"Kaifeng Baogong is a symbol of selflessness in the world"。For a long time, the image of Bao Zheng on the screen is tall and mighty, with a dark complexion, and a crescent moon on his head, which symbolizes the blue sky, which is almost equivalent to the embodiment of selflessness and integrity in the iron face.
This classic image is accompanied by many stories such as "Chenzhou Grain Release", "Quanmei Case", "Bao Gong Throwing Inkstone", etc., which has left a deep and beautiful impression in the hearts of generations of people.
However, nearly a thousand years after Bao Zheng's death, some people accused Bao Zheng of not being honest and selfless based on a coffin found in the tomb. So, what is the truth of the facts?
In the popular drama "Qingping Le", the affectionate love between Song Renzong Zhao Zhen and the noble concubine Zhang is touching. "Emperor Yu Fei Baishu, Wen Chengying account card. Even the cautious Renzong was so fond of Concubine Zhang that the ministers persuaded him to "put righteousness first and give up some love".
was envied by all the concubines in the harem during his lifetime, and he founded the concubine ceremony; After her death, she was posthumously named the queen, and the court suspended the court for her for seven days, which were recorded in the history books, showing his deep preference for Zhang Guifei.
Between the government and the opposition, Song Renzong's favor for a woman caused great controversy. Many famous ministers, such as Tang Jie, Ouyang Xiu, etc., openly opposed and expressed dissatisfaction.
They were even degraded for being too vehement. However, when Injong was deeply in love and refused to listen to the opinions of others, only one dared to stand up and face the emperor's advisors.
He is Bao Zheng, who is famous for his "jointless joints, and has the name of Yama Bao Lao". His uprightness and outspokenness made his admonitions pierce the heart of the palace.
According to the History of the Song Dynasty, Bao Zheng resolutely opposed Song Renzong's promotion of Zhang Guifei's uncle Zhang Yaozuo as the Xuanhui envoy, and he severely reprimanded Zhang Yaozuo in the recital of "Shangrenzong's Discussion on Zhang Yaozuo's Improper Removal of the Four Envoys", saying that he was "ashamed and ignorant, the filth of the true Qing Dynasty, and the charm of the day."
Bao Zheng led the imperial history group to write a direct advice six times before and after, and even when Renzong did not adopt his own opinions, he still pulled Renzong's sleeve while not letting him go, while talking excitedly, saliva splashed on the emperor's face, forcing Song Renzong to come to the stage, and the promotion of Zhang Yaozuo had to be stopped.
Song Renzong returned to the harem after going down, Zhang Guifei immediately greeted him and asked how things were going.
You just want to make a Xuanhui envoy and a Xuanhui envoy, don't you know that Bao Zheng is the imperial historian? "What Song Renzong means is, Xuanhui envoy, Xuanhui envoy, you only know that you want to Xuanhui envoy, don't you know that the current imperial history is Bao Zheng?
This incident fully demonstrated Bao Zheng's loyalty and firmness, he was not afraid of the powerful, dared to speak out, and protected the interests of the country with practical actions.
After the incident, although Renzong was angry, he did not punish Bao Zheng as severely as he had done with Tang Jie and others before, but chose to accept Bao Zheng's opinion and gave up promoting Zhang Yaozuo.
In fact, the reason why Bao Zheng can be reused by Renzong is not only because he is impartial and selfless, strict with himself, but also because he has a noble character and an honest and fair image.
Duanzhou is famous for producing inkstones, and Duanzhou inkstones have always been a treasure sought after by literati and doctors. However, all the big and small people who came to Duanzhou filled their pockets in the name of "Gong Yan", and they were levied dozens of times.
According to the "History of the Song Dynasty: The Biography of Bao Zheng", the number of inkstones he ordered to make was just enough for the number of tributes, and after the expiration of his term, he did not take a single inkstone. There is also a story of "Bao Gong throwing an inkstone into a continent" in the local area, which shows that Bao Zheng's image is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.
Therefore, at that time, the scholars praised him and called him "Bao Justice".
In 1973, to make room for the construction of the factory, the city of Hefei decided to relocate the cemetery. Under the organization of the city, the archaeological team assembled and excavated the Bao Cemetery for the first time. For the sake of prudence, the team members chose the small tomb farthest away from the tomb group to explore.
Located to the southwest of the main burial chamber, this small tomb is ordinary at first glance, but in fact it is extraordinary. Although it is a small pit tomb with no sealed soil and common rammed earth layer robbery holes, its unique geographical location indicates that the identity of the tomb owner may not be ordinary.
