An important guest from afar came to Moscow.
He's ***
In the past 20 years, he has been an important liaison between the CCP and the Soviet Union, and during the war years, in order to gain the support of the Soviet Union, he often visited the Soviet Union.
There is no doubt that this visit to the Soviet Union was the one in which he was most excited.
Since writing "Carry the Revolution to the End" on New Year's Day this year, the offensive of the People's Liberation Army has swept the entire land of China like a devastating force. After the end of the three major battles, the four major field armies completed their reorganization at the fastest speed, and are marching toward East China, South China, Northwest China, and Southwest China.
The heroic People's Liberation Army.
After a million troops crossed the Yangtze River in the first half of the year, they successively conquered southern Jiangsu, northern Fujian, eastern Jiangxi, and eastern Hubei. Until Nanchang, Shanghai, Hangzhou and other important cities.
The Kuomintang army, which had lost its momentum, was losing and retreating, and could only watch as most of China was captured by the Communists.
There is no doubt that the area and population liberated in the first half of the year are completely unprecedented in the past three years.
No one expected that the War of Liberation would develop so rapidly.
With the national victory just around the corner, the founding ceremony of New China has also been put on the agenda.
Stalin received *** warmly as usual, and *** This trip not only enlisted the help of the Soviet Union for the upcoming establishment of New China, but also carried a very important purpose, that is, on behalf of the CCP, ** officially invited Stalin to participate in the founding ceremony.
During this period, ** said to Stalin with great interest: "Comrade Stalin, New China is about to be founded, and we hope that you can go to Beijing to attend the founding ceremony." ”
Stalin was delighted: "This is really good news!" When is the founding ceremony set on? I'll definitely participate then! ”
It's set for next year".
Stalin. After hearing this, Stalin's expression suddenly became solemn, which *** did not expect.
Why this day? He asked.
**Three reasons are given:
Clause.
1. Salute to the Gregorian New Year.
The Chinese people are still accustomed to the lunar year, and have no concept of the Gregorian New Year. In order to be in line with international standards, New China decided to adopt the Gregorian New Year. The reason why the founding ceremony is set also represents that China has entered a new life since the beginning of the new year.
This not only has a profound meaning, but also makes the people naturally switch to the Gregorian calendar because of this special day.
Clause.
2. Commemorating Sun Yat-sen, the forerunner of the Chinese Revolution.
The Chinese Communists have always considered themselves to be the successors of Dr. Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary road, so at the historic moment of the founding ceremony, the Communist Party not only erected a portrait of Sun Yat-sen in Tiananmen Square, but also announced the founding of the People's Republic of China on the first day of the new year, implying the change of the times and the rebirth of the country.
Because, Sun Yat-sen also announced that he was appointed as the **Provisional Great**.
Third, and the most important reason that the CCP believes - China has not been completely liberated.
Many people thought that by the time the founding ceremony was held, most of China's territory had already been liberated, and all that remained was a few remnants of the defeated army, and it was only a matter of time before they were defeated.
Liberation of North China. But the fact is that not to mention Xinjiang, Yunnan, Gansu and other remote provinces, even Hunan, Shaanxi, and Fujian have not completely eliminated the remnants of the enemy.
** and *** know in their hearts that although Chiang Kai-shek's hundreds of thousands of elites have been lost, Li Zongren in Guangxi, Bai Chongxi in Hunan, Long Yun in Yunnan, Sheng Shicai in Xinjiang, **Tusi armed forces from all walks of life, and the notorious Ma Jiajun in the northwest. All of them are strong obstacles to the new regime.
To put it mildly, the Communist Party controlled less than 70 percent of the country's land at the time.
What's more, there are still a large number of military command spies lurking in the liberated cities, and there are several thousand in Beiping alone.
The most terrible thing is that until this time, the Communist Party has not yet grasped air supremacy, just two months before the visit to the Soviet Union, the Nanyuan Airport in Beiping was bombed by six Kuomintang bombers, and everyone knows that it was the "Air Force Commander-in-Chief" Zhou Zhirou who did it on the orders of Lao Chiang.
Moreover, according to reliable sources, the Kuomintang also has some American-made B24 bombers in Chengdu, Guangzhou, Chongqing and other places.
Looking at it this way, it is quite likely that they will carry out air strikes on the founding ceremony.
