In October 1934, after suffering heavy losses in the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression, the Red Army was surrounded by hundreds of thousands of Kuomintang troops, and the situation was extremely grim.
In search of hope for survival and development, they made the difficult decision to embark on a long journey.
At that time, the leadership of the Red Army was in the hands of Bogu, Li De and others, ** excluded, his name was not on the initial transfer list, and it was clear that they intended to make him "disappear".
**After learning about it, he personally came to the door, Bogu and others reluctantly agreed to him to participate in the Long March, but arranged him into the "** Third Column", which was actually just a logistics support team for horsemen, porters and stretcher members.
At that time, there were only a dozen guards and fighters around ***, and there was no one else. At this moment, a young man came up to *** and said, "Chairman, I choose to follow you. ”
Looking at the young man, ** asked movingly: "You go with me, what about your section chief?" The young man replied, "I will do both of them and make sure that things don't get delayed." ”
This young man followed *** on the Long March and took care of him silently along the way, which made *** deeply gratified. Who is he? He is Long Kaifu, who was the chief of the Fourth Section of the Headquarters of the Red First Army.
Since the beginning of the revolution, he has always been by his side and is full of admiration for ***. Because of this, in times of crisis, he chose to stand up. Long Kaifu was born in 1908 in Baishu Village, Huotian Town, Chaling County, Hunan Province.
Since his parents died when he was a child, he was raised by his aunt Long Juying. In 1926, when the Northern Expeditionary Army passed through Hunan, Long Kaifu responded to the call, and at the age of 18, he joined the local peasant association and devoted himself to the agricultural movement.
However, after the defeat of the Great Revolution, underground party organizations in many parts of Hunan were destroyed, and warlords carried out frequent raids and arrests. Despite this, Long Kaifu was not intimidated, but strengthened his revolutionary beliefs.
In November 1927, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army occupied Chaling County, and Long Kaifu hid in the east for half a year, and finally saw the dawn. He quickly rushed to the county seat of Chaling and joined the revolutionary team led by *** himself.
However, the Kuomintang Hunan Army soon attacked Chaling, and led the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army to return to Ninggang City from Chaling Lake to reorganize the troops. Long Kaifu was incorporated into the 3rd Battalion of the 1st Regiment of the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army and began his revolutionary career.
At first, the secretary of the third battalion thought that Long Kaifu was a little honest, so he put him in charge of carrying water. Long Kaifu is a simple person, although he was arranged to do this work, he did not complain, and carried a bucket to deliver water to the leaders every day.
**Noticing Long Kaifu's serious attitude, seeing that his face was unfamiliar, one day, when Long Kaifu delivered water again, **suddenly asked him: "Are you **person?"
How old is it? Long Kaifu stood up and replied, "I am from Chaling, and I am 18 years old this year. ”
You have to find newspapers and books on our march, and give them to me when you find them, and you will burn them what I have read, and keep them if you want to keep them. "A police officer is a combination of a guard and a communicator.
At that time, the former enemy committee did not have a fixed station, and would act with the troops, and the former committee did not have any wealth, all the seals, documents, manuscripts, and books were packed in two leather baskets, so Long Kaifu's task was to carry these two leather baskets to follow the troops.
At that time, there were few personnel in the former committee organs, and there were only four people: Tan Zheng, Yang Yuebin, He Zizhen and Long Kaifu. Later, the addition of Jiang Hua, Sun Kaichu and others made the team even stronger.
Tan Zheng was the secretary of the former committee, responsible for the collation and transcription of documents; He Zizhen is responsible for sorting out and copying materials for ***; Yang Yuebin is a propaganda officer, responsible for the liaison between the former committee and the Youth League headquarters.
No matter when, these four people always fight side by side with ***, and it can be said that they are the core decision-making team of Jinggangshan at that time. Not long after Long Kaifu joined the former committee, he felt a little uncomfortable when he saw that the guards and communicators had guns, but he only had a flat pole and a leather basket as a **.
One day, he asked Tan Zheng: "Secretary Tan, what kind of police officer do you think I am?" Tan Zheng saw his confusion and explained: "What you are doing is actually the work of a confidential custodian.
The documents and materials of the entire former committee are with you, and you also need to collect books and newspapers for you, and keep the seals, which are all very important tasks. ”
** I met Long Kaifu while walking, and he told Long Kaifu that he was his own orderly, and he was a guard like Yang Meisheng and Li Yinqin. ** Explained that although Long Kaifu's job duty is to be responsible for police communication with a flat shoulder, he also has to go to the battlefield at critical moments.
**'s explanation made Long Kaifu understand the importance of his work, and he was very happy to accept this arrangement. Since then, Tan Zheng has also included Long Kaifu in the list of *** guards, in addition to his own work, he also has to stand guard with other guards.
Although this made his work heavier, Long Kaifu felt more motivated to work.
