Paintings created by Chenchen.
This newspaper (chinatimesnet.CN) reporter Wang Xiaohui reports from Beijing.
As a new way to promote special education in the new era, integrated education is not only an important part of education, but also an important yardstick to measure the progress of social civilization.
Approaching the winter vacation, the first batch of 137 special children in Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, who enjoy free preschool integrated education, are also about to complete a semester of preschool education courses.
The reporter learned from the Dongguan Disabled Persons' Federation that after nearly three years of hard work, in 2023, Dongguan will become the first city in the country to achieve full coverage of pre-school integrated education towns (streets), and has built a "four support system" for pre-school integrated education with policy support, financial support, professional teacher support and pre-school integrated education position support, so as to escort special children to receive pre-school integrated education.
Achieve full coverage of pre-school integrated education in three years
"Chasing" should be the most passionate thing in the child's bones, but for 6-year-old Chenchen, he has just learned it this year. Even so, Chenchen's mother was overjoyed.
At the age of 2, Chen Chen was still unable to express himself normally and was diagnosed with autism. At that time, he would only take my hand to get things, never expressing what he needed without saying anything. After learning that this is a disease that is difficult to complete, Chenchen's mother, like other parents of affected children, fell into the abyss of fear and anxiety.
In September 2021, the staff of the Dongguan Disabled Persons' Federation found Chenchen's mother and told her a word she had never heard of - "fusion student".
The staff told me that the nearest Dongguan Wanjiang Jiaolian Kindergarten can enroll 'integrated students', and even the tuition is exempted, which reduces the financial pressure on us to carry out ** for our children. Later, Chen Chen successfully passed the interview. Chenchen's mother told reporters that in this way, Chenchen, who is in the preschool education period, finally has a place to go.
According to the reporter's understanding, Dongguan Wanjiang Jiaolian Kindergarten has 5 classes and has received 4 special children. After two and a half years of half-year half-day care, Chenchen has developed many active language behaviors.
Today's Chenchen can clearly express his needs such as 'I want to eat sugar', and he is a little glutton. When Chenchen's mother talked about her child's progress, everyone couldn't help laughing. However, the most surprising thing for Chenchen's mother was that she saw other able-bodied children chasing and playing with Chenchen in the kindergarten, holding hands and queuing up. During this time, the able-bodied children will help him, telling him not to run around, or helping him cross and put his hands when he sees Chenchen pinching his hands.
These small but heart-warming interactions moved Chenchen's mother very much.
Chen Chen (second from left) lined up with the children to participate in the event.
In addition to Chenchen's mother, in the face of the child's progress, Chen Lifang, the principal of Jiaolian Kindergarten, is also relieved.
At the beginning of the development of integrated education, we were also a little confused and worried, after all, we are also in the exploration stage, and the teachers do not have a comprehensive and systematic understanding of integrated education, nor do they have the practice to land, which has certain challenges. Chen Lifang recalled that with the advancement of the "Integrated Education Program", kindergarten teachers have successively received seed teacher training from the Dongguan Preschool "Integrated Education Program" every year to understand the needs and behaviors of special children with autism from the psychological and intellectual levels, enhance the teaching ability of preschool integrated education for special children through practice and communication, and further enrich the professional teachers.
In the process of learning, the teachers are also constantly exploring. Chen Lifang said: "In our daily 'morning literacy' activities, we found that some children with special needs have amazing learning and memory skills in recognizing and reading words, and their pronunciation and pronunciation are particularly clear! Healthy children also gradually know how to 'appreciate' these different friends. ”
In order to better promote the development of integrated education, the kindergarten has purchased a number of special children's teaching aids, added sensory integration activity classrooms, and worked hardware. At the same time, in the process of integrated education, Jiaolian Kindergarten is based on the syllabus and teaching plan for 3-6 years old, and specially carries out "one person, one file" teaching tracking record for special children, and timely feeds back important and effective educational behaviors and information to parents, and regularly conducts in-depth exchanges with parents of special children, so as to assist the growth of special children from the level of home co-education.
