Artificial intelligence is a new field of human development. As an important driving force leading a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, the in-depth expansion of artificial intelligence technology not only profoundly changes people's production, life and learning methods, but also brings major opportunities for human society to achieve human-machine collaboration, cross-border integration, and co-creation and sharing, but also brings various uncertain risks and global challenges such as data competition, data security risks, intellectual property infringement risks, false information or malignant content risks, and technological hegemony risks, which need to be addressed by the international community. **In his keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the 3rd Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, the Chairman proposed the Global Artificial Intelligence Governance Initiative (hereinafter referred to as the "Initiative"), which is a concrete action for China to actively practice the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind and implement the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative and the Global Civilization Initiative.
Actively practice the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind.
The Initiative systematically elaborates on the three aspects of development, security and governance, puts forward constructive solutions to the development and governance of artificial intelligence that are of common concern to all parties, contributes Chinese wisdom and Chinese solutions, embodies China's responsibility as a major country, and is of great significance for jointly building a community with a shared future for mankind.
Promote the establishment of an "people-oriented" and "intelligent for good" artificial intelligence development ecosystem. The development of AI technology is not only related to the interests of a country or a place, but also the common interests of all mankind. The Initiative adheres to the tenet of "intelligence for good" and the concept of "people-oriented", provides the world with a new perspective of AI co-governance based on the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, and can effectively promote countries to strengthen information exchange and technical cooperation in AI governance. The Initiative actively supports the use of artificial intelligence to help sustainable development, respond to global challenges such as climate change and biodiversity conservation, and is committed to ensuring the development of artificial intelligence in a direction conducive to the progress of human civilization. The Initiative emphasizes that all countries in the world should work together to prevent risks, continuously improve the safety, reliability, controllability and fairness of AI technology, and promote the formation of an AI development approach characterized by safety, controllability and risk orientation, so that AI technology can truly contribute to global development and empower mankind to live a better life.
The traditional global governance system embodies more protection of Western hegemony and unilateralism, while the new global governance concept attaches more importance to the unification and rationalization of international standards and rules. The Initiative supports the formation of an AI governance framework and standards with broad consensus on the basis of full respect for national policies and practices, and advocates discussing the establishment of an international AI governance body under the framework of the United Nations, so as to promote the formation of a universal and systematic scientific plan for global AI governance. The Initiative emphasizes enhancing the representation and voice of developing countries in the global governance of AI, ensuring equal rights, equal opportunities and equal rules for AI development and governance in all countries, and advocates international cooperation and assistance for developing countries to continuously bridge the intelligence gap and governance capacity gap, which will help resolve the practical dilemma of the lack of collective action and fragmented governance plans for AI governance, and promote global AI governance towards multilateralism and fairness and justice. Enhance the understanding and recognition of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind in all countries of the world.
Contribute to China's solutions in promoting global AI governance.
As a responsible AI power, China has never forgotten its original aspiration of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and has been an active promoter, participant and contributor in the field of global AI governance, accumulating valuable experience in the practice of AI governance.
With the goal of "responsible and sustainable", we will explore the construction of an artificial intelligence governance ecology that combines first-class governance and enterprise autonomy. In recent years, the relevant guidance documents, laws and regulations related to AI governance at the national and local levels have been continuously regulated, and relevant departments have issued policy documents and local regulations such as the Principles for the Governance of a New Generation of Artificial Intelligence - Developing Responsible Artificial Intelligence, the Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Civil Cases Related to the Use of Facial Recognition Technology to Process Personal Information, and the Regulations on the Promotion of Artificial Intelligence Industry in the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone. In addition, the state has successively issued two important relevant policy documents in the past two years, including the "Opinions on Strengthening the Ethical Governance of Science and Technology" issued by the Office of the Central Committee of the People's Republic of China and the Office of the State Council in March 2022, and the "Interim Measures for the Management of Generative AI Services" issued by the Cyberspace Administration of China, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, and the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television in July 2023, to promote the healthy development and standardized application of artificial intelligence. At the same time, leading enterprises such as Tencent, Megvii, etc. have actively explored artificial intelligence governance, and have successively released "Tencent Artificial Intelligence *** Ubiquitous Intelligence", "2021 Top Ten Artificial Intelligence Trends", "Artificial Intelligence Application Guidelines", etc., and open-sourced the paddle adversarial sample toolkit ADVBOX, federated learning framework Paddlefl, etc., and established the AI Ethics Committee, AI Governance Research Institute and other institutions.