Soon after, when everyone opened the small burial chamber, they were stunned. There is actually a delicate golden silk nanmu coffin inside. This wood is known as "emperor wood", which is rare and slow-growing, and was mostly used in imperial palaces and a few temples in ancient times, enjoying the name of "national wood".
The value of this coffin is unparalleled, and it is also equipped with 6 large iron rings on both sides of the bottom plate to hold the ribbons to help pull the coffin.
Or, as folklore goes, it's just a coffin of suspicion? But Bao Gong is known for being incorruptible, why should he set up a suspicious coffin?
After unraveling the mystery of the ancient tomb, the archaeological team found that the bones in the tomb had been severely deformed and scattered, and it needed to be identified by a professional institution. However, in this ancient tomb, the two most valuable epitaphs have been tattered, and one of them can be vaguely seen engraved with "Epitaph of Song Yongkang County Lady Dong", and the other is engraved with "Epitaph of Shangshu Xiaosu Bao Gong of the Gift Department of the Song Privy Council".
This means that this inconspicuous little tomb is not a suspicious coffin, but a cemetery of Bao Gong! Moreover, after identification, these bones belonged to a middle-aged male, which completely matched the age of Bao Gong.
However, the bones of Mrs. Bao Dong are missing, is it because the original tomb was damaged, causing the bones to be hastily transferred to this small tomb in the chaos?
In order to solve the mystery of the tomb, the archaeological team specially invited Bao Zunyuan, a descendant of Bao Gong, to assist, and provided the "Bao Family Genealogy" as a reference. According to genealogical records, Bao Gong was buried in the main tomb, not in this small tomb in the middle of nowhere.
However, despite this, the descendants of Bao Gong still doubted the authenticity of the genealogy, because their family had always worshiped the main tomb in the tomb complex.
When the descendants of the Bao family heard that the golden silk nanmu coffin in the ** soil of the Bao Cemetery raised questions, they were angry and expressed their resolute opposition, firmly believing that this small tomb was not the real Bao Cemetery.
Long before the excavation began, Zhao Quan, a reporter for the Hefei Evening News, had already interviewed several of Bao Gong's descendants. Among these descendants, some of them gave up going out to work, silently guarding the Bao Gong Ancestral Hall, and introducing the life of Bao Gong to tourists for free; Others protect the Bao Cemetery from being disturbed and stick to it for the rest of their ......livesFor them, the image of Bao Gong has always been with them, always spurring them to behave in a way that leads them.
How could such a clean official enjoy such a luxurious treasure privately?
In order to solve the doubts of the descendants of the Bao family, and also to verify whether this small tomb is really the Bao cemetery, the expedition team decided to test the soil near the tomb. The results showed that the soil around the burial chamber had been inspected and showed signs of renovation and backfilling.
This is not quite in line with the thousand-year-old history of the Bao Cemetery, even if it was once excavated by Jin soldiers. Just when the expedition team was at a loss, a mysterious old man appeared in front of everyone.
At this time, the excavation of Bao Cemetery has been going on for nearly half a year, and the novelty of the surrounding people has gradually faded, and they no longer frequently gather around to watch the excitement.
The old man's name is Xia, he wanders around the scene every day rain or shine, according to Wu Sheng, a member of the expert group of Hefei's "Bao Gong Integrity Exhibition", his ancestors have received the favor of Bao Gong, in order to repay Bao Gong, he has been guarding Bao Gong's tomb for generations.
In a casual conversation with the archaeological team, the old man said sincerely: "The real Bao Cemetery is not here, but in the rape field not far behind the largest burial chamber. The archaeological team looked at the old man with a loyal face, and in the spirit of believing it, they returned to the original tomb group again, and to their surprise, they really found the largest burial chamber in the rape field not far from the main tomb.
In this burial chamber, experts also found a wooden figurine, 35 centimeters high, wearing a Taoist crown, wearing a square collar robe, and hands clasped in front of the chest, experts believe that it is one of the twelve gods of the Song Dynasty.
The tomb system of the Song Dynasty was strict, and there were strict hierarchical restrictions on the use of burial goods. Only the ** above the second grade can enjoy the Twelve Chen Divine Warriors, and Bao Zheng is the only person in the Bao family who has this qualification.
Therefore, this discovery is enough to prove that the real Bao Cemetery is here. However, the extent of the destruction of the burial chamber was staggering, with a brutal "unveiling" method of destroying the entire coupon-shaped roof, leaving the burial goods almost untraceable, the epitaph being broken into five pieces, and the floor tiles and foundation stones almost completely incomplete.
