CCTV *** Focus Interview): Recently, a number of safety production accidents have occurred in many places, resulting in major personnel. The general secretary issued important instructions on several occasions, calling for all-out efforts to treat the injured, find out the cause as soon as possible, and seriously investigate and hold accountable, and stressed that all localities and relevant departments should profoundly learn the lessons of the accident and firmly establish the concept of safe development. Recently, the first national television conference on production safety was held, emphasizing that we should adhere to the supremacy of the people and the supremacy of life, deeply learn lessons, tighten and compact responsibilities, earnestly investigate hidden dangers, pay close attention to the implementation of work, and resolutely curb the repeated occurrence of various safety accidents, ensure the safety of people's lives and property and the overall stability of society, and ensure that the people have a happy and peaceful Spring Festival.
Recently, a number of safety production accidents have occurred in many places, resulting in major personnel. It is very painful and the lesson is profound.
Wang Chongxian, director of the Department of Comprehensive Coordination of Work Safety of the Ministry of Emergency Management: "Since the beginning of this year, in less than two weeks, three major accidents have occurred in Henan, Jiangxi and other places. In addition, Jiangsu, Fujian, Shandong, Shanxi and other places have also successively caused a greater impact of dust, petrochemical, fire, road traffic and other accidents, some are still major accident-related accidents, showing a trend of frequent accidents, and the safety production situation is extremely grim. ”
On January 24, a fire broke out in a shop on a street in Yushui District, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, killing 39 people and injuring 9 others. On January 19, a fire broke out in a dormitory of Yingcai School in Yanshanpu Village, Dushu Town, Fangcheng County, Nanyang, Henan Province, killing 13 people. On November 16, 2023, a fire broke out in an office building of Yongju Coal Mine in Luliang City, Shanxi Province, killing 26 people and injuring 38 others.
On January 25, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province held a press conference to report on the "1.24" catastrophic fire accident. According to the report, the cause of the accident was preliminarily ascertained, and during the renovation of the cold storage on the basement floor of the burning building, the construction personnel violated the fire construction and caused it.
Hu Anxiong, first-level commander of the Fire Supervision Department of the National Fire and Rescue Administration: "This disaster occurred during the day, but it caused major personnel, the construction personnel did not have the corresponding qualifications, and the construction site did not implement effective safety protection measures. The roof, walls and columns of the basement cold storage have been sprayed with polyurethane foam materials, that is, thermal insulation materials, which have a characteristic of small ignition energy, which is particularly easy to ignite, and will produce a large amount of toxic flue gas such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide after combustion. ”
In the fire scene, the number of safety exits is insufficient, the evacuation channels are occupied and blocked, the doors and windows of densely populated places are illegally set up with anti-theft nets and billboards, and the emergency broadcasting, emergency lighting and evacuation indication signs are damaged and fail to play a role, which also affects the evacuation of personnel and makes it difficult to escape.
The fire at the "1.19" Elite School in Nanyang, Henan Province occurred in the dormitory of primary school students. According to the relevant regulations, the number of students living in each dormitory of primary and secondary schools should not exceed 6, and the average area occupied by each student should not be less than 3 square meters. However, the construction area of the student dormitory is about 54 square meters, and there are as many as 33 boarding students, with an average area of about 1 per person6 square meters, overcrowded.
Hu Anxiong: "In the event of a fire in this kind of place, it is often easy to create **staff**, and most of the accommodation personnel are primary and secondary school students, and the awareness of fire safety and evacuation and escape ability are insufficient. In order to facilitate management, the dormitory may be equipped with anti-theft nets on the exterior windows, some may be iron fences, and some may lock the door of the dormitory at night, and it will be difficult to evacuate in the event of a fire. In addition, fatal fires in student dormitories generally occur at night, resulting in late fire detection, late alarm, and untimely evacuation. ”
After the fire accident in the office building of Yongju Coal Mine in Luliang City, Shanxi Province, the first safety committee supervised the investigation and handling of the accident, and required that the office buildings, bathrooms, lamp rooms, canteens, dormitories, sheds and other densely populated places of industrial and mining enterprises be included in the key supervision, and the safety of fire, electricity and gas should be strictly investigated.
