The atomic bomb was recognized worldwide as devastating**, and on August 6, 1945, the United States dropped the atomic bomb on Japan, thus ending World War II.
As a result, Japan has become the only country that has suffered a nuclear attack. Therefore, once there is a nuclear power on a global scale, almost every country that wants to fight for a position in the world will accelerate its research and development, because if our competitors have it and we don't, once it really comes to a decisive battle, we will lose the ability to fight back.
Although the development of nuclear weapons is not an easy task, only ten countries have successfully developed them, and our country is one of them. It is worth mentioning that China independently completed nuclear tests under the predicament of a weak industrial base, a blockade by Western technology, and hostilities with the former Soviet Union.
When it comes to atomic bombs and nuclear **, the first thing we think of is Qian Xuesen and Deng Jiaxian, the heroes of "two bombs and one satellite", but in fact, Zhao Zhongyao is equivalent to the "pioneer" of China's atomic bomb research cause, he is the first scientist in the world to discover antimatter and positrons, these discoveries are considered likely to win the Nobel Prize, but Zhao Zhongyao's achievements have been buried.
As the "pioneer" and "most experienced person" of China's nuclear research, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao became the first doctor in China's physics field in 1931 and was the first member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
These achievements are a testament to Mr. Zhao's outstanding contributions to China's science and technology.
In the summer of 1946, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao, as a representative of scientists, was ordered by the people to go to Bikini Island in the United States to test the atomic bomb. At that time, the people showed great interest in the atomic bomb and wanted to develop it independently.
The great power of the atomic bomb in Japan in 1945 is obvious to all, and it has made all countries ** interested in this"Mass destruction**"Interest was generated.
Even if it does not need to be used for external aggression, nuclear **, as a powerful means of deterrence, is of great strategic importance for the country.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao's visit to the United States was not just to see the atomic bomb test, he had an important task behind him: with his connections and academic achievements accumulated over many years of studying in the United States, it was not difficult to purchase these equipment, but the problem was that China lacked the funds to buy it at that time.
Faced with the turbulent situation and economic difficulties after the Sino-Japanese War, the director general of the ** research institute, Sa Bendong, tried his best to raise only $50,000. However, to carry out nuclear physics research, at least one accelerator is needed, and a 2 million electron volt electrostatic accelerator costs $400,000.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao thought about how to accomplish this task with a budget of only $50,000.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao recalled that at that time, his budget was only 50,000 US dollars for the purchase of nuclear physics equipment, 70,000 US dollars for other disciplines, and his personal living expenses were reimbursed.
Therefore, after careful consideration and many discussions with friends, he decided to buy accelerator components that are difficult to obtain domestically in the United States and design and assemble them himself, while the remaining funds were used to purchase other nuclear physical equipment.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao, who chose this path, had long foreseen that it would be full of hardships and challenges. Because on this path, he will need to learn and master a lot of knowledge and skills.
For example, in order to conduct in-depth research on the ion source technology needed to design and manufacture accelerators, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao made a six-month visit to the Carnegie Base Magnetic Research Institute in Washington, D.C., where he had two proton electrostatic accelerators and one cyclotron for his research.
In the process of finding a manufacturer that can customize accelerator parts, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao spared no effort. Not only did he volunteer at MIT's accelerators and cosmic ray labs, but he also actively sought out manufacturers to contact and order parts, and he took advantage of these opportunities to learn and consult on accelerator issues.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao spent more than two years exchanging his "volunteer work" for a batch of electronic instruments and other equipment, saving the country a lot of money for the purchase of equipment.
Surprisingly, in this process, among the people who helped Mr. Zhao Zhongyao was John George Trump, the uncle of the former US Trump.
John George Trump was born in 1907 and is the youngest child in the Trump family. As we all know, the Trump family started in real estate and had built their own corporate empire in New York at the time.
However, this "rich second generation" is different, he does not want to take over the family business, he has no passion for real estate, and his interest lies in scientific research. As a result, John Trump chose to pursue what he was passionate about – scientific research.
In 1929, John Trump graduated from Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute with a bachelor's degree in electrical engineering and went on to Columbia University to earn a master's degree in physics.
In 1933, he earned a Ph.D. in electrical engineering from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he began teaching in 1936. By then, he had already shifted his research focus to X-rays and developed a keen interest in nuclear physics.
