Around the 90s of the last century, the international drastic changes in Eastern Europe and the disintegration of the Soviet Union caused a heavy setback to the cause of socialism; There have also been some turbulence in the country, deep-seated contradictions in the economic system have been increasingly exposed, and China's reform and development have encountered many challenges.
In this context, some people question the reform and opening up, and some even advocate the view of "reform and opening up with the surname of the capital and the surname of the society". In the face of a complex political situation, the retired *** is deeply dissatisfied.
He believes that as long as we adhere to the idea of "taking economic construction as the center," we will certainly be able to overcome all difficulties. Therefore, in January 1992, he decided to tour the south again to show his firm belief in reform and opening up with practical actions.
Although he knew the risks of the southern tour were very high, he remained steadfast: "I understand that my worries are justified, but I can't let that stop me from giving up." Real change can only be achieved if you dare to take risks. ”
On January 17, 1992, ** and his family departed from Beijing by train, and the next morning, the train arrived at Wuchang Railway Station. There, ** was warmly greeted by Guan Guangfu, Secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee, Guo Shuyan, Governor of Hubei Province, and Qian Yunlu, Secretary of the Wuhan Municipal Party Committee.
** Expressed pleasure to meet them and walk with them on Platform 1, just 500 meters, to talk. In the conversation, ** mentioned his worries about formalism and bureaucracy, he believed that we should do more practical things and less empty words, and used this as an example, mentioned the concise style of *** and ***'s articles and speeches, and he suggested that this issue should be grasped.
**A speech at the southern station caught Guan Guangfu and others off guard, he thought that ***'s trip to the south was to relax and rest, but he didn't expect *** to make such an important speech just after meeting him.
Guan Guangfu and several provincial party committee leaders did not bring tape recorders, nor reporters, or even a piece of paper, so how could they record such an important speech? Fortunately, at this time, Qian Yunlu was in a hurry, he took out the cigarette case in his pocket, tore the cigarette case, and recorded it on it.
** He also talked about adhering to the party's basic line for 100 years, cultivating young talents, and development is the last word, etc., Qian Yunlu couldn't remember a cigarette box at all, he was so anxious that he was sweating profusely, looked around, and luckily found a cigarette case in the nearby grocery kiosk, he immediately grabbed it and tore it open to continue to record.
**'s special train only stopped at Wuchang Railway Station for 20 minutes, but his speech was very informative. **After continuing to take the special train south, Guan Guangfu quickly sorted out the content of his conversation, and then sent the transcript of the conversation back to Beijing.
His enthusiasm and wisdom have injected a strong impetus into China's reform and opening up. On the morning of January 19th, the special train of ** arrived in Shenzhen, and he did not look tired because of the fatigue of the journey, but said excitedly: "When I arrived in Shenzhen, I couldn't sit still!" ”
This trip to the south, with its outstanding insight and foresight, pointed out the direction for China's modernization process. His speech not only had a far-reaching impact in China, but also triggered strong repercussions around the world.
**During my trip to Shenzhen, I witnessed the amazing development speed of Shenzhen from a rural scene in the past to a modern metropolis. He believes that the success of the SEZs lies in upholding public ownership as the mainstay and giving full play to the benefits of foreign capital in taxation and labor services, rather than turning to capitalism.
Even in the early days of the construction of the Special Economic Zone, some people were skeptical of this model, but Shenzhen's success has proved that the surname of the Special Economic Zone is "She" rather than "Capital". When visiting the Shenzhen International Building, it is a prosperous scene overlooking Shenzhen from a high place, and sighing at the great changes in Shenzhen.
Although some people have questioned and criticized him and the way the SEZ has been built, *** insists that the SAR's practice is correct, and those who oppose it are just "talking nonsense".
**Climb up to the revolving restaurant in the World Trade Tower, just turn in the direction of Hong Kong's New Territories. At this time, a service staff pointed to a modern city not far from the window, and said loudly to ***: "That's Hong Kong!" ”
**After listening, he immediately followed the instructions of the service staff and looked out the window, Li Hao added: "That's the Fanling urban area of the New Territories near Shenzhen!" * After reading it, he couldn't help but feel a lot of emotion, and he said to Li Hao: "We have been delayed for a long time, and if it weren't for the delay in the middle, our country would be completely different now."
We can't afford to delay any longer! It is a good thing that you want to build Shenzhen into a socialist 'Hong Kong', and I hope you can take a good start!" ”
On January 23, ** left Shenzhen by boat and headed for Zhuhai. Xie Fei said on the boat: "The old man wanted to speak, but he didn't say it. Do not report for more than 15 minutes, and give the elderly more time. ”
The voyage, which originally took only about 1 hour, was finally extended to 1 hour and 40 minutes, and ** talked a lot on the ship, emphasizing that the market economy is not the patent of capitalism, and socialism also has a market.
At the end of the conversation, ** said excitedly: "Whoever opposes reform and opening up will go to sleep!" If we don't engage in reform and opening up, there is only a dead end! "From January 19 to 29, ** stayed in Guangdong for 11 days, inspected and talked, and these conversations caused a high degree of repercussions within the party.
On February 28th, the important speech of "conveying and learning" officially conveyed the southern speech to the whole party, and the "southern tour" had a huge impact on the whole country and effectively quelled those criticisms of reform and opening up.
In July 1992, when he talked to his younger brother Deng Ken, he specifically mentioned the southern talk. He said: "The Southern Speech is the result of the stage of my life, and this stage is an important turning point and the stage in which the best results have been achieved in the long course of history.
The 1.2 billion population has a clear direction, road and method, and the market economy is a method and means, not a determination of the nature of society. ”