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Most of the victims in a fire at a training institution in Yushui District, Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, were students on the second floor. Why, then, did the students on the second floor not choose to escape when the fire broke out? By talking to the students who were at the scene of the day, we can learn about the following main reasons.
(1) The fire spread rapidly, making it impossible for students to escape
According to eyewitnesses, the fire spread very quickly after the fire broke out. After the basement**, thick smoke quickly filled the stairwell, making it impossible for students to escape through the stairs. The students realized it was too late to escape and had to wait in the flames for rescue. The rapid fire caused the students to lose their best chance to escape.
When the fire began to spread, the smoke quickly filled and created a huge obstacle for the students. They felt the scorching heat and thick smoke in the air, realized that the time was running for escape, and immediately took action. However, the smoke inside the stairwell quickly spread, making it impossible for students to escape through the only staircase leading to the outside. In fact, after only a few steps, they are shrouded in smoke and have blurred vision, so they cannot continue with the escape. Unfortunately, due to the lack of escape routes, the students were trapped in the flames, waiting for rescue.
When the fire broke out, thick smoke filled the classrooms, making it extremely difficult for students to find the location of the windows. The smoke made visibility in the room extremely low, and it was too difficult to find the location of the window in a short period of time unless the student was near the window beforehand. As a result, many students were unable to find a window to escape from and struggled through the smoke and waited for rescue.
The fire-prone environment caused great anxiety and distress to the students. Thick smoke billowed and filled the room, filling the entire space with gray smoke. The students were unable to breathe properly, their eyes were burning, and they had difficulty breathing. At the same time, they had a hard time finding the location of the windows due to the lack of visibility. The students scurryed around, trying to find an exit to escape, but in vain. In the thick smoke, the students had to follow the flow of smoke and find ways to escape outside.
It is understood that the rented classroom on the second floor of the training institution covers an area of only 60 square meters, but more than 40 students are arranged. The classroom has only a narrow exit and can only accommodate one student at a time. Due to the narrow exit, students scrambled to escape, which in turn led to a decrease in escape efficiency.
In order to save money, the training institution chose a smaller classroom area, and did not anticipate the challenges that the unexpected situation would bring. Students in the classrooms crowded together, trying to squeeze through this narrow exit. It is conceivable that in such an emergency, it is impossible to meet the needs of students for rapid evacuation with an exit that can only accommodate one person at a time. The students had to wait in line to escape, and time was of the essence.
Next to the stairs on the second floor, a large amount of coal is piled up. However, burning coal produces highly toxic carbon monoxide gas, causing students to faint and have difficulty escaping. This is one of the reasons why students on the second floor were unable to successfully escape.
While the fire spread rapidly, the burning of coal produced a large amount of carbon monoxide gas. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, toxic gas that cannot be detected by the human senses. When students try to escape through stairs, they are inevitably exposed to smoke containing carbon monoxide. Carbon monoxide poisoning can cause dizziness, nausea, difficulty breathing, and even coma, putting students at risk.
To sum up, the reason why the students died in this fire was not that they were unwilling to escape, but that the escape conditions were extremely poor. The lack of escape routes and the definition of narrow exits made it impossible for students to successfully escape from the fire. In addition, the presence of coal also poses an additional risk to the students' escape. Therefore, it is necessary to attach great importance to the construction of fire prevention and escape facilities in training institutions, as well as the supervision work of regulatory departments.
This Xinyu fire tragedy once again calls on us to strengthen the supervision of fire protection in public places, and not to ignore the safety of people's lives and property in pursuit of economic interests. To this end, we can start to improve from the following aspects:
(1) Strengthen the intensity of routine inspections of public places
Fire departments at all levels should regularly inspect key places such as training institutions, hotels, and shopping malls, and promptly discover and supervise the rectification of violations. We should not open up the net to units with potential safety hazards just because some units have good economic returns, and we must severely punish units that obviously have potential safety hazards.
Fire departments at all levels should increase the intensity of inspections of public places, and regularly inspect the fire protection facilities of key places such as training institutions, hotels, and shopping malls. If it is found that there are unqualified or potential safety hazards, it should be supervised and rectified in a timely manner, and strict penalties should be imposed on the units that fail to rectify to ensure that fire safety measures are effectively implemented.
(2) Intensify the fire protection acceptance and supervision of construction projects
The fire protection acceptance of all kinds of construction projects can not be carried out sloppily or discounted, and the regulatory departments at all levels should conduct a comprehensive inspection of the fire protection facilities in accordance with the standards, and resolutely refuse to pass the unqualified projects. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the daily inspection of completed buildings to prevent unauthorized remodeling in the process of use to increase potential safety hazards.
(3) Strict fire protection design and construction standards for construction projects
Relevant departments should formulate safety and fire protection design standards for public buildings with different functions, and supervise the construction party to carry out construction in strict accordance with the standards, eliminate the behavior of cutting corners, and ensure the quality of buildings and fire protection facilities. At the same time, in the event of a change in the function of the building, it should also be mandatory to carry out the renovation and upgrading according to the new standards.
(4) Increase the force of accountability
Personnel and units responsible for ineffective supervision should be strictly investigated and punished in accordance with the law. At all levels, the responsibility for poor supervision in fire accidents should be investigated in accordance with the law, and civil servants who are derelict in their duties should be held accountable. At the same time, the personnel and operators responsible for the fire should also be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with the law, so as to set an example.
Through the above measures, we can effectively improve the fire safety level of public places and protect the safety of people's lives and property. But at the same time, we must also strengthen the safety awareness of the whole society, put an end to the awareness and skills of stage artists to prevent fires and escape, and improve their self-rescue ability in the event of a fire. Only by making comprehensive efforts in various fields can we effectively prevent the occurrence of fire accidents and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.
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