During World War II, John Trump devoted himself to the development of radar and anti-radar devices, and was also deeply involved in nuclear research, which made him a highly accomplished nuclear expert and one of the closest scientists in the United States to the secrecy of the atomic bomb.
Because of this, during his tenure, Trump repeatedly mentioned to him that he had an uncle who was well versed in "nuclear", and he had repeatedly said that he had been with his uncle on the North Korean nuclear issue, in order to show his professionalism on the "nuclear issue".
However, the United States has avoided talking about Trump's uncle and has only criticized Trump for not being close to his uncle, as a way to attack Trump.
When Mr. Zhao Zhongyao was entrusted with the purchase of accelerators in the United States, John Trump was already the head of the electrostatic accelerator laboratory in the Department of Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and had a wealth of "resources".
In order to design and manufacture an electrostatic accelerator, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao first chose to study and research in the electrostatic accelerator laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, focusing on the manufacture of electric power** and accelerator tubes.
In Mr. Chao's memory, John Trump was a warm-hearted and friendly man. He has always fully supported Mr. Zhao's work and provided advice on the development of accelerators.
When Mr. Zhao Zhongyao encountered difficulties in studying and researching, John Trump spared no effort to introduce relevant experts to help him solve the problem. For example, he once lent his atmospheric electrostatic accelerator to Mr. Zhao Zhongyao as test equipment.
From John Trump's actions, we can conclude that he was well aware of Mr. Zhao's motivation and state of mind for buying the electrostatic accelerator and studying the principles and knowledge of its production.
Yet, despite this, he still lent a helping hand, and this help should not be forgotten. In addition, Mr. Zhao's reminiscence article mentions that in 1986, China's atomic energy researchers purchased a tandem electrostatic accelerator from the United States, and this equipment was provided by John Trump's company, even though he had died at that time.
In the winter of 1948, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao completed the task of "equipment procurement" and planned to return to China immediately to devote himself to peace building. However, considering the tense situation in the domestic war, he decided to stay in the United States for the time being and wait for the situation to stabilize.
At the same time, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao realized that his experience and knowledge in nuclear physics experiment accelerators were still lacking, so he decided to continue his studies at the California Institute of Technology in the United States in order to better carry out his research work in China.
It wasn't until 1949 that he was ready to leave for China, but he knew that because of the situation at that time, it was impossible for the accelerator to be brought back to China. As a result, he took with him only the accelerator components and nuclear physics experiments that he had spent years working on to customize.
Although it was only a "spare part", the FBI did not let it go, and although the Caltech professor insisted that it had nothing to do with nuclear **, the FBI seized a large amount of equipment.
After several unsuccessful coordinations, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao could only ask the transportation company to transport the remaining 30 boxes of equipment back to China first.
In the spring of 1950, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao had the dream of returning to China, but the navigation between China and the United States had been suspended, and he had to choose to take Hong Kong. After months of communication and waiting, as well as frequent FBI investigations, he and two other scholars who had returned from the California Institute of Technology were forcibly detained by plainclothes officers in the United States while the Wilson ** was passing through Yokohama, Japan.
At that time, the United States and Taiwan tried to lure them by various means, claiming that as long as they were willing to go to the United States or Taiwan, the issue would be "easy to discuss." However, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao was bent on returning to the mainland of the motherland and was resolutely not tempted.
When his ** news reached the United States, it immediately triggered a fierce ** in the American scientific community, and John Trump, who had a deep friendship with Mr. Zhao Zhongyao, also actively joined the fight.
In the end, with the coordinated efforts of the first country, Mr. Zhao Zhongyao and many scientists were able to return to the motherland smoothly.
Mr. Zhao Zhongyao lived up to expectations and jointly established China's first 700,000 electron volt electrostatic accelerator with domestic scientists in 1955. Only three years later, he successfully developed a 2.5 million electron volt proton electrostatic accelerator, which made a huge contribution to China's nuclear research.
In 1964, China's first atomic bomb was successfully launched in Lop Nur, which means that China finally has a nuclear weapon capable of deterring the world.
While Chinese scientists are working silently, we must not forget that there is an American named John Trump who once gave them selfless help and support.
Their dedication and help have jointly achieved the achievements of countless scientists in our country.