All this makes people sigh.
It turns out that most tomb robbers are greedy for money, so why would they go to such great lengths to destroy the entire tomb without leaving any room for it? Whether it is the grievances between the powerful or the changes in society, it seems that no answer can be given.
When the archaeological team tried to find the old man again, he had already quietly left. In this cemetery, the archaeological team has successively found brick platforms used to place epitaphs, which are completely consistent with the two epitaphs found earlier.
The whole burial chamber is very simple, and the unearthed square inkstone is also the most common type, which is consistent with the image of "not holding an inkstone" in the history of the Song Dynasty. Probably the most valuable of the entire chamber are the destroyed epitaphs.
Mr. Cheng Rufeng, a lifelong dedication to the study of Bao Gong, he found that more than 60 years after Bao Zheng's death, the Jin soldiers invaded the south, and the Bao Gong Cemetery was tragically destroyed.
Wu Xinghan, the excavator, also agrees with this view, arguing that the original small tomb was just a relocation tomb. This move allowed the Bao Cemetery to be quiet for more than 800 years after the relocation. However, with the passage of time, this secret has long been lost among the descendants of the Bao family and the "Bao Ensheng" who specializes in managing the tombs, and the wrong tombs have been worshipped for many years.
It is gratifying that according to the investigation of Wu Sheng's expert group, the cemetery is guarded not only by the Bao clan, but also by the grave guards and the surrounding people who have been cultivating the cemetery for generations.
As the investigation deepened, the truth of the matter finally came out, and the golden silk nanmu coffin was not Bao Gong, but someone else. Although they did not know anything about the relocation of the Bao Cemetery, they knew exactly where the original tomb of Bao Zheng was destroyed by the Jin soldiers.
Therefore, today, thousands of years later, the truth has been revealed, protecting the last peace of a generation of Qing officials.
After centuries of vicissitudes, from this humble tomb, we seem to be able to see a wise and brave figure, a family that has been passed down from generation to generation, and a family that is noble and bright.
Although the passage of time will take away a lot, it will never be able to take away the respect that has been precipitated by thousands of years, nor can it take away people's respect for him. His sense of justice shocked the princes, and his spirit of slaying demons and demons will be remembered forever.
The couplet at the tomb seems to be the best description of his life.
Bao Xiaosu's Family Motto teaches his children and grandchildren that if they are corrupt in their careers, they must not return home, and they cannot be buried in the ancestral grave after death. If we do not follow this teaching, we are not our descendants.
In the cemetery of the Bao family, there are no gold, silver, jewelry, silk and satin, only ordinary daily necessities and written records. Even many of the descendants of the Bao family died because of poverty.
Bao Zheng's youngest son, Bao Shou, has been an official for many years, and in addition to the certificate of official position and writings, there is no accumulation in the relics for future generations to consider. After he died, he didn't even have the money to bury himself, and in the end, he was able to be buried thanks to the savings of his descendants for many years.
The excavation of the Bao Gong Cemetery has made Anhui re-realize the importance of the spirit of Bao Gong. In recent years, commemorative activities about Bao Gong have sprung up here, including the Anti-Corruption Culture Exhibition, the Bao Gong Cultural Research Association, and Bao Gong's birthday.
Today, Bao Cemetery is no longer a deserted place, but crowded with people. From the "All the Way Honest" scenic spot to the subway Baogong Cultural Wall, from the "Millennium Baogong" documentary to the "Baogong Cup" exhibition, no matter what the form, the spirit and connotation of Baogong to this land have always remained the same.
When Bao Gong is mentioned, the faces of the locals are full of pride: "Bao Gong is our best business card." "The homeland of the Three Kingdoms, the hometown of Bao Gong" is no longer just an empty slogan, but has been inherited and developed through elements such as Bao Gong Cemetery, Bao Gong Ancestral Hall, Bao River, Qingfeng Pavilion, etc., which has truly pushed Bao Gong culture to the public's field of vision and made Bao Gong spirit truly become a link of cultural exchange and development.
There are those who, though alive, are like walking corpses; And some people are gone, but they live forever in people's hearts. "In the real world, there are many people who spend their lives chasing fame and fortune, which seems to be brilliant, but in fact it is empty; However, those like Bao Gong, who are honest and honest, and love the people, are extremely valuable.
Therefore, no matter in which era, the story of Bao Gong has been handed down in various forms and has become a popular story among the people. The darker the society, the more people miss Bao Qingtian who dared to challenge authority and eradicate evil.