In response to the "1.24" particularly major fire accident in the store on Xinyu Street in Jiangxi, an investigation team was established to require the local government to deeply learn the lessons of the accident, tighten and compact safety responsibilities, and quickly carry out the investigation and rectification of fire safety hazards in "nine small places".
Hu Anxiong: "'Nine small places' is a general term or general term for some small-scale production and operation sites, including some small schools, kindergartens, small hospitals, small shops, small restaurants, small Internet cafes and so on. Because of the small size of the "nine small places", in order to save costs, some of them illegally build mezzanines, illegal residents, and illegal storage of items in the premises, forming a 'three-in-one' and increasing the risk of deadly fires. The space of this kind of place is limited, and the wires are often connected privately, the safety exit is insufficient, and some are still locked on the evacuation doors and windows, and the fire-fighting facilities are relatively simple, generally only fire extinguishers. These business owners and practitioners have relatively weak safety awareness and relatively insufficient firefighting skills, and they are often both the perpetrators and victims of fires. ”
The recent disasters have fully exposed that some places and enterprises do not have a firm concept of safety development, emphasizing efficiency and ignoring safety, there are paralyzing thoughts and luck psychology, and problems such as not learning the lessons of past fires and repeating the mistakes of the past repeatedly. In view of the recent major and particularly major fire accidents in China, the National Fire and Rescue Administration decided to organize and carry out a large-scale rectification action for fire safety in a centralized manner across the country from January 26 to the end of March. The large-scale rectification action focuses on three types of places: "nine small places", multi-format mixed production and operation sites, and densely populated places, and focuses on rectifying three prominent problems: illegal construction operations and production and operation, insufficient safety evacuation conditions, and illegal setting of anti-theft nets and billboards.
Hu Anxiong: "Resolutely rectify the outstanding risks and hidden dangers such as occupying fire passages, closing safety exits, and illegal operations, tighten and consolidate the safety responsibilities of all departments at all levels, especially at the grassroots level, and strive to improve the self-management ability of social units, the emergency response ability of employees and the evacuation and escape ability of residents, and resolutely prevent and curb the occurrence of major fire accidents." ”
Recently, in addition to the occurrence of major fire accidents, mine accidents have also shown a frequent trend. On November 28, 2023, a gas accident occurred in the Shuangyang Coal Mine of Shuangyashan Mining Co., Ltd. of Longmei Group in Heilongjiang Province, killing 11 people. On December 20, 2023, an underground mine truck transportation accident occurred at the Kunyuan Coal Mine in Hengshan District, Jixi City, Heilongjiang Province, killing 12 people and injuring 13 others. On January 12, 2024, a coal and gas outburst accident occurred in the 12th mine of Tian'an Coal Industry Co., Ltd. of Pingmei Shenma Group in Henan Province, killing 16 people.
Li Hao, deputy director of the Accident Investigation and Statistics Department of the State Mine Safety Supervision Bureau: "Mines are traditional high-risk industries with strong technology, and the strictest on-site management must be implemented. The recent accident reflects the chaotic on-site management of both large and small mining enterprises, and the safety management system is virtually non-existent. The actual controllers of some enterprises have weak legal awareness, only want to make money and do not want to invest, the management team and technical team building are weak, and there is a lack of training and education for practitioners who should know and should know. In some places, there are deviations in the overall development and safety concept, which are not combined with the actual safety production of local mines, and do not exceed the intensity limit to issue production tasks and indicators under the condition of ensuring safety. With the continuous overcapacity of some enterprises, the time and space for disaster management have been seriously compressed, and the facilities and equipment have been operating at high load for a long time, and even 'sick' operation. ”
In response to the successive coal mine gas accidents and major coal mine transportation accidents in Heilongjiang Province, at the end of 2023, the Office of the **Safety Committee will interview the people of Heilongjiang Province**. The interview pointed out that in 2023, the safety production situation in Heilongjiang Province is very severe and complex, and as of the date of the interview, there have been 3 major accidents and 17 major accidents. The two major accidents in Shuangyang Coal Mine in Shuangyashan City and Kunyuan Coal Mine in Jixi City not only caused the most important accidents, but also had the problem of concealing and lying about the report. It has exposed that local lessons are not learned profoundly, the awareness of the rule of law in enterprises is weak, the concealment and lying of accidents are repeatedly prohibited, and the security permits are broken at all levels, the supervision and law enforcement are "lax and soft", and the hidden dangers are superficial.
