Guest of this issue: Ding Yihui, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering
Opinion: The world has entered the new normal of climate changeWarm Arctic cold Eurasian type in winter, and high temperature and heat waves in summer
Climate warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events, which are manifested as warm Arctic cold Eurasian in winter and high temperature and heat waves in summer. On December 23, Ding Yihui, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, analyzed the relationship and performance of global warming and extreme weather and climate events at the expert innovation lecture co-sponsored by the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the China Meteorological Administration, and said that the world has entered a new normal of climate change, and it is necessary to propose and establish new adaptation strategies and response mechanisms.
Distribution of global maximum temperature in July 2023 (unit: ) and distribution of stations that broke through the extreme values of the same period in history (green circle) *National Meteorological Information Center.
Extreme weather and climate events and global average temperature are two interrelated physical quantities that determine and quantify the evolution characteristics of global warming, but also characterize the different characteristics of global warming. Global warming is mainly characterized by the average temperature of different time frames around the world, which is the spatiotemporal average of temperature measurements obtained by all observation stations of the entire planet, including land and ocean, over a certain period of time. Extreme weather and climate events represent weather and climate events that deviate significantly from the climate average and have a very low probability of occurring, but have a high intensity or variability, such as heavy rain, floods, high temperature and heat waves, etc., and often cause serious meteorological disasters.
Pre-flood (19 September) and post-flood (18 November) disaster monitoring map in Lugar, Somalia **National Satellite Meteorological Center.
Monitoring and analysis show that from 1989 to 2016, Arctic winter temperatures rose much faster than the global average, while Eurasian winters became colder and more frequent with strong cooling events. From December 2015 to January 2016, there were explosive warming increases in the Arctic. In China, the "super cold wave" that occurred in late January 2016 caused the temperature to be pressed south to the north of South China. From June 1 to August 18, 2022, the average number of high temperature days in China is 125 days, 5 more than the same period in normal years3 days, the most in the same period since 1961;The number of high temperature days in 2023 is second only to that of 2022, which is 3 more than the same period in normal years9 days. Studies have shown that the historical hot summers or hot years will be the new normal for half of the world's population over the next 20 years, and that many regions are likely to transition to a new seasonal hot climate over the next 40 years.
In the summer of 2023, Boston, Philadelphia and Washington, D.C. were briefly in a state of heat emergency **CCTV News Global Observing System shows that the frequency and intensity of extreme weather and climate events and the severity of their impacts have not only changed since the 50s of the last century, but will continue to change and intensify in the future with the increase of global warming. If global warming can stabilize at 15. It will significantly limit the changes in future extreme weather and climate events. 
September 12, Libya, Derna, after the storm street **reuters
Ding Yihui stressed that under global warming, extreme weather and climate events have significantly affected China's security in many fields. This is a new situation and a new issue that deserves attention, and it also provides us with important insights for responding to and adapting to climate changeOne isThe world has entered a new normal of climate change. It is absolutely necessary to propose and establish new adaptation strategies and coping mechanisms in this new climate normal.
The second isUnder the overall pattern of coordinated development of the national economy, it is necessary to pay attention to areas that are more sensitive and vulnerable to extreme weather and climate, such as water conservancy, agriculture and rural areas, ecological environment, and the formulation and implementation of rational development and adaptation measures for major coastal cities.
The third isIt is necessary to establish a climate risk assessment and a long-term extreme weather and climate early warning system under the new normal to deal with serious or even catastrophic disasters caused by major climate risks that may occur in the medium and long term.
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Produced by China Meteorological NewsAuthor:Miao Yanli.
Edit:Wang Liang Wang Suqin.
Release:Lu Weixu.
Audit:Duan Haoshu.