Recently, Chen Huiying, Minister of Education and Employment of Dongguan Disabled Persons' Federation, led a team to visit Dongguan Integrated Education Promotion Kindergarten (hereinafter referred to as "Promotion Park"), and first came to Jiaolian Kindergarten, where Chen Chen studied. Chen Huiying told reporters that such a village-level kindergarten with the function of pre-school "integrated education" has been expanded to 3 in Dongguan. At the same time, from 2021 to 2023, Dongguan has built a service guarantee system that includes at least one integrated education promotion kindergarten in each town and street (park) in the city, and successfully helped 137 special children to enter the nearest kindergarten in the city's 34 integrated education promotion parks, which is a Dongguan practice to ensure the fair right of special children to receive preschool education.
"Four support systems" escort
Every special child is a winged angel who has fallen into the world, and scientific ** and warm care can help them regain the wings lost by God.
According to the reporter's understanding, since 2009, Dongguan has been exploring the construction and development of integrated education. In 2021, the Dongguan Disabled Persons' Federation, together with the Municipal Education Bureau and the Municipal Finance Bureau, issued the "Dongguan Preschool Integrated Education Promotion Support Plan (2021-2023)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Integrated Education Plan") to train a group of preschool integrated education seed teachers, cultivate a group of preschool integrated education promotion parks, establish a team of preschool integrated education promotion tutors, and use a team of 38 preschool integrated education supervisors to face 34 towns and streets (parks) to comprehensively roll out pre-school integrated education projects in the city and build " Four-level integrated education talent echelon".
Dongguan Preschool Integrated Education Promotion Support Plan (2021-2023) Talent Echelon Training Model.
So, what is a "talent echelon"?
Chen Huiying explained, "We selected a group of teachers with professional backgrounds in special education, social work and psychology from the ** center, special child center, ** school, Qizhi School and so on in the Disabled Persons' Federation system, and formed a supervision team of 38 people. These 38 supervisors are responsible for one-to-one linking, guiding the integrated education of various towns and streets (parks) in Dongguan to promote the park, and providing them with solutions and implementation plans. This is the key to promoting the Dongguan preschool "integrated education plan" to do a good job in talent support. ”
As of December 2023, a total of 2,437 primary integration seed teachers, 422 intermediate integration seed teachers, 147 senior integration seed teachers, and 137 management personnel have been trained, including special education teachers from Dongguan Yulan Experimental Kindergarten, the Municipal Center for the Disabled, and the Municipal Special Child Care Center, effectively improving the professional theoretical level of preschool education for teachers in public pre-school institutions.
As a backbone teacher of integrated education who joined the "Seed Teacher" training program in the first year of the promotion of the "Integrated Education Program", Chen Shuru deeply felt, "The concept of integrated education can not only help special children, but also be very beneficial to ordinary children. These three years have been the three years of growth on my professional path as a teacher, as if I have seen the infinite power of education. ”
When she found that children with special needs can learn school order and communication skills more smoothly under professional guidance, she is also full of a sense of accomplishment.
Nowadays, the "Implementation Rules for Disabled Children and Adolescents in Dongguan City to Receive Education Subsidies" has been fully implemented, proposing that children with disabilities in Dongguan preschool education in Dongguan public kindergartens and private preschool integrated education promotion kindergartens can enjoy the right to be exempted or reimbursed for education fees, and this provision also officially marks that Dongguan has become the first city in the country to achieve full coverage of preschool integrated education towns (streets). Dongguan has built a policy support, financial support, professional teacher support and pre-school integrated education position support of the pre-school integrated education "four support systems", Chen Huiying said: "The direction of our promotion of integrated education is not to say that these children are 'labeled' in the 'integrated class', but to make ordinary kindergartens have the ability to teach them, with the environmental conditions for them to move in the kindergarten, and we hope to continue to solve these two key factors in the future. It is natural for children with special educational needs to enter kindergarten. ”
In the next step, Dongguan will incorporate the pre-school integrated education action into the "14th Five-Year Plan" special education development and promotion action plan in Dongguan City, establish a pre-school integrated education guidance center, and continuously improve the quality of pre-school integrated education in Dongguan City. In view of the current shortage of places for special children, we will further cultivate pre-school integrated promotion parks, promote the pairing of pre-school integrated education promotion parks and ordinary kindergartens, and take multiple measures to expand the supply of pre-school integrated education degrees, so as to increase the number of integrated education promotion parks to 60 by 2025, and double the number of pre-school integrated education seed teachers and special children in kindergartens by 2030.
Editor-in-charge: Zhou Nan Editor-in-chief: Wen Mei.