3. The process of the uprising.
On the night of March 8, four or five hundred armed soldiers from various units in the north of the city of the "People's Movement" assembled at the top of the Jade Emperor in the north of the city, and Zheng Yaonan walked up the steps and issued an order for an armed uprising. The Yexi armed forces and the Pingbei armed forces led by Qiao Tianhua lurked in the west of the city and the Nanyang River in the south of the city respectively. At midnight, Zheng Yaonan, the commander-in-chief of the uprising headquarters, issued an order to attack the city: the northern part of the county was attacked by the north and east gates, the Pingbei army attacked the south gate, and the west gate was attacked by the west army. The rebel forces from all walks of life marched forward bravely and quickly surrounded the county seat.
But in fact, the county town was not beaten down, but shouted down. This slightly comic result occurred because Wang Yingzhou and Su Xunchen, who entered the city to do internal response, were arrested by the pseudo-patrol police. That night, the rebel forces lay in ambush under the city, anxiously waiting for Neiying to open the city gates. On the morning of the 9th, when the sky was already light, the rebel troops waited for half a night, and did not see the city gates opened, but saw that the city had strengthened its defenses. It turned out that when Wang Yingzhou and Su Xunchen were opening the north gate of the city, they were discovered by the pseudo-patrol police in the city**. Liu Zirong panicked when he heard the news, and hurriedly asked for help, but the first line had been cut off, so he had to order to guard the city gate, and the whole city was under martial law, in a vain attempt to resist stubbornly in the city.
The plan to open the city fell through, and the city was wide and strong, and it was certainly not possible to attack it by force, and it was necessary to change the combat strategy. Zheng Yaonan urgently consulted with other responsible persons of the "People's Movement" and decided to carry out a political offensive at the same time as the military offensive, and organize soldiers to shout propaganda to the city. In an instant, slogans such as "Chinese should not be traitors ** thieves", "surrender guns and do not kill", and "don't give your life to traitor Liu Zirong" resounded in the sky above the city, shaking the military morale of the puppet army in the city with the tactics of besieging the city and shouting. Many family members of the puppet army were also brought in to participate in the "shouting city", calling the names of the puppet army one by one, and some of the puppet army's parents even shouted the nicknames of the puppet army, persuading them not to be traitors and oppose the anti-Japanese guerrillas, and to quickly open the city gate and surrender to the guerrillas. Liu Zirong hurriedly came to the north gate tower in a panic, and ordered the city gate to be closed tightly and resolutely defended. According to Sun Huisheng's proposal, Zheng Yaonan sent Zhu Kaiyin and others to quickly pull Liu Zirong's son-in-law Zhang Yanshan's parents outside the north gate of the city in a cart, and ordered them to shout for Liu Zirong to open the door and surrender. The shouts of the besieging troops were mixed with the cries and pleadings of the families of the puppet army, and Liu Zirong on the city wall could no longer bear this scene when he saw it, and he collapsed to the ground like a cramp. Most of those puppet soldiers are also from Ye County, and when they saw this formation, the order was chaotic, and they shouted "Don't do it, don't do it". Zhang Yanshan saw that the situation was not good, so he left his father-in-law and fled for his life alone. Zhang Liangchen, the leader of the puppet security detachment, saw that the soldiers were approaching the city and that the general situation was gone, so he took it upon himself to open the city gate and let the guerrillas enter the city, disarming and surrendering. Under the order of Zheng Yaonan, the rebel troops crossed the drawbridge and rushed into the city from Wengcheng, and soon seized the guns of the puppet security team and the guard team, occupied the puppet county ** and the public security bureau, rescued Neiying, and captured Liu Zirong and Zhang Yanshan alive. At 10 o'clock in the morning of the 9th, the entire uprising was like this, and without a single shot, the county seat of Ye County was liberated and returned to the hands of the people of Ye County.
After the success of the Yuhuangding Uprising, Zheng Yaonan and the comrades of the county party committee devoted all their energies to military and political construction, focusing their work on the rational use of qualified personnel and the formulation of correct policies and decrees. At that time, Zheng Yaonan, together with the comrades of the county party committee, together with the Kuomintang county party headquarters, determined the principle of unity in work: In order to prevent the resurgence of the Japanese puppets, it was necessary to immediately reorganize the troops, boldly develop and strengthen the ranks, and it was necessary to treat all units and people from all walks of life who participated in the uprising equally. It is necessary to immediately set up an anti-Japanese democracy**, extensively mobilize the masses, and establish a consolidated base area. In accordance with this principle, it was decided to change the name of the "People's Movement" to the "Third Detachment of the Jiaodong Guerrilla Force" (referred to as the "Third Detachment"), with Zheng Yaonan as the head of the detachment, Zhou Yaquan, former head of the Sixth District of the Kuomintang in Ye County, as the deputy head of the detachment, Wang Renzhai and Zhang Jialuo, members of the Communist Party, as directors of the Political Department, and Zhao Sentang, a member of the Kuomintang, as chief of staff.