In late February 1928, the Workers' and Peasants' Revolutionary Army successfully conquered Xincheng in Ninggang, Jiangxi Province, and completely annihilated the enemy army. Behind this victory, Long Kaifu played an important role.
He kept in mind the task given to him by ***, and while others were busy cleaning up the battlefield, he trotted all the way to the Tianfu management office in the city, found two large baskets of "books and newspapers", and successfully delivered them to ***'s side.
However, when he was expecting to be praised, ** rummaged through the basket and said with a wry smile: "Kaifu, what you picked up is a load of Tianfu inventory, not the Marxist-Leninist books and reactionary newspapers I wanted." ”
Long Kaifu was puzzled, and he asked, "Commissar Mao, I don't know what books and newspapers you want." * patiently explained: "What I want is a Marxist-Leninist book and a reactionary newspaper.
Don't you understand? Long Kaifu replied: "Commissar Mao, how can I recognize any Marxist-Leninist book when I can't read half a word when I open my eyes?" * comforted him and said, "Oh, you can't read?
And it's no wonder. Come, I'll teach you how to read. Let's start with the four words 'Marxism-Leninism'. ”
**Personally guided Long Kaifu to learn culture, and taught him to write by hand, which benefited him a lot. Long Kaifu is very devoted to learning, and his ideological consciousness has been significantly improved.
He began to actively seek out newspapers and books, and with his experience and judgment, he went specifically to the homes of the wealthy in search of valuable information. ** I was very satisfied with this, and often saw it in the middle of the night, and would share these marked newspapers with Tan Zheng and others, praising Long Kaifu's contribution to understanding the political situation in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces.
There was a party group in the former party organ, and Tan Zheng was the leader. At a meeting, he stressed that the former committee attached great importance to the development of party members among the soldiers, and that the organs could not ignore this issue.
Long Kaifu is the porter of the former committee, and he is also a confidential person, and his political reliability requirements are very high. Therefore, party membership should become the basic requirement for him to join the party organization.
The party group decided that Tan Zheng would be the cultivator and introducer of Long Kaifu. A few days later, Tan Zheng met Long Kaifu in the courtyard, and he decided to test Long Kaifu's knowledge and ask him if he knew what a Communist Party member was.
I know that the revolution is the Communist Party, but what are the party members? Tan Zheng asked Long Kaifu with a smile, Long Kaifu scratched his head, and he said embarrassedly: "You and Secretary Yang are both party members." ”
Do you know the difference between a party member and a non-party member? Long Kaifu thought for a long time before he replied uncertainly: "Those who become cadres are all party members, and others ......."Tan Zheng couldn't help laughing, Long Kaifu knew that he had answered wrong, and a red cloud appeared on his face.
Tan Zheng said to Long Kaifu seriously: "Not all party members are cadres, no matter what status people are, they can join the party, as long as they are advanced elements among the toiling masses, they can become party members."
Advanced molecules, you know? ”
If that's the case, I'll be sure to pick my leather basket. ”
After Tan Zheng's talk, Long Kaifu had a deeper understanding of the concept of "Communist Party member". He did a better job of keeping and transporting documents and newspapers, and showed the quality of an excellent party member.
In mid-May 1928, ** sent a battalion of the 31st Regiment of the Red Fourth Army to attack Chaling Gaolong, and Long Kaifu followed the action. Gaolong's defenders only resisted for a while before fleeing, and Long Kaifu immediately began to look for books and newspapers after entering Gaolong, and stuffed them into cloth bags when he saw them.
The next day, the Hunan army and the Chaling door-to-door regiment attacked Gaolong, and in the fierce battle, the battalion commander Yuan Yimin unfortunately died, and Mao Zetan, the representative of the battalion party, decided to withdraw from Gaolong. On May 18th, ** and ** led the Red 28th Regiment and the 1st Battalion of the Red 31st Regiment to rendezvous, and successfully defeated Gao Long's pursuers.
Long Kaifu returned to Maoping alone with the books and newspapers, and although the mountain road was rugged and the road was slippery in rainy days, the load of books and newspapers was safe and sound. As soon as he put down his burden, he learned the news that ** led the army to recover Yongxin County, and he picked up the flat shoulder and cheered the victory with everyone.
Long Kaifu, who had performed well, was believed by Tan Zheng and others to be recruited into the party, and in early June, the party branch of the special committee held a party joining ceremony for him in Tan Zheng's office and bedroom room.
On the thirtieth day of the Chinese New Year's Eve in 1929, ** and ** led the Red Fourth Army to Dabaidi on the border of Ruijin and Ningdu, and decided to take advantage of the favorable terrain here to fight an ambush battle and teach the trailing enemy troops a lesson.
On the afternoon of the first day of the Lunar New Year, the avant-garde units of the Red Fourth Army exchanged fire with an enemy regiment, and the soldiers fought and retreated.
In an instant, the Red Fourth Army launched a general attack, and the sound of guns and shouts of killing was deafening. However, due to the extreme shortage of bullets, the fighters had to engage in a life-and-death battle with the enemy with stones and bayonets.
In the midst of the fierce battle, a group of enemy troops suddenly rushed to the front office, and seeing that there was no way out, they immediately ordered the police to go into battle to kill the enemy. He Qingyuan, the platoon commander of the police communication, asked: "We went up, who will protect you?" ”
** replied: "I don't want to be protected, I'll go too, give me a gun, and go charge together." At this time, Long Kaifu, who was carrying a leather basket, saw that he wanted a gun, and immediately picked up a flat pole and walked up to him, and said resolutely: "I will also charge." ”
** Anxiously dissuaded: "You guard the leather basket, and those documents are also very important." However, He Zizhen was inconvenient to come forward because she was pregnant, so she said that she stayed to read the documents.
Under the leadership of ***, the police platoon bravely and fearlessly rushed towards the enemy. In the fierce battle, Long Kaifu and He Qingyuan and others killed the enemy while guarding Commissar Mao.
This is the first and only time to charge on the battlefield, the Red Army soldiers learned that their morale was greatly boosted, not only won the ambush battle, but also took advantage of the situation to capture Changting City.
The troops were reorganized after they arrived in Ruijin. The three squads of the police platoon have been reassigned and replenished. ** Long Kaifu was recommended to the soldiers of the police platoon: "Long Kaifu is physically strong, has infinite strength, can fight and kill the enemy with a flat shoulder, and he is qualified for the position of squad leader." ”
In this way, Long Kaifu became the squad leader of the first squad of the police platoon, Yang Meisheng was the squad leader of the second squad, and Yang Dezhi was the squad leader of the third squad. Because of Long Kaifu's outstanding performance, in October 1931, he was promoted to political commissar of the artillery battalion of the 1st Red Army.
Later, he was transferred to the 4th Section of the Headquarters of the 1st Red Army Corps as a section chief and participated in the anti-encirclement and suppression operation. In October 1934, due to the failure of the fifth anti-encirclement and suppression, on the 18th, the Red Army in the ** Soviet area began to strategically transfer.
The ** Bureau of the Soviet District, the Headquarters of the Military Commission of the Chinese Soviet, and the cadres and regiments directly under the Soviet Army were organized into two columns, with the Military Commission being the first column and ** being the second column. At that time, Bogu and others excluded *** and did not include him in the transfer list.
It wasn't until *** found it himself that he was assigned to the newly formed third column. In addition to *** and a dozen guards, the rest of the third column were porters, grooms, and stretchers.
For this arrangement, the soldiers of the police platoon who have followed *** for many years are dissatisfied, but they dare not speak out.
**The guard next to him, Long Kaifu, is a reliable person, and he took the initiative to ask to provoke the important task of protecting the Military Commission and ***. His hard work has been highly praised by ***, calling him "Chaling Cow".
With the change of the situation of the struggle, the old guards were transferred to study or combat units, and Long Kaifu was appointed as the commander of the special service battalion, responsible for the security work. Later, he was transferred to the production headquarters of the Central Military Commission as director, although this work was complicated and hard, he still worked hard, actively listened to the opinions of all parties, and did a good job in logistics and production.
His work performance has been affirmed by the leaders of the first class and received special praise at a conference.
During the War of Liberation, Long Kaifu served as the director of the logistics department of the Liaoning West Military Region, the director of the logistics department of the Seventh Column of the Northeast Democratic Alliance Army, and the director of the logistics department of the 44th Army of Siye.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, he served as deputy director of the Ministry of Health of the Ministry of the Northeast Military Region, deputy director of the Logistics Department of the Shenyang Military Region, and second political commissar of the Logistics Department. In 1955 he was awarded the rank of Major General.
On September 9, 1976, Long Kaifu suddenly felt unwell, returned to the house and told his wife: "It seems that I can't do it, you can think about my future." ”
In the afternoon, the People's Radio Station heard the news of his death, and Long Kaifu got up from the bed after hearing it, paced back and forth in the house, suddenly howled and cried, and then fainted to the ground.
Only then did his wife know that *** was gone, and Long Kai, as an old guard, was full of telepathy.
After the death of ***, Long Kaifu's physical condition deteriorated. On January 28, 1977, he fell unconscious from his hospital bed and said to himself: "I was born for ***, and I will die for him." ”
said this sentence repeatedly, and then continued: "Back then, there were 'four riches' around Commissar Mao, including Long Kaifu and Wu Changfu, ......We don't have to discuss, we'll all be back to the chair soon. ”
His wife told him on the side that Commander Yang Yong of the Xinjiang Military Region had airlifted the cantaloupe for him, but Long Kaifu shouted when he heard the name: "No one can eat the cantaloupe sent by Yang Yong, **I have never eaten anything good in my life, I will bring it to the chairman immediately." ”
Then he fell asleep again.
On February 3, 1977, Long Kaifu practiced his loyalty to *** and passed away at the age of 69.