February** Dynamic Incentive Program
The Northern Expedition refers to the civil war launched by the National Revolutionary Army led by the Chinese Kuomintang against the Beiyang warlords between 1926 and 1928. The background and impact are as follows:
1. Background of the war.
On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out, and all provinces across the country responded, and on January 1, 1912, Sun Yat-sen proclaimed the establishment of China in Nanjing, and was inaugurated as the provisional great. On February 12, 1912, Emperor Xuantong of the Qing Dynasty abdicated, followed by Sun Yat-sen's resignation, Yuan Shikai took office as the provisional great**, and Nanjing temporarily moved to Beiping (Beijing), beginning the Beiyang ** period.
In 1915, Yuan Shikai tried to restore the imperial system, but was boycotted by the whole country, Sun Yat-sen organized the Protectorate War, and Yuan Shikai died of illness the following year in the betrayal of his relatives. After the death of Yuan Shikai, the Beiyang warlords**, China entered the period of warlord secession. The Beiyang warlord group is the three major factions of Anhui, Zhifeng and Feng, of which the Anhui faction and the direct line are the descendants of Yuan Shikai's Beiyang warlords, and the various factions of the Beiyang warlords fought for political power and attacked each other, and warlord civil wars such as the Zhiwan War and the Zhifeng War broke out successively, and China fell into a situation of warlord melee.
In order to end the rule of the Beiyang warlords and achieve national unity and stability, the Communist Party of China was established in July 1921. At the same time, Sun Yat-sen learned from the previous failures, reorganized the Kuomintang with the help of the Communist Party of China and the Soviet Union, implemented the three major policies of "uniting with Russia, uniting with the Communist Party, and supporting workers and peasants", and established the Generalissimo's Office in Guangzhou in 1924 and established the Whampoa Military Academy.
In 1926, in order to aid Tang Shengzhi in Hunan, the Guangdong national** decided to carry out the Northern Expedition. On June 5, the Guangzhou Nationalist **, formed by the Chinese Communist Party and the Chinese Kuomintang, passed the Northern Expedition. On July 1, the "Northern Expedition Declaration" was issued, and on the 9th, the National Revolutionary Army officially launched the Northern Expedition from Guangdong.
II. The Impact of the War.
In less than half a year, the Northern Expeditionary Army defeated Wu Peifu, eliminated Sun Chuanfang's main force, and occupied parts of the Yangtze River valley and the Yellow River valley, dealing a heavy blow to the reactionary rule of imperialism and feudal warlords. In April and July 1927, Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Ching-wei staged counter-revolutionary coups in Shanghai and Wuhan respectively, and the fruits of the victory of the Northern Expedition were stolen.
The Northern Expedition was an anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolutionary war of unprecedented scale, and although it died in the middle of the war, it dealt a heavy blow to the rule of imperialism and the Beiyang warlords and had a far-reaching impact. At the same time, the Chinese Communists realized the extreme importance of carrying out armed struggle, and began a new period of building the Workers' and Peasants' Red Army and carrying out the agrarian revolution.