October 1, 1949 was a day that the Chinese people will never forget. On the tower of the majestic Tiananmen Gate in Beijing, the great leader and chairman solemnly announced under the attention of 300,000 soldiers and civilians: "The People's Republic of China has been established!" ”
This loud voice quickly resounded throughout the land of China and spread throughout the world, marking that the Chinese people, who account for a quarter of the world's population, have stood up. Today, 72 years have passed since the founding of the People's Republic of China, and looking back on the process of the founding ceremony, it seems that everything went smoothly and nothing happened unexpectedly.
However, beneath this calm surface, there are great risks. For example, on the eve of the founding ceremony, there were Kuomintang spies who attempted to assassinate Chairman *** at the ceremony.
Ensuring the smooth progress of the founding ceremony is inseparable from the hard work of all the people in the public security department. They persevered in the sabotage activities again and again and prevented the conspiracy of the Kuomintang agents.
What few people know is that in this silently guarded public security team, there is also a group of special female comrades. They are fresh graduates from high school, and although there are only 40 of them, their efforts are just as indispensable.
So, what was the role of these 40 plainclothes women in the founding ceremony? On the eve of the founding ceremony, what are the thrilling stories?
In January 1949, the city of Beiping was peacefully liberated, and the Chinese Revolution was about to be fully victorious. However, Beiping was not a place of tranquility, and although General Fu Zuoyi led his troops out of the city for reorganization, the Kuomintang spies were still lurking and carrying out covert activities in the dark.
Before the liberation of Beiping, it was ruled by imperialism, feudal forces and bureaucratic capital for a long time, and its reactionary foundation was deeply rooted.
On the eve of liberation, the spies released the criminals from the prison to carry out sabotage activities with local bullies and ruffians. In order to rectify the chaotic social order and protect the absolute security of the Communist Party of China, the CCP organs began to enter Beiping.
Against this background, the Central Military Commission decided to form a new type of people's armed force integrating military and public security operations. Vice Chairman He Zhou decided to serve as the first Minister of Public Security of the People's Republic of China.
In August 1949, the CCP ** and *** organs began to move to Zhongnanhai, and the main means of transportation in Beiping City at this time were rickshaws, trams and buses.
When the leaders arrived in Beiping, the number of cars in the city gradually increased. After noticing the frequent appearance of cars in Zhongnanhai, the spies left behind in Peking immediately realized that the CCP leaders might already be in Zhongnanhai, so they spontaneously carried out several assassination attempts.
For a while, there were many cars parked in front of the Chang'an Grand Theater in Xidan, Beiping, and the spies speculated that this might be the place where senior Communist Party leaders watched the theater, so they laid an ambush outside the theater, hoping to have a chance to take action.
However, due to the large number of guards around the chief, the spies could not approach them, and the assassination attempt ended in failure.
The founding of the People's Republic of China was a great joy for the people of the whole country, but Chiang Kai-shek was very anxious about it. In order to stop the founding ceremony of our party, he even planned to send pilots to fly planes to bomb Tiananmen Square.
However, the success rate of this plan is not high, and even if Tiananmen Square is successfully blown up, the founding ceremony will only need to be postponed for a period of time before it can continue. In addition, South Korea was reluctant to provide refueling services for the Kuomintang aircraft, making it impossible for the Kuomintang aircraft to return.
Chiang Kai-shek's bombing plan was thwarted, so he decided to adopt a new strategy. He handed over the task of sabotage to Mao Renfeng, and Mao Renfeng handed over this task to the spies lurking in Beiping.
Their goal is to sabotage the Asian Hotel, which specially hosts people who come to Beijing to attend the founding ceremony, so as to give the CCP a "disadvantage". At that time, there was a lot of traffic in the Asian Hotel, and there was a need for a lot of fresh vegetables every day.
Therefore, the hotel's purchasing staff often make appointments for vegetable farmers in the surrounding suburbs to come and deliver food. In the early morning of September 14, just after dawn, a vegetable farmer carrying a load of vegetables came to the outside of the Asia Hotel.
The sentry noticed him and questioned him. However, the vegetable farmer's face did not change, claiming that he was called by Wang Qiang, a restaurant buyer. In the process, we see a series of actions by Chiang Kai-shek and his men, who tried to achieve their goals through sabotage.
However, these operations were not successful, but instead exposed their conspiracy.
In the restaurant, there is a buyer named Wang Qiang. The sentry examined the vegetable farmer's carry, and found that it was a load of fresh vegetables, apparently freshly picked from the ground, and the vegetable farmer looked fine, so the sentry was ready to let it go.
However, at this moment, the vegetable farmer revealed a flaw. He suddenly raised his white hand to wipe the sweat on his face, and this action immediately revealed his identity, because a peasant facing the loess with his back to the sky, how could he have a pair of white and fat hands under the wind and sun every day?
The attentive sentry immediately became suspicious and hurriedly took the vegetable farmer to the duty room for interrogation. In the face of experienced interrogators, there were more and more flaws in the words of this "vegetable farmer", and seeing that his identity had been exposed, the spy was furious and wanted to take poison and commit suicide.