After the establishment of the "three detachments," Zheng Yaonan decided to set up the "three detachments" party committee on the basis of the former members of the county party committee, and the party committee of the detachment led the military and local work in a unified manner. Soon, the "Six Proposals" were issued to the people of the county:(1) Defend Jiaodong, defend the hometown, and expel the Japanese invaders from the country;(2) Guarantee the people's freedom of speech, press, assembly, and association;(3) Thoroughly implement democratic politics and complete local elections;(4) Abolish exorbitant taxes and improve people's livelihood(5) Completely eliminate traitors and confiscate their property;(6) Mobilize the broad masses of the people to participate in the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, make a strong contribution, have money to pay, and have guns to shoot. These propositions reflected the strong aspirations of the masses of the people, and the county quickly set off an anti-Japanese upsurge of "fathers, sons, and brothers vying to sign up and vow to go to the battlefield to kill jackals." The three detachments soon grew to more than 3,700 people, each armed with one gun, under the jurisdiction of one brigade and reconnaissance, communications, guards, pickets and other directly subordinate teams, becoming the largest anti-Japanese armed force under the leadership of the Communist Party in Jiaodong and even the province.
As soon as the "three detachments" were founded, they realized the importance of strong leadership and strict discipline, and pointed out in the propaganda program that "although they are composed of ordinary people, they are by no means a rabble, and they are by no means purposeless and unconscious foolishness." Without a strong leadership, a tight organization, and the resolute bravery and sacrificial spirit of every element, he would not have had to wait for the enemy to destroy it, and he himself would have collapsed." The party attaches great importance to ideological party building and political army building, and the brigades have generally established party branches and political commissars served by Communist Party members, gradually building the "three detachments" into a new type of anti-Japanese armed force under the leadership of the party. The "three detachments" established iron discipline and emphasized that "not a single stitch or thread should be infringed upon the common people." The troops have a close relationship with the common people, pointing out that "the interests they represent are the interests of the common people" and that "the guerrillas and the common people are originally one family."
The three detachments "recaptured the county town from the puppet army in less than a week, and established the anti-Japanese democracy of Ye County**, and after consultation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and all walks of life, it was decided that Zhang Guanwu would be the county magistrate and Zhao Sentang would be the director of the Civil Affairs Bureau. Yexian Anti-Japanese Democracy** is the earliest anti-Japanese democratic regime in Shandong Province under the leadership of the Communist Party, and its significance is very far-reaching.
4. Historical significance.
After the victory of the Jade Emperor Uprising, the Ye County Anti-Japanese Democracy was established. This is not only the first anti-Japanese democratic regime in Jiaodong, but also the first anti-Japanese democratic regime east of Jinpu Road in Shandong. The uprising fundamentally changed the situation of the Jiaodong War of Resistance, forming the two largest anti-Japanese armed forces led by the Communist Party in Jiaodong east and west side by side, the west is the "three detachments" formed by the Yuhuangding uprising, and the east is the "three armies" formed by the Tianfushan uprising, which played an important strategic role in the future Jiaodong special committee and the "three armies" to advance westward and open up the Jiaodong anti-Japanese base area. In August 1938, the "three armies" and the "three detachments" that marched westward were officially combined. In September, it was renamed the "Fifth Shandong Guerrilla Detachment of the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army". In December, the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army was established, and the "Fifth Shandong Guerrilla Detachment of the Eighth Route Army of the National Revolutionary Army" was renamed the "Fifth Detachment of the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army." It was changed from a scattered guerrilla unit to a guerrilla regiment with unified strategic command. In the same month, the Jiaodong Special Committee held the first party congress of Jiaodong District in Ye County, and elected the Jiaodong District Committee of the Communist Party of China. Ye County became the center of the Jiaodong Anti-Japanese War. The new democratic revolution led by the party in Jiaodong has opened a new page.
The Jade Emperor Ding Uprising was an important chapter in the War of Resistance in Laizhou, Jiaodong and Shandong, and embodied the great spirit of the War of Resistance. Inspired by this spirit, the people of Laizhou have waged an indomitable struggle for national independence and people's liberation. During the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, more than 14,900 people joined the army in Laizhou, and 2,027 people died. In the War of Liberation, Laizhou joined the army 18 times, more than 34,450 people joined the army, and 2,947 people died, making great contributions to the victory of the Liberation War.