Hello everyone, today we're going to talkWhat is a three-electric system。The three-electric system is the core technology of new energy vehicles, which includes:BatteryMotorswithElectrically controlledThe three parts, which are responsible for supplying, converting and managing electrical energy, determine the performance, range and safety of new energy vehicles. Below I will introduce the basic concepts and characteristics of the three-electric system from the following aspects.
The battery is the power of new energy vehicles, and it is also the most expensive and technically difficult part of the three-electric system. The main function of a battery is to store electrical energy and release it when needed to power the motor. The performance indicators of the battery mainly include capacity, energy density, power density, cycle life, safety, etc., and different indicators reflect the advantages and disadvantages of different aspects of the battery. At present, new energy vehicles mainly use lithium-ion batteries, which can be divided into lithium iron phosphate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese oxide, ternary lithium and other types according to different cathode materials, each with its own characteristics and applicable scenarios.
The structure of a battery is generally composed of cells, modules, battery packs, and battery management systems. The battery cell is the basic unit of the battery, which is composed of the positive electrode, the negative electrode, the separator, the electrolyte, etc., and is the energy carrier of the battery. The module is to connect a certain number of battery cells to form a functional unit to increase the voltage and capacity of the battery. The battery pack is a combination of multiple modules and put them into a protective shell to form a complete battery system for the whole vehicle. The battery management system is the brain of the battery, which is responsible for monitoring and controlling various parameters of the battery, such as voltage, current, temperature, remaining power, etc., to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery.
The motor is the power actuator of new energy vehicles, and it is also the lightest and most efficient part of the three-electric system. The main function of the motor is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, drive the wheels to rotate, and realize the movement of the vehicle. The performance indicators of the motor mainly include power, torque, speed, efficiency, noise, vibration, etc., and different indicators reflect the advantages and disadvantages of different aspects of the motor. At present, new energy vehicles mainly use AC motors, which can be divided into permanent magnet synchronous motors, induction asynchronous motors, switched reluctance motors and other types according to different magnetic fields, each with its own characteristics and applicable scenarios.
The structure of the motor is generally composed of stator, rotor, bearing, shell, etc. The stator is a fixed part of the motor, which is composed of a stator core and stator windings, which are used to generate a rotating magnetic field. The rotor is the rotating part of the motor, which is composed of the rotor core and the rotor winding or permanent magnet, which is used to rotate with the stator magnetic field to generate torque. The bearing is the supporting part of the motor, which is used to support the rotation of the rotor, reducing friction and wear. The shell is the protective part of the motor, which is used to fix the various parts of the motor to prevent dust, moisture, foreign matter, etc. from entering the motor, affecting the performance and life of the motor.
Electronic control is the power manager of new energy vehicles, and it is also the part with the highest degree of intelligence and the most complex function in the three-electric system. The main function of electronic control is to control the working state of the battery and motor, realize the reasonable distribution and optimal utilization of electric energy, and improve the dynamics, economy, safety and comfort of the vehicle. The performance indicators of electronic control mainly include control accuracy, response speed, reliability, compatibility, etc., and different indicators reflect the advantages and disadvantages of different aspects of electronic control. At present, new energy vehicles mainly use a digital electronic control system based on microprocessors, which can be divided into battery controllers, motor controllers, vehicle controllers and other types according to different control objects, each with its own characteristics and functions.
The structure of electronic control is generally composed of controllers, sensors, actuators, communication networks, etc. The controller is the core part of the electronic control, which is composed of microprocessors, memories, interface circuits, etc., which are used to execute control algorithms and realize the monitoring and control of batteries and motors. The sensor is the sensing part of the electronic control, which is composed of voltage sensor, current sensor, temperature sensor, speed sensor, position sensor, etc., which is used to collect the parameters of the battery and motor and feed back to the controller. The actuator is the executive part of the electronic control, which is composed of relays, contactors, circuit breakers, inverters, etc., which are used to control the switching, connection, conversion and other actions of the battery and the motor according to the instructions of the controller. The communication network is the connection part of the electronic control, which is composed of buses, protocols, interfaces, etc., which is used to realize the internal and external data exchange of the electronic control system and ensure the coordination and consistency of the electronic control system.
The above is what I introduced to you about the three-electric system, I hope it will be helpful to you. If you still have any questions or ideas, please leave a message in the comment area, and I will try to reply. I am a ten-year car repair master, Lao Zhang, we will see you next time!Three electrics