Therefore, it is expected that there will still be a lot of tough battles to be fought in the future, and there is even the possibility that the battle situation will fall into a stalemate again, and we must not take it lightly until then.
**At Fragrant Hills Villa.
So the chairman put forward the proposal of holding the founding ceremony, and at the same time gave the four major field armies a good breath
Until then, strive to liberate most of China's regions and minimize the interference of the remnants of the enemy (especially the air force).
If the founding of the country is declared after the national situation has stabilized, it will not only be justified in name, but also make Lao Chiang helpless, which is undoubtedly the safest plan.
Here, its actual effect imitates Zhu Yuanzhang's classic policy of "building high walls, accumulating grain, and slowly becoming king".
But when *** explained the reason to Stalin, Stalin still frowned deeply and said nothing, shaking his head.
I just think that the timing of your founding ceremony is not good. ”
Obviously, Stalin's attitude was *** unexpected, but it made him interested.
Tell me. * I knew in my heart that although foreign politicians did not need to ask about the timing of the founding ceremony, Stalin's suggestion was still very valuable, especially when the Sino-Soviet honeymoon period was about to begin.
So, Stalin said: "If China has not been completely liberated by that day, will the founding ceremony not be held?" ”
These words shocked everyone, and ** didn't know how to reply for a while.
**and *** in the Tiananmen Tower.
It is true that in the situation analyzed by the author above, there is indeed such a possibility, and no one dares to guarantee that the situation in the whole country will be stable before New Year's Day in 1950, and this is undoubtedly a political gamble.
Stalin added: "Sometimes, timing is more important than safety, and the troubles caused by the state of no ** will be much greater than you think." At this time, the enemy may take advantage of the absence of ** to interfere with you. This trick is very vicious, and you can't help but guard against it. ”
The reason why Stalin said this is because there was such a thing as "no **" in the first place. What is even more coincidental is that the Soviet power is the product of that "state of nothingness".
The time can be traced back to the fact that the Tsar** performed quite badly on the battlefield of World War I, and the missed industrial revolution caused the life of the people in the country to be difficult, the country declined rapidly, and the rule of the Tsar suffered a serious impact.
Demonstrations ensued, and Tsar Nicholas II even ordered the army to shoot at the angry populace.
This move directly contributed to the violent confrontation between the military and the people, and the storm of liberals demanding the abdication of Nicholas II, known as the "February Revolution".
Although the tsar abdicated, he inadvertently ended the monarchy that had lasted for hundreds of years. In the face of a disgruntled populace, the liberals found themselves at no idea what to do without the Tsar, like a child who had been taken care of by his mother suddenly went into society alone.
February Revolution. As a result, ** entered a "state of nothingness" for half a year, and the problem of state power, which has not been resolved for a long time, is like a red thread running through the entire revolutionary process, affecting every stage of it.
Under the "state of nothingness", various crises that had not occurred before, such as people's **, internal and external troubles, etc., emerged one after another, which also directly gave birth to the October Revolution that established Soviet power.
However, the effects of political instability and political crisis caused by the February Revolution did not disappear until the founding of the Soviet Union. Even Lenin said: "It is an indisputable fact that the revolution in our country vacillated on the question of the structure of power and spent half a year in vain." ”
Undoubtedly, it was the "state of no-**" that plunged the Tsar into turmoil for half a year after his abdication, and it was also the "state of no-**" that contributed to the rise of the Bolsheviks and completely buried the ** of the old era.
This "no ** turmoil" made Stalin feel afraid, but fortunately, ** is big and strong enough, plus the Western powers are fighting a war, otherwise they would have been infiltrated by others.
And when the old regime declines and the new forces rise but no political power is established for the time being, it is precisely the time when a country is most likely to enter a "state of no **".
Lenin spoke in the crowd.
Decades later, in the face of the imminent establishment of New China, Stalin saw at a glance that the Kuomintang had lost its right to speak on China because of its defeat; The Communist Party has not yet established a new political power, and it has no right to speak.
This is the same situation as the ** at that time.
At least it shows that Stalin is still good, at this juncture he does regard China as a brother, and he neither wants the Soviet Union to repeat the mistake of "no ** state", nor does he want China to wade into this troubled water.
