Red Net Moment News on December 24Recently, the temperature has changed greatly, a variety of respiratory diseases are high, there is an endless stream of children with fever in the pediatric outpatient and emergency department, and the influenza is showing an epidemic trendHow should parents deal with the influenza invasion?Let's hear what Yi Xiuying, director of the pediatric department of Zhuzhou Central Hospital, has to say.
Epidemic ** epidemic (referred to as influenza) is an acute respiratory infection caused by influenza virus, which is highly contagious, spreads quickly, and can cause epidemics in the population, mainly through droplet transmission.
What are the typical symptoms of the flu?
The main symptoms are high fever, chills, chills, and obvious headache, fatigue, muscle aches and other systemic symptoms. There are often cough, sore throat, runny nose or nasal congestion, vomiting and diarrhea, etc., and mild respiratory symptoms. Children have more gastrointestinal symptoms than ** and are common in influenza B. In healthy young patients, it is more likely to have a benign course and fewer complications;However, in infants, young children, the elderly, and some patients with chronic diseases, it can cause more serious complications.
How to identify a severe case?
A person with influenza who has one or more of the following conditions is a severe influenza case:
1. Dyspnea and/or increased respiratory rate: 30 min for children over 5 years old1 to 5 years old" 40 min;2 to 12 months of age" 50 min;Newborns to 2 months of age》60 min;
2. Mental changes: unresponsiveness, drowsiness, restlessness, convulsions, etc.;
3. Severe vomiting, diarrhea, and dehydration;4. Oliguria, or acute renal failure;
5. Combined with pneumonia;
6. Obvious aggravation of pre-existing underlying diseases;
7. Other clinical conditions requiring hospitalization**.
What is the difference between the flu and the common cold?
Systemic symptoms of influenza are worse than those of the common cold;Tracking the epidemiological history can help differentiate;A negative test for influenza etiology of the common cold may reveal evidence of an infectious agent.
How are antiviral drugs for influenza used?
In order to reduce influenza complications and shorten the length of hospital stay in children, antiviral drugs should be used as soon as possible within 48 hours of onset, and antiviral drugs should be used as soon as possible without waiting for pathogen results if there are relevant clinical manifestations and influenza epidemiological history.
How to prevent the flu?
1. Vaccination.
Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza and can significantly reduce the risk of influenza and serious complications in the vaccinated person.
2. Drug prevention.
Pharmacological prophylaxis is not a substitute for vaccination, and should only be used as an urgent temporary preventive measure for people at high risk of severe influenza who have not been vaccinated or who have not yet acquired immunity after vaccination.
3. General precautions.
Maintaining good personal hygiene is an important means of preventing respiratory infections such as influenza, and we should do the following 5 things to prevent them:
1. Enhance physical fitness and immunity;
2. Wash your hands frequently;If you cough or sneeze, cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or towel, wash your hands after coughing or sneezing, and try to avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth
3. Keep the environment clean and ventilated;Try to minimize activities in crowded places, and when parents with flu symptoms go to the hospital, they should protect the child and themselves (such as wearing a mask) at the same time to avoid cross-infection.
4. Avoid contact with patients with respiratory tract infectionsIf you have a family member who has the flu, try to avoid contact with each other.
5. When there are influenza-like cases in schools, childcare institutions and other collective units, children should rest at home to reduce the spread of the disease.