment such as industrial robots catch fire, carbon dioxide fire extinguishers should be used. Do not use water or foam.
3.1 Safety at work
1) When there are staff in the reserve, please manually operate the industrial robot system.
2) When entering the protected area, please have a teach pendant ready so that you can control the industrial robot at any time.
3) Tools that can be rotated or moved, such as cutting tools and saws. Before approaching the industrial robot, make sure the tool stops moving.
4) Pay attention to the high temperature surfaces generated by the workpiece and the industrial robot. The temperature of the industrial robot motor will be very high after long-term operation.
5) Pay attention to the fixture to ensure that the workpiece is clamped. If the fixture is opened, the workpiece will fall off, the operator will be injured or the equipment will be damaged. In operation, if the operation is not done in the correct way, it can also lead to injuries to the human body.
6) Pay attention to hydraulic, pneumatic systems and live parts. Even if the power is cut off, the remaining power in these circuits is dangerous.
3.2 Safety of the teach pendant
The teach pendant is a high-quality handheld terminal that is equipped with state-of-the-art, high-sensitivity electronics. To avoid misoperation failure or damage, follow the instructions below:
1) Handle with care. Do not hit, throw, or slam the teach pendant. This can lead to breakage or malfunction. When not in use, hang the teach pendant on a stand dedicated to storing it to prevent it from accidentally falling to the ground.
2) The use and placement of the teach pendant should avoid being stepped on by the cable.
3) Never use sharp objects to touch the operation touch screen. Use your fingers or a touchscreen pen to operate the teach pendant.
4) Clean the touch screen regularly. Avoid dust and small particles that may obstruct the screen and cause problems.
5) Do not use solvents or sponges to clean the presenter. It should be cleaned with a professional dust-free cloth dampened with a small amount of neutral detergent.
6) When a USB device is not connected, be sure to cover the protective cover of the USB port. If the port is exposed to dust, it may break or malfunction.
3.3 Safety in manual mode
In manual deceleration mode, the industrial robot will operate (move) at a speed of 250mm s or slower. If you are working in a safe area, you should use the manual deceleration mode.
In manual full-speed mode, the industrial robot moves at a programmed speed, and manual full-speed mode can only be used when all personnel are outside a safe protected space, and operators must be specially trained to understand potential hazards.
3.4 Safety in automatic mode
The automatic mode of industrial robots is often used in programs that run in production. In the case of automatic mode, the Regular Mode Stop (GS), Automatic Mode Stop (AS) mechanism, and Upper Stop (SS) mechanism are all active.
Conclusion:
In order to prevent accidents in the process of operating industrial robots, this article starts with ".Principles of safety in industrial productionSafety precautions for industrial robots"And".Safety operating procedures for industrial robotsSeveral aspects have been elaborated, hoping to help you in your daily work to avoid certain safety hazards.
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