Towards the end of the meeting between the two men, Stalin added: "My opinion is that the sooner the founding ceremony of New China is held, the better, and the sooner New China is founded, the more help will be provided by the international community, and Chiang Kai-shek will absolutely not be able to turn the tables." ”
After listening to this, he nodded and told Stalin: "We will consider it according to the national situation." ”
As a result, the content of the meeting quickly spread to Beijing.
Having learned of Stalin's opinion, he immediately fell silent in the smoke.
If *** reacts this way after listening to other people's opinions, it means that he really thinks that what others say makes sense, and even changes his original intention after careful consideration.
It is true that if the founding ceremony is held one day late, the old China will survive one more day, and the Kuomintang reactionaries headed by Chiang Kai-shek will have one more day to accumulate strength.
A glimpse of the War of Liberation.
Moreover, US imperialism has always been behind the support of the Kuomintang and has invested a lot of costs, but now that the old Chiang cannot guard the country, the Americans are unwilling to lose their influence in China, and it is very likely that they will take advantage of China's entry into a "state of no **" to make trouble and muddy the increasingly clear situation in China.
In that case, decades of painstaking operation by the Communist Party would be ruined.
Sent away*** pacing alone in the study, so quiet that only his footsteps could be heard.
"The sooner the founding ceremony is held, the better, and there is a lot of trouble without ** status. ”
The words that Stalin had said came back to his mind repeatedly, and the oriental giant began to weigh the pros and cons.
So, don't you know that the sooner the founding ceremony is held, the better?
Of course he does.
With *** political wisdom, he definitely thought of Stalin's point of view, after all, the hero sees the same thing.
Perhaps because the aftermath of the bombing incident at Nanyuan Airport in Beiping two months ago has not subsided, and the situation is turbulent, ** naturally does not want to hold the founding ceremony too early, let alone the people of Beiping to be harmed by the remnants of the Kuomintang.
**。Therefore, at the beginning, I thought that compared with the remnants of the enemy that had not yet been resolved, the time of the founding ceremony was not important, and with the one-sided situation at that time, the Kuomintang was unable to return to the sky, so the founding of the country a few months earlier or a few months later had little impact, plus many people in the party supported the founding ceremony, and felt that this was more ceremonial, so I agreed.
But Stalin's concern about the "state of nothingness" made *** pay more attention to the timing of the founding ceremony than ever before.
Looking at the map of China on the wall, my eyes were fixed on the several coastal cities above, and I fell into endless contemplation.
These cities are important landing sites for possible U.S. intervention in China's civil war.
Although the People's Liberation Army (PLA) has set up a defensive front of 800,000 people in Shanghai, Nanjing and Hangzhou, it will never clash head-on with the Americans unless it is absolutely necessary. As for whether Chiang will jump over the wall and let the Americans join the Chinese civil war, no one can be sure.
Soon after, another meeting was held, at which he elaborated Stalin's views to the top of the party, and everyone was locked in debate.
It is related to the change of the time of the founding ceremony, this meeting is undoubtedly held behind closed doors, the author did not find out the specific content, only know the results of the meeting:
"The founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China is being held. ”
As soon as this result was made public, many people were taken aback.
Just because of Stalin's words, ** actually advanced the date of the founding ceremony by three whole months.
The scene of the founding ceremony.
The author believes that this is not the result of shaking the mind of ***, but the result of weighing the pros and cons.
At that time, if the original plan was scheduled, there would be nearly half a year before the founding ceremony, and China was completely in the decline of the Kuomintang in this half year, and the Communist Party had not yet been founded.
You must know that in the eyes of those ill-intentioned Western countries, the national ** at this juncture is no matter how decay it is, and it is China's legitimacy**; As long as the Communist Party has not established a country and has not established a political power, no matter how strong the army is, it will be "unarmed". Not only is it not possible to legally obtain foreign aid in the international arena, but it is also easy to be caught by the lever and fall into a disadvantageous situation.
And nearly half a year of "no ** state" is enough for the Western forces led by the United States to dispatch troops, and even Stalin can't help them.
Although China's gradual liberation caused the withdrawal of a large part of the US troops stationed in China, their fleets still roamed the open seas of Qingdao, Shanghai, Jinxia, Taipeng, and other places. Under such conditions, even if the Americans carry out a "Normandy landing" along the coast of China, they will not be without courage.
