Low temperature snowfall is a common natural disaster that has a serious impact on the growth and development of vegetables. In low temperature and snowfall weather, vegetables are susceptible to frost damage and snow pressure, resulting in reduced yield and reduced quality. In addition, low temperature snowfall may also lead to the spread and spread of vegetable pests and diseases, bringing greater losses to vegetable production.
1. Preventive measures for vegetable low-temperature snowfall disasters.
1.Breed varieties with strong resistance to stress.
Breeding varieties with strong stress resistance is one of the important measures to prevent low-temperature and snowfall disasters. By selecting cold-tolerant, moisture-tolerant and shade-tolerant varieties, the adaptability and resistance of vegetables under adverse environmental conditions can be improved, and disaster losses can be reduced.
2.Do a good job of insulating facilities.
In winter and early spring, it is necessary to do a good job in the insulation of vegetable greenhouses, greenhouses and other facilities. It is necessary to thicken the wall and increase the insulation materials such as straw or quilt to improve the thermal insulation performance of the facility. At the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the airtightness of the facility to prevent cold air from entering the room and affecting the thermal insulation effect.
3.Control watering and fertilization properly.
In low temperatures and snowfall, it is necessary to control the frequency and amount of watering and fertilization. Overwatering can cause the soil temperature to drop and affect root growth;Excessive fertilization can easily cause root burning. Therefore, according to the growth of vegetables and soil conditions, watering and fertilization should be reasonably controlled to keep the soil moist and nutrient balanced.
4.Remove and clear snow in a timely manner.
After snowfall, remove and clear snow in a timely manner, and maintain light and ventilation in the facility. Snow can be removed with bamboo poles, sticks and other tools, or snow removal equipment can be installed on top of the greenhouse. At the same time, be careful not to use chemicals such as snow melting agents in the facility to avoid causing harm to vegetables.
5.Strengthen pest and disease control.
Low temperature and snowfall weather is easy to cause the spread and spread of vegetable pests and diseases, and it is necessary to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases. It is necessary to regularly check the growth of vegetables, and take timely prevention and control measures when pests and diseases are found. At the same time, care should be taken to maintain the hygiene and cleanliness of the facility to prevent the breeding and reproduction of germs and pests.
2. Countermeasures for vegetable low-temperature snowfall disasters.
1.Timely harvesting and replanting.
After the occurrence of low temperature and snowfall disasters, it is necessary to harvest ripe vegetables in time to reduce losses. At the same time, according to market demand and climatic conditions, it is necessary to replant vegetable varieties with short growth cycle and strong cold tolerance in a timely manner, and resume production as soon as possible.
2.Do a good job in post-disaster management.
Post-disaster management is one of the important measures to reduce vegetable loss. It is necessary to clean up dead plants and residual ice and snow in a timely manner, strengthen the prevention and control of diseases and pests, fertilization and watering, and promote the recovery of vegetables as soon as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the maintenance and overhaul of greenhouses, greenhouses and other facilities to ensure the normal operation and use of facilities.
3.Establish an early warning mechanism.
The establishment of an early warning mechanism is one of the important means to prevent low temperature and snowfall disasters. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring and forecasting of weather changes, issue early warning information in a timely manner, and remind farmers to take countermeasures. At the same time, it is necessary to establish a sound emergency plan system, clarify the response measures and responsible subjects, and improve the ability and level of disaster response.
Low temperature and snowfall disasters have a serious impact on the growth and development of vegetables, but through the selection of varieties with strong resistance to stress, do a good job in the insulation of facilities, control watering and reasonable fertilization, timely snow removal and snow clearing and other preventive measures, as well as timely harvest and replanting, do a good job in post-disaster management, establish an early warning mechanism and other countermeasures, can effectively reduce disaster losses and ensure the smooth progress of vegetable production. It is suggested that in the future vegetable production, the breeding and application of stress-resistant varieties should be further strengthened, the construction and maintenance of facilities should be strengthened, the awareness and ability of farmers to prevent and reduce disasters should be improved, and a sound disaster response mechanism and system should be established to provide a strong guarantee for the sustainable development of vegetable production.