The Korean Civil War was a war that broke out on the Korean Peninsula on June 25, 1950, involving North Korea, South Korea, the United States, China, the Soviet Union, and many other countries. The causes of the Korean Civil War were complex, with both the Korean Peninsula and the Cold War confrontation between the two camps of the United States and the Soviet Union. The Korean Civil War caused huge losses in life and property, and also affected the political landscape of the Korean Peninsula and East Asia.
The Korean Peninsula was a Japanese colony before World War II, and Japan imposed brutal rule and oppression on the Koreans, depriving them of their national rights and cultural traditions. In order to resist Japanese aggression, the Koreans carried out many armed struggles and national movements, and cultivated strong nationalist feelings.
After the end of World War II, the Korean Peninsula was divided and occupied by the United States and the Soviet Union along the 38th parallel, and the North and the South established different political systems and ideologies. South Korea, headed by Syngman Rhee, leaned toward American capitalism and democracy;The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) in the north, led by Kim Il-ni, leaned toward Soviet socialism and communism. Both the North and the South claim to represent the interests of the entire Korean people and share the desire to reunify the Korean Peninsula, but they do not recognize each other's legitimacy, which has led to antagonism and conflict between the North and the South.
The outbreak of the Korean Civil War was also closely related to the Cold War and intervention of the two camps of the United States and the Soviet Union. After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union respectively became the two most powerful superpowers in the world, and they launched a global competition and confrontation in the political, economic, military, and ideological fields, forming a Cold War situation. Both the United States and the Soviet Union tried to expand their spheres of influence, compete for the support of third world countries, interfere in the internal affairs of third world countries, and even directly or indirectly participate in the wars of third world countries.
The Korean Peninsula was an important battlefield in the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union. Proceeding from its global strategy and Asian interests, the United States supported South Korea and organized a joint war in an attempt to prevent the expansion of communism and maintain its hegemonic position in East Asia. From its internationalist and socialist camp, the Soviet Union supported North Korea, providing military assistance and advisers in an attempt to overthrow South Korea and consolidate Soviet influence in East Asia. The United States and the Soviet Union fought a war on the Korean Peninsula, which escalated the Korean Civil War into an international local war.
The immediate trigger for the Korean civil war was the surprise attack of the Korean People's Army on South Korea on June 25, 1950, across the 38th parallel. The Korean People's Army, with the support of the Soviet Union, was equipped with a large number of tanks, artillery, airplanes and other modern ****, while the South Korean ** team lacked sufficient ** and training, and was unable to resist the offensive of the Korean People's Army and was forced to retreat to the Pusan area, and the situation was critical.
After receiving authorization from the United Nations, the United States quickly dispatched the Seventh Fleet into the Taiwan Strait to prevent the armed liberation of Taiwan by the People's Republic of China, and at the same time mobilized the US military and the troops of 16 other countries to form a joint ** and rushed to South Korea for reinforcements. Under the command of MacArthur, the joint ** carried out a bold landing operation at Inchon on September 15, 1950, cutting off the KPA's logistical supply and forcing the KPA to retreat. The joint ** pursued the victory, crossed the 38th parallel, and advanced all the way to the Yalu River, threatening China's security.