As an optoelectronic instrument, a hyperspectral camera consists of a light source, a detector, etc. The light energy provided by the light source is an important part of the hyperspectral detection system as an information carrier to stimulate or illuminate the object. So, what light source does a hyperspectral camera generally use?This article introduces the principle of hyperspectral cameras and the types of light sources.
Hyperspectral imaging technology is an emerging non-destructive testing technology, which can simultaneously obtain the spatial information and spectral information of the sample to be measured in the ultraviolet to near-infrared spectral coverage range. Generally speaking, spectra and images belong to two-dimensional data, and a hyperspectral image is a three-dimensional high cube, where one dimension is the spectral data (wavelength), and two dimensions (x-horizontal axis and y-longitudinal axis) spatial information. The horizontal axis consists of a series of successive sub-images one after the other at different wavelengths: each sub-image provides a spatial distribution of spectral intensity at a certain wavelength. Therefore, each hyperspectral image can be seen as a collection of each independent two-dimensional spatial image at different wavelengths, and as a collection of spectra at each pixel. There are four common ways to obtain hyperspectral image blocks: point scan, line scan, area scan and single shot, in which line scanning refers to storing samples in the same direction in the form of straight lines one after another in the file, and it simultaneously records the spectral information of a whole straight line of an image and each spatial pixel corresponding to this straight line. Through the different positions of the light source and light detector, the hyperspectral has three modes of light transmission: reflection, transmission, and transmissibility. Reflective patterns are typically used to detect external quality features such as size, shape, color, surface texture, and external defectsThe transmission mode responds to the internal information by capturing and receiving the faint light signal transmitted from the inside. The transflective mode of light source and detector perpendicular to each other allows for deeper detection of sample information with less impact on the surface and less effect on thickness than reflection mode.
In order to obtain high-quality hyperspectral images, the components of a hyperspectral imaging device are both basic and important. The selection of equipment components and their setup need to be based on a good understanding of the structure of the hyperspectral imaging system. The basic components are: light source, wavelength scattering equipment, area detector and supporting control software.
The light energy provided by the light source is an important part of the hyperspectral detection system as an information carrier to stimulate or illuminate the object. Typical light sources used in hyperspectral imaging systems include halogen lamps, light-emitting diodes, lasers, and tunable light sources. Most hyperspectral systems use halogen lamps, which can provide a wide range of light source information (380-2000nm), which can meet the needs of most hyperspectral systems. The advantages of halogen lamps are that they can operate at low voltages and have a wide spectral range, but their disadvantages are their short relative life, high heat output, and large influence of voltage fluctuations.
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