But if the Communist Party had been able to establish itself earlier, the situation would have been different.
Over the past few decades, the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang has torn the country apart and the lives of the people have become even more miserable.
Military and civilian fish and water conditions.
Therefore, the common people of all China hope that the Communist Party will soon establish a new regime, and they cannot wait for a moment. Once the establishment of a new regime was announced, the weakened Kuomintang became illegitimate and no longer orthodox in China. The common people will enthusiastically join the army to join the new regime, support the Communist Party one after another, and bury the Chiang dynasty together.
Moreover, as Stalin said, the Communist Party could justifiably ask the Soviet Union for assistance in the name of the newly formed **people**, which would allow the Kuomintang to perish more quickly. Stalin will spare no effort to support China in order to strengthen the power of the socialist state, and there is no need to be afraid of irresponsible remarks in the international community.
At that time, even if the United States and other Western countries do not recognize the **people**, they will not dare to do anything to us with the support of the "big brother" of the Soviet Union.
Before, I thought that it would be safer to build a country after the liberation of the country, but now it seems that it is much safer and more time-saving to immediately announce the founding of the country, win the hearts of the people, and obtain international support to defeat the Kuomintang faster than to defeat the Kuomintang with its own strength in the "state of no **".
Originally, whether to build a country or not is not limited by the sphere of influence. Thinking back to the Three Kingdoms period, Sima Yan, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, also ascended the throne as emperor after destroying Shu and deposing Wei, and immediately had the title of the orthodox dynasty and the teacher of the Son of Heaven. Under the will of the people, the Sun Wu forces that had dominated Jiangdong for decades immediately became chaotic ministers and thieves, and collapsed within a few years.
The Western Jin Dynasty was also founded when the land was not unified.
In any case, the founding ceremony was decided three months in advance, and the difference was to prevent Lao Jiang from engaging in air raids.
This task falls on *** and ***.
When everything was ready, ** secretly told Stalin about this.
Stalin was very happy,** accepted his wise advice, and made him feel that China was a good ally, which also laid the foundation for the future Sino-Soviet honeymoon period.
"Your decision to hold the founding ceremony in advance is very correct. Believe me, by the end of the year, Chiang Kai-shek will be completely defeated. ”
After hearing this, our diplomat was also very happy: "Comrade Stalin, we hope that on that day you will be able to attend the founding ceremony. ”
Stalin quipped: "No problem, I will come there myself on that day, and I will meet *** for a while."
The date is set, how to arrange the specific time?
The answer was given: 3 p.m.
Why not in the morning?
** The reason is also given: although the air supremacy at that time was still in the hands of the Kuomintang, most of their planes were in Chongqing, Guangzhou, Chengdu and other places, far away from the Tiangao Emperor in Beijing, and most of the planes did not have the ability to bomb and combat at night.
Kuomintang Air Force airfield.
Scheduling the founding ceremony for the afternoon would allow planes flying from the Kuomintang air base to Beijing to face the sun, which would greatly reduce their air combat capabilities. In addition, our weak but gradually formed air force at that time also participated in the ceremony in case of emergency.
It is worth mentioning that Du Daoshi, the first pilot to defect from the Kuomintang Air Force, also became one of the pilots who flew through Tiananmen Square and was inspected by the people.
In order to be sure, ** ordered that everyone should keep the change of the time of the founding ceremony strictly confidential, and never disclose it to the public until the last moment.
As a result, it was not until Xinhua News Agency announced the news that the founding ceremony would be held at 3 p.m. that day.
As soon as the news came out, the whole country was boiling.
But the plum blossom village in Dongshan, Guangzhou, was silent for a while.
In the Chen Jitang Mansion at No. 32 Meihua Village, Chiang Kai-shek, who was defeated like a mountain, heard the news on the radio that his old rival *** was going to hold the founding ceremony in Beijing.
Everything in the past is like what happened yesterday, and it resurfaces in Lao Jiang's mind.
He would never have imagined until he died that this "mud leg" that he had never been accustomed to would one day be "dressed in a yellow robe" in front of the whole world in Beijing.
** At the founding ceremony.
At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek also waited for a rather hurried **.