His suicide attempt, of course, was unsuccessful, and was quickly interrogated. Immediately afterward, the fighters searched for a time bomb from his body.
After the interrogation, the spy Wu Ruijin confessed that he was lurking in Beiping for the Kuomintang, and that the mission of this trip was to destroy the Asia Hotel. After receiving the news of Wu Ruijin's defeat, Mao Renfeng was stunned on the sofa for more than half an hour, and then was called by the angry Chiang Kai-shek to scold him, ordering him to make a ** noise on Tiananmen Square before October 1 at all costs.
Having learned the lesson of Wu Ruijin, Mao Renfeng decided to adopt the second set of plans, allowing the hidden Kuomintang spies to cause sabotage everywhere in an attempt to completely destroy the founding ceremony.
On the eve of the opening ceremony, the public security forces carried out a large-scale arrest operation, arresting in one fell swoop 175 bandits lurking in Beiping and Zhao Binggu, a special agent of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang in the Beiping City Party Headquarters, and successfully arresting 14 bandits, including Yang Jinfu of the "Action Group of the Second Branch of the Beiping District of the Party General Bureau."
In the "dragnet" clean-up operation, more than 3,000 bullies and habitual bandits were also arrested by the way, a large number of *** cases were seized, a large number of backlogged cases were solved, and the public security situation in Beiping City was significantly improved.
As the founding ceremony approached, the comrades of the public security forces became more and more vigilant. In the evening of that day, Liu Zhuanhu, platoon commander of the 2nd Regiment of the 1st Division of the Public Security Division, was patrolling the streets pretending to be an ordinary citizen when he found a cigarette butt on the ground.
The brand of this cigarette butt is "Pegasus", and this kind of cigarette was originally launched by comrades of the Huainan Military Region of the New Fourth Army in cooperation with a small local cigarette factory that was about to go bankrupt. Due to its high quality, it gradually became popular, and even solved the problem of military spending of the New Fourth Army.
However, in July 1949, the cigarettes were transferred to the Shanghai Cigarette Factory for production.
"Pegasus" brand cigarettes are considered to be top-quality cigarettes and cannot be easily obtained by ordinary people, which immediately aroused Liu Lianhu's vigilance. He looked around the cigarette butt and found that it had a wide view for easy surveillance, and there were messy leather shoe footprints around, proving that the man was not passing by accident.
Wearing leather shoes and smoking high-end cigarettes made Liu Lianhu even more alert, and he decided to patrol here every day. On the fifth day, he spotted a suspicious figure.
The man wore a high top hat and shiny leather shoes, and wrote and drew with a notebook and pen in his hand. Liu Lianhu quietly walked over and saw that he was drawing a road map, so he stepped forward to interrogate him.
The man in the top hat knew that he could not escape, so he directly took out a dagger and stabbed Liu Huanhu. However, this spy was obviously not skilled, and he was tied to Liu Hu in a few rounds.
Wang Yicai is a Kuomintang spy, and he belongs to the "Beiping Intelligence Group of the North China Supervision Group of the Second Department of National Defense of the Kuomintang." On the eve of the founding ceremony, he came here to draw a road map, preparing to plant bombs on the road where the *** convoy must pass.
Although the public security forces have arrested many spies like Wang Yicai, due to the large number of Kuomintang spies, it is inevitable that some will slip through the net. On September 30, the day before the founding ceremony, An Kewen, a security guard of **, and several guards were inspecting the upper floor of Tiananmen Square, when they suddenly smelled a pungent smell.
They followed the smell to find the pit between the two kang mats and found a bag of explosives that had lit the fuse.
Fortunately, the enemy's cowardice prevented their plan to draw the medicine package directly from the tower of Tiananmen Square. They had a long fuse for the explosives pack, and now it had burned near the base of the city wall.
When Ankovin saw the burning fuse, his scalp tingled. If the explosives are packed**, it will cause serious damage to the Tiananmen Tower. So, he immediately cut the fuse in the shortest possible time, dismantled the explosive package, and handed it over to the public security department.
On the eve of the founding ceremony, there was so much sabotage by spies, so the security work during the founding ceremony was particularly important. So, who will defend the Tiananmen Tower?
The answer is a legendary team: the plainclothes guard brigade. Plainclothes guard brigade.
**In August 1949, in order to ensure the safety of the three major conferences (the First Political Consultative Conference, the Asian and Australian Trade Union Congress, and the Asian Women's Congress) and the smooth progress of the founding ceremony, the Beiping City Public Security Bureau was specially instructed to set up a secret security team composed of 600 plainclothes security personnel.
The Prime Minister stressed that "absolute security must be guaranteed". This team is composed of three parts: one is a member of the Beiping Picket Corps, responsible for leading the security work along the way; Some of them are investigators of the intelligence department of the North China Military Region, who are responsible for the protection of the residences and activity venues of important party and state leaders; There are also carefully selected young men who are politically loyal, have practical experience, and are required to disguise themselves as petty traders and peddlers in order to "do what they do, sell what they want, and shout at what they want."
