Prophecy come true? In addition to Japan, there are 2 subsidences in China, or will they gradually disappear?
Beijing: Problems and solutions.
Beijing is the capital of China, and its urbanization and industrialization are developing rapidly. However, with the development of urbanization, there is also a danger of subsidence of the earth's surface. Some areas of Beijing have experienced surface subsidence due to groundwater extraction, geological changes and housing loads. According to the survey, in some places in Beijing, the surface settles at a rate of 10-100 mm a year. These problems not only endanger the safety of the housing structure, but also adversely affect the operation of the underground and municipal pipe networks.
In response to the land subsidence in Beijing, the municipality has carried out a series of efforts. First of all, an important step is to reduce groundwater development. On this basis, the reduction of dependence on the groundwater level is proposed, and corresponding solutions are proposed. Secondly, China's new urban planning and construction code also takes land settlement into account, and reduces land settlement by reducing building loads and optimizing infrastructure structures. In addition, the monitoring of surface subsidence and the establishment of an early warning system should be strengthened. On this basis, it is of great significance to construct a surface subsidence monitoring network to grasp the change law of surface subsidence in real time, which is of great significance for urban construction and emergencies.
Shanghai: Surface subsidence and its prevention.
Shanghai, China's financial center, is also facing a severe test of land subsidence. Due to its unique geographical environment, Shanghai is located in the estuary area of the Yangtze River Delta, and the surface is dominated by soft soil. With the rapid development of urbanization in China, high-rise buildings continue to increase the bearing capacity of soft soil foundations, resulting in increasingly severe foundation settlement problems. In addition, excessive groundwater exploitation is also one of the main causes of surface subsidence.
In response to the land subsidence in Shanghai, the local authorities have introduced a set of corresponding countermeasures. Water-saving irrigation is one of the main measures of water-saving irrigation. Improving people's concept of water conservation, improving water equipment, and reducing dependence on groundwater level are important ways to reduce the rate of surface subsidence. At the same time, new construction projects place greater attention to the design of foundations to prevent excessive stress on soft soils. Therefore, the monitoring and forecasting of surface subsidence should be strengthened. Through a sound monitoring system, the phenomenon of surface subsidence can be detected in time, and corresponding countermeasures can be taken in time.
The impact and role of land subsidence.
Surface subsidence not only endangers the safety of the housing structure, but also causes flooding and even damage to municipal works. First of all, the subsidence of the ground surface will have a direct effect on the stability of the building, causing the building to tilt, the foundation to be unstable, and even to collapse, thereby increasing the risk of urban disaster prevention and mitigation. Second, land subsidence can also cause damage to urban drainage systems, increasing the chance of flooding in extreme weather such as heavy rainfall. In addition, land subsidence will also have a certain impact on the normal operation of municipal projects such as underground pipelines and transportation.
Countermeasures and methods to deal with surface subsidence.
Therefore, how to deal with this problem has become an important issue facing our country at present. First of all, it is necessary to establish an effective monitoring and early warning system for surface subsidence. Through the continuous collection and analysis of surface subsidence observation data, real-time monitoring of land subsidence can be carried out, which lays the foundation for the formulation of relevant urban planning and disaster early warning. Secondly, lowering the groundwater level is a major measure to control surface subsidence. To reduce the dependence on the groundwater table, the dependence on the groundwater table can be reduced by rationally allocating the water source and building a recycling system on this basis. In new construction projects, relevant standards should be strictly implemented to reduce the load on the foundation. On this basis, it is proposed that the overall planning and coordination mechanism of urban construction and land use should be strengthened to realize the effective use of land space.
Overview and prospects.
Land subsidence is a major problem faced by large cities such as Beijing and Shanghai in China, and the problem of land subsidence can be well solved through continuous scientific and technological innovation and application. Reducing groundwater exploitation, optimizing urban planning and architectural design, and strengthening the monitoring and early warning system are important ways to control surface subsidence. Land subsidence is an important issue related to urban security and development, and it is also an important factor affecting people's quality of life. Therefore, municipalities and citizens should step up their promotion efforts, increase vigilance, and work together to keep our city from collapse.
Whether it is Beijing or Shanghai, land subsidence is a problem that cannot be ignored. With urbanization and population increase, the pollution of the urban environment is becoming more and more serious. In the process of development, a city should not only consider economic benefits, but also consider its importance to the protection and sustainable development of the ecological environment. In the future development process, it is necessary to rely on the coordination and cooperation of all sectors of society, and actively respond to the problem of surface subsidence in a scientific way, so as to provide useful reference for China's urban construction.