ICBMs are one of the most important ** in the country. At present, in addition to the five permanent members of the Security Council that possess nuclear warheads, the smaller ones in Northeast Asia have developed four land-based intercontinental missiles, and the Fire Demon 18 is the world's largest solid-state intercontinental missile.
Few people know that during this particular Cold War period, both the United States and the Soviet Union were developing new**, especially the 40,000-kilometer-long ballistic intercontinental missile developed by the Soviet Union. What exactly happened to such an ICBM?
After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union "shared" Germany's missile technology, and at the same time improved on Germany's basis and developed their own ballistic missiles. The United States has developed intercontinental missiles of the "Honest John" and "Corporal" classes such as the "Honest John" and the "Corporal". The Soviet Union developed medium- and short-range missiles, such as the P1, P2, and P11, as well as intercontinental missiles such as the P12, P14, and P16 intercontinental missiles.
In the 60s of the 20th century, the nuclear competition between the United States and the Soviet Union entered a white-hot stage after the outbreak in Cuba. The USSR recognized that there was still a huge gap between it and the United States in terms of ICBMs. In particular, ICBMs powered by liquid fuel oil of the P7 type are not very stable from any point of view. The Soviet Union also once failed to test launch a P16 intercontinental missile, resulting in a strategic-level commander being blown to pieces, forcing the Soviet Union to develop a ballistic missile that "defended the sky."
In this case, "36-? type of intercontinental missile came into being. How exactly does an ICBM operating in orbit work? Rocket + Sputnik.
What is Sputnik? Speaking of the origins of these technologies, we have to mention the sub-trajectory bomb developed by Germany in World War II. The idea of suborbital flight was invented in 1943 by a scientist named Sanger. With the help of Sangel's research team, the Germans have begun to develop the Silver Bird sub-trajectory bomb.
Soviet anti-aircraft missiles.
Judging by the published data, the Silver Bird suborbital bomber can carry out a maximum speed of 24,000 meters per hour and a maximum speed of more than 1,900 meters per hour, and can shuttle back and forth in different atmospheric environments. When the plane takes off from a runway more than 3,000 kilometers long, it enters the atmosphere at breakneck speed and circles back and forth in the air until it bombs a target on U.S. territory.
The only difference is that the Silver Bird suborbital bomber was launched into space, and it was not equipped with more powerful propulsion to extend its range. And the Soviet ICBM of the Il-36-1 type allowed it to achieve its goals at a greater distance.
Silver Bird bomber.
Simply put, "36???The ICBM is equipped with a rocket thruster with its own targeting and maneuvering system. This missile is equipped with a nuclear warhead. The P36OP6 rocket propulsion unit sends a nuclear warhead into low-Earth orbit, where it needs to operate in a low-Earth orbit in the event of a breakthrough of the Earth's gravity. Its control system guarantees the smooth operation of the missile on the ground. Once the target is found, the P36OP6 missile quickly locks on and hits a target.
Such an attack pattern that circles the world has brought technical difficulties to the US ** team. What do you mean by that?
The first question is, "34???The targets of the ICBM attack are not clear. For example, "36???ICBMs are preparing for an attack on one of the US bases in Hawaii. The U.S. ** missile will definitely be deployed against the Soviet Union's intercontinental missiles. An ordinary intercontinental missile, with a range of more than 10 thousand km, will certainly have a specific flight trajectory, on which the American anti-missile system can effectively intercept.
Air defense system of the USSR Air Force in 2014.
However, "36-? ICBMs are enough to make it difficult for the United States to block the missile defense system. This is due to the fact that "-36-? ICBMs have a distance of 40,000 kilometers and orbit the Earth. That is, "Il-36???The flight trajectory of the ICBM is completely random. “р36-б？ICBMs can fly near the North Pole to attack the U.S. fleet, attack the U.S. convoy from the South Pole direction, or fly along the earth from other directions. How can the Americans resist such a ballistic? I can't stop it at all.
Second, "Il-36???An intercontinental missile, which flies faster than the fastest in the world. How fast is the rate of the first world? 23.2 times the speed of sound, which is already the most advanced technology in the Cold War era, is also a well-deserved ultra-high speed. Because, without reaching the speed of light, this missile will be out of orbit of the Earth. Therefore, the speed of this missile is not at all something that the United States can withstand.
Thirdly, the United States has encountered great difficulties in investigative work. Unlike ICBMs in general, -36 ???It is the ballistics of low-orbit satellites, and the United States is able to track the traditional Soviet ICBMs, such as the P7, P16, and later the Yars and Topol, however, the warhead of this "Als" is running along the low orbit of the earth's surface, and its mode of operation is the same as that of artificial satellites, which can perfectly pass off as artificial satellites. The Americans didn't even know what the Soviets were going to attack, and how could they detect it? In the sixties of the last century, the United States did not have a plan for an interstellar war and could not destroy Soviet ICBMs in space.
Therefore, in the eyes of the Americans, the ICBMs of the "36-1" type are