Adhere to the principle of "ethics first", and actively make suggestions and suggestions for global AI governance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has paid more and more attention to the ethics of science and technology, clearly put forward that science and technology ethics is the value criterion that must be followed in science and technology activities, and incorporated science and technology ethics into the top-level policy design, actively advocated "people-oriented" and "intelligence for good" in the international community, and is committed to improving the understanding of AI ethics in all countries. In December 2021, China submitted the "China's Position Paper on Regulating the Military Application of Artificial Intelligence" to the Sixth Review Conference of the United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Diseases. In November 2022, China submitted the "China's Position Paper on Strengthening the Ethical Governance of Artificial Intelligence" to the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Convention on Specific Practices. The propositions in these documents combine China's policy and practice in the field of science and technology ethics, refer to the beneficial achievements of the international community, adhere to the well-being of mankind, adhere to fairness and justice, and contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions to solve the global AI governance problem.
Give full play to the leading role of policies to promote the innovation and development of the artificial intelligence industry. In July 2017, the "New Generation Artificial Intelligence Development Plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan") was issued, which established the three-step strategic goal of the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence and raised artificial intelligence to the national strategic level. Since then, various ministries and commissions have successively issued a total of 19 relevant supporting policies to further implement the Plan in various fields such as science and technology, education, agriculture, forestry and grassland, and transportation, and Shenzhen, Beijing, Chengdu and other places have also successively issued relevant development policies and goals for the artificial intelligence industry. According to the "2022 Global Artificial Intelligence Innovation Index Report" released by the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China, the Chinese AI Innovation Index has maintained the second level in the world in the past three years, and the number of advantageous indicators has continued to grow from 15 in 2021 to 18 in 2022, and the development of Chinese artificial intelligence has achieved remarkable results. At the same time, in the "14th Five-Year Plan" National Informatization Plan, the frequency of artificial intelligence words is as high as 47 times, much higher than the number of times it appears in the "13th Five-Year Plan" National Informatization Plan, which also indicates that the country will increase support for the development of the artificial intelligence industry, and policy guidance is crucial to the future development of the artificial intelligence industry.
Actively promote the construction of a global AI governance system with a transformative attitude.
At present, artificial intelligence is increasingly cross-national, cross-cultural and cross-field. The huge technological dividends have also led to more and more risks, highlighting the importance, necessity and urgency of building a community with a shared future for mankind, and it is necessary to plan for the long term and actively promote the construction of a global AI governance system with a transformative attitude.
Consolidate the pluralistic co-governance system. On the one hand, global AI governance cannot rely on a single country, and we should resolutely resist the monopoly and monopoly of a few key countries in the field of AI, and promote coordinated governance by all countries. On the other hand, artificial intelligence governance should not only be dominated by a single sovereign, nor should it fantasize about a utopian governance model, but should carry out multi-level collaborative cooperation, mobilize all stakeholders to collaborate and co-govern, and develop a governance model that is more in line with the development requirements of the artificial intelligence era through the coordination and interaction between international organizations, enterprises, public sectors, research institutions, educational institutions, enterprises, social organizations and the public.
Build a resilient governance framework. In the context of the dynamic development of technology, the global governance of artificial intelligence not only needs to anchor technological change in the value system, but also needs to guide and regulate the development of artificial intelligence on the basis of grasping the technical complexity, high-frequency innovation and strategic sensitivity of artificial intelligence, aiming at the new situation and new problems of artificial intelligence application. Therefore, a flexible governance framework should be built, which not only emphasizes the role of "hard ethics", but also pays attention to the effect of "soft ethics" to prevent risks and meet needs. In fact, resilient governance is both flexible and efficient, as well as more adaptable.
Strengthen the construction of multilateral platforms. There are inevitably differences in the "risk appetite" of countries in global AI governance, and the regulatory framework established by a single country in line with its own interests cannot solve the practical problems in AI governance, so it is necessary to embed inter-country regulation into the international mechanism, and actively seek to build a multilateral AI supervision and cooperation platform to balance the relationship between regulation and innovation. It is necessary to support international industry associations, alliances and service organizations to build a global service platform for AI enterprises, to be both a "cooperative regulator" of AI and a "competitive participant" of AI, and to realize the whole-process supervision of AI algorithm design, product development and application of results through multilateral supervision and cooperation platforms, so as to promote the formation of a global system.
1. Transparent and explainable AI regulatory governance order.
AI governance is a common issue faced by all countries in the world. Based on the content of the Initiative and guided by the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind, we should accelerate the construction of a global AI governance system with broad consensus, so as to inject impetus into the international community to jointly respond to the challenges of the times and promote peace and development for mankind.
*: Study Times.