Li Hao: "The State Mine Safety Supervision Bureau will urge all kinds of mining enterprises in all localities to effectively unify their thoughts and actions to the spirit of the important instructions of the general secretary, carry out law enforcement inspections strictly and accurately, and strictly 'crack down on non-violations'." For mine safety issues that have been delayed for a long time, or where the rectification letter and suggestion letter are not implemented and there is no feedback, we will seriously carry out interviews, reports, and strict investigation and handling of mine accidents, seriously and accurately pursue responsibility, and disclose the accident investigation report to the public. ”
The Spring Festival is approaching, and the prevention of safety production accidents should not be ignored while rushing the construction period and progress. On January 20, dust occurred in the production workshop of Shenrong Metal Technology in Changzhou, Jiangsu, causing a total of 8 deaths and 8 minor injuries. After the accident, the Ministry of Emergency Management notified the accident at the National Industry and Trade Industry Dust Explosion-related Enterprise Accident Warning Conference. The report pointed out that the "1.20" dust accident exposed outstanding problems such as the non-implementation of the main responsibility of the enterprise, the low quality of investigation and rectification of major risks and hidden dangers, and the inaccurate and in-depth law enforcement inspection.
Wang Chongxian: "An in-depth analysis of these accidents shows that some localities and enterprises have the phenomenon of rushing for output, construction period, and progress to varying degrees, and the problem of emphasizing efficiency over safety is more prominent. In some localities and enterprises, paralysis and luck are very prominent, and supervision and law enforcement are lenient, lax, and soft. Some enterprises have accidents just after safety acceptance, and some departments have passed the buck to some safety management of multi-format mixed operations, 'nine small places', and crowded places, and safety responsibility measures have not really fallen to the end of the grassroots level. Some chemical plants have entered the aging period, and the 'nine small places' are multifaceted, and the safety awareness of employees and the public is not high, and some even have no safety awareness. ”
This year's Spring Festival holiday has been extended compared with previous years, the masses have a strong willingness to travel, and all kinds of safety risks have risen.
Wang Chongxian: "In this regard, the first safety committee has issued an emergency notice, one is to highlight the safety precautions of the Spring Festival, increase the investigation and rectification of potential safety hazards of various transportation vehicles, and strictly prevent the operation of key facilities and equipment 'sick' and the violation of laws and regulations by personnel in key positions. The second is to strengthen risk management in crowded places. In terms of mines, it is necessary to strictly prevent super-capacity and super-intensity assault production, and in terms of hazardous chemicals, it is necessary to upgrade the management of special operations such as fires during festivals, and to do a good job in safety supervision in the peak season of production and sales of fireworks and firecrackers. At the same time, the relevant departments should release severe weather forecast and early warning information through multiple channels, wide coverage and multiple frequencies, and do a good job in emergency rescue and on-site disposal in case of emergencies. ”
These distressing safety accidents have left us with a profound lesson, although the specific causes of these accidents are different, but there are often human management factors, emphasizing efficiency over safety, ignoring rules and regulations and potential safety hazards, and always having a fluke mentality of "thinking that nothing will happen", which has led to serious consequences. Safety production is a down-to-earth, meticulous and meticulous work, we must strengthen the sense of risk and responsibility, and there must be no slackness or sloppiness. All localities and relevant departments should maintain a high degree of vigilance as if walking on thin ice, and grasp safe production with a sense of responsibility of "always rest assured", and each of us should also enhance our safety awareness and learn the necessary safety and risk avoidance skills.