Headmaster, Headmaster! Did the bombers take off right away?! ”
The voice of "Air Force Commander-in-Chief" Zhou Zhirou came from the earpiece: "Principal, if we don't take off, we won't be able to arrive on time!" You'll miss out on that opportunity! ”
As everyone knows, this is already Zhou Zhirou's third **.
Chiang Kai-shek was clamoring to bomb Tiananmen Square to the ground some time ago, but now he hesitated.
Wait a minute. He replied to these three words for the third time, in fact, when he replied for the first time, Zhou Zhirou had already judged that he had the idea of canceling the task.
I don't know how long, Chiang Kai-shek called Zhou Zhirou **, and sure enough, he said four words: "The mission is canceled." ”
**Zhou Zhirou on the other end is in a hurry, this is a shocking plan he has been planning for a long time, how can he say that he will cancel it?
He pleaded, "Headmaster, please think again, we are well prepared to ensure that we can complete this air raid!" ”
Chiang Kai-shek repeated again: "The mission is canceled." Then hung up the **, leaving Zhou Zhirou with a confused expression.
Zhou Zhirou. Undoubtedly, the bombing of Tiananmen Square on the occasion of the founding ceremony of the People's Republic of China was not beneficial to the Kuomintang in its demise militarily or politically, and was a nonsense act. Besides, the bombing of the founding site of a large eastern country is a scandal that has never happened in the history of mankind, and once it becomes a reality, I am afraid that even the Americans will abandon Lao Chiang.
I have to say that Lao Jiang's IQ is still very good in the face of big rights and wrongs.
What's more, the PLA, which has long been prepared, has already installed 51 on the two P12 and "Mosquito" fighters that participated in the review7 mm machine guns and 1,800 rounds of ammunition, and air defense positions were also arranged around the square, as long as the Kuomintang planes dared to come, it was called "no return".
At that time, Lao Jiang Cai really "lost his wife and lost his soldiers"!
Everyone knows that China is about to usher in a new era.
When *** walked to the upper floor of Tiananmen Square, everyone quieted down, quietly waiting for the deafening voice.
The People's Republic of China **People** was established today! ”
As the first five-star red flag was raised, the 28-gun salute, which had been fighting for 28 years on behalf of the Communist Party, also began to sound in unison.
Flowers are everywhere, applause is thunderous, and dragons and tigers are leaping. In Tiananmen Square, which has turned into a sea of red, people are singing and dancing, and their faces are full of happy smiles. Everyone knows that from this moment on, China will never go back, and the Chinese will no longer be bullied.
However, due to various unavoidable reasons, Stalin still missed the founding ceremony of New China, and he was unable to attend.
But when he received the telegram from Moscow about the founding of the People's Republic of China, he was still very happy.
Later, as Stalin expected, as soon as the Communist Party established a new legitimate regime, the Western countries instigated one after another, and no one dared to blatantly support Chiang Kai-shek, and even the United States restrained a lot.
In the months that followed, the remnants of the Kuomintang were powerless to fight back, and they threw away their armor and fled in disarray, and many of them defected and joined the ranks of the new regime.
At the end of 1949, ** visited the Soviet Union for the first time and had a pleasant conversation with Stalin about the founding ceremony.
Comrade Stalin, we are grateful for your advice. It is quite right to hold the founding ceremony in advance! ”
My suggestion is not important, the important thing is that the Chinese friends listen to it with an open mind. Comrade, you are a great man of the times! ”
Just before and after the meeting with Stalin in Moscow, a motorboat carrying Chiang Kai-shek slowly sailed towards Taiwan, and the lost Chiang Kai-shek stood on the deck looking at the mainland from afar and had to lose Taiwan.
Stalin guessed correctly again, once the CCP was founded, Lao Chiang would definitely not survive the New Year. If the People's Republic of China had been founded on New Year's Day in 1950, maybe he would have survived for a while, and then the situation would have been difficult to say.
Few people know that when Lao Jiang heard on the radio that among the guests attending the founding ceremony were his former subordinates, he was so angry that several teacups were broken.
"A bunch of bastards, a bunch of bastards who sell themselves for glory! ”
Chiang Kai-shek, who was furious, scolded, his blood pressure soared instantly, and he also wrote the four big words "extremely painful" in his diary that day.
Other than that, he couldn't do anything.