The plainclothes team members were well aware of the arduousness and honor of the task, and after receiving the task, they did not hesitate to "learn from teachers" and quickly mastered the skills of small business. In a short period of time, various types of "vendors" appeared in the plainclothes brigade, some of the team members set up stalls on the streets to sell fruits, some of the team members beat small drums and walked the streets and alleys to collect rags, and some team members took needles and threads to repair shoes.
What's even more interesting is that the third group is particularly unique, with a total of only 40 female high school graduates, whose tasks will be revealed at the founding ceremony. In order to deal with the possible air raids of the Kuomintang reactionaries, our air force units have made a thorough plan to ensure that the enemy cannot escape, and the main task of the plainclothes brigade before the founding ceremony is to catch the spies and killers sent by the Kuomintang.
At the critical moment before the founding ceremony, the Kuomintang sent an elite spy named Dai Yunpeng to attempt to assassinate the chairman of *** at the ceremony. Dai Yunpeng has practiced martial arts since he was a child, his martial arts are exquisite, and he is vigorous, he has practiced a good light skill, and he can jump freely between houses.
Dai Yunpeng is cunning and shrewd, and has infiltrated Beiping three times, each time successfully avoiding the pursuit of the public security department. However, with only a few days left before the ceremony, the intelligence department received definite information that Dai Yunpeng was about to enter the country from Shenzhen.
As a result, the plainclothes guard brigade was immediately notified and prepared to launch an arrest operation. The intelligence department specially reminded that Dai Yunpeng is extraordinary, light and strong, and must be careful when arresting.
In order to catch Dai Yunpeng, political commissar Mu Fengyun carefully selected four strong guards to go to the Shenzhen port. But it turns out that no matter how powerful the force is, it is powerless in the face of guns.
Dai Yunpeng was successfully captured by Mu Fengyun and his team as soon as he passed through customs. As the founding ceremony approached, the members of the plainclothes guard brigade became more and more nervous. They feared that the Kuomintang reactionaries would plant mines on the tower of Tiananmen Square.
To solve this problem, they made use of mine detectors provided by the USSR for inspection. At the front of the detector is a plate-shaped object with a long wire of headphones attached to it.
If you hear a "buzzing" sound, it means that there is no problem here. If there is no sound, it means that there is metal here. On the afternoon of 30 September, members of the plainclothes guard brigade again carefully inspected the Tiananmen Tower and the viewing platform with mine detectors.
They inspected it very meticulously, even checking every corner several times. After making sure that there were absolutely no problems, they arranged for armed men to cordon off the place and prohibit anyone from entering.
**In order to ensure the smooth progress of the founding ceremony, there has been no rest for four consecutive days and four nights. He personally checked the security situation that night and made sure everything was in order before leaving.
On October 1, the founding ceremony was held as scheduled. At 8:30 a.m. that morning, the plainclothes guard brigade arrived at Tiananmen Square on time. In order to keep it secret, it was not until half an hour before the leaders set off that the comrades of the Ninth Bureau got in touch with Mu Fengyun on the viewing platform by the Jinshui Bridge, and Mu Fengyun quickly dispatched the team members responsible for the guards along the way, and it only took ten minutes for them all to be in place.
**After the convoy set off, Mu Fengyun's heart hung by a thread, lest there be an accident. Fortunately, our side was well prepared and did not leave any opportunity for the Kuomintang spies, and the ** party successfully arrived at the upper floor of Tiananmen Square.
After the leaders arrived at the Tiananmen Tower, 40 plainclothes women took over the task of ensuring their safety. Dressed as waiters, these female comrades worked on the upper floors of Tiananmen Square, and their main duty was to ensure the safety of leaders and guests, while also serving them tea and water.
Although serving tea and pouring water may not seem complicated, it actually requires very specialized skills. Kuomintang spies were good at poisoning tea, so on the day of the founding ceremony, the water on the upper floor of Tiananmen Square was specially provided, and someone was responsible for boiling water.
Female plainclothes team members will personally go to the boiling place to fetch water from a pot and then deliver it to the leader or guests. During the whole process, the water bottle cannot leave the control of the team members to ensure that the water is safe and non-toxic.
At the founding ceremony, in addition to pouring tea and water for the leaders and guests, the female team members should also have keen insight and pay attention to everything on the Tiananmen Gate Tower to ensure that no suspicious person will cause harm to the leaders or guests.
Fortunately, until 9 p.m., when the founding ceremony ended, the enemy agents did not take any action, and all the plainclothes members breathed a sigh of relief. Although the ceremony was over, the masses did not leave, they spontaneously sang and danced to the song of the tweeter ** on Chang'an Street, until 3 o'clock in the morning on October 2, the crowd gradually dispersed, and all the guard forces received the order to retreat.
Although they are tired, it is all worth it.