Why do lead acid batteries not explode, while lithium batteries are prone to accidents?

Mondo Technology Updated on 2024-02-03

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In the world of batteries, lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries are the two most common types. Although both are important power sources in modern life, there are significant differences in their performance, application areas, and safety.

In particular, lithium batteries are easier to use in some cases than lead-acid batteries**. This article will delve into the reasons why lead-acid batteries don't, while lithium batteries are easy.

First, let's take a look at lead-acid batteries. A lead-acid battery is a more traditional battery that works by using the reaction of lead and lead dioxide in a sulfuric acid solution to generate an electric current. The chemistry of such batteries is relatively stable and does not generate excessive heat. Moreover, the electrolyte of lead-acid batteries is sulfuric acid, which is non-flammable, so it will not trigger**. Secondly, the structural design of lead-acid batteries is also relatively simple and safe. It has a separator between the positive and negative electrodes to prevent short circuits, thus reducing the risk of overheating the battery. In addition, the materials of lead-acid batteries are mainly lead and lead dioxide, which are non-flammable, making lead-acid batteries less likely to cause during normal use.

However, when we move to lithium batteries, things are different. Lithium batteries generate an electric current based on the movement of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes. This type of battery has a high chemical reactivity, especially in abnormal conditions such as overcharging or short circuits, which generate a lot of heat and gas. If the heat is not effectively controlled, it can trigger**.

In addition, the physical structure of lithium batteries also increases the risk of their **. Lithium batteries usually contain an organic electrolyte, which is easily vaporized at high temperatures, which in turn triggers**. At the same time, the manufacturing process of lithium batteries is more complex, and if there are defects in the production process or damage occurs during use, it may cause problems such as short circuit or overcharge, thereby increasing the risk of **.

Finally, the environment in which lithium batteries are used also increases their risk. Due to the high energy density of lithium batteries, they are widely used in high-power devices such as mobile phones, laptops, and electric vehicles. These devices are prone to overcharge, over-discharge, or short circuits during use, which increases the risk of lithium batteries**.

To sum up, the main reasons why lead-acid batteries will not be the most important are that their chemical reaction is stable, the electrolyte is non-flammable, the physical structure is simple, and the use environment is relatively safe. The reason why lithium batteries are easy to ** is related to their active chemical reactions, the flammability of the organic electrolytes inside, the complex physical structure, and the high-risk use environment.

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