CNC machine tools are usually not directly used to process wood molds for pump casings, because wood molds are mostly made by traditional hand carving or woodworking machinery and equipment (such as band saws, end mills, planers, etc.). However, if it is necessary to use a CNC machine to machine wooden components (e.g. wood models or prototypes) in special cases, the following should be noted:
1.Material Selection & Fixation:
Choose hardwood that is suitable for CNC machining and does not deform easily.
Because the wood is soft and easy to absorb moisture and deform, it is necessary to ensure that the wood is dry and firmly fixed on the workbench during clamping to prevent vibration and displacement during processing.
2.Tool selection and cutting data:
Use specialized woodworking tools, such as HSS or carbide spiral mills, to maintain the right rotational speed and feed rate to reduce wood tearing and flashing.
The cutter should be sharp and the cutting angle should be moderate to avoid excessive cutting force causing the wood to crack or the cutter to be damaged.
3.Programming & Path Planning:
When writing the CNC program, taking into account the characteristics of the wood, the continuous depth of the cut is minimized, and the layered machining is carried out to control the cutting heat and reduce the deformation.
The path should be planned in a way that avoids the direction of the wood grain to obtain a higher quality surface finish.
4.Dust Removal & Safety:
Processing wood on CNC machine tools will produce a large number of wood chips, which requires an effective chip removal system and dust-proof facilities to ensure the safety of the operating environment and the cleanliness of the equipment.
Due to the risk of fire in wood processing, it is important to strengthen fire protection measures during processing and ensure that the equipment is well grounded.
5.Precision control:
Monitoring the accuracy of the processing process, the thermal expansion and contraction of the wood can lead to dimensional changes, so it is necessary to reserve a certain shrinkage margin after processing, and let the wood adapt to the surrounding environment after the completion of the stable size.
6.Surface Treatment:
The processed surface of the wood may require further sanding or polishing to achieve the desired surface quality.
In short, although CNC machine tools are rarely used to process wood molds in actual production, if special circumstances need to be used, the above precautions must be considered. For the pump shell wood mold, the traditional process is still the mainstream, and the CNC technology is more suitable for the precision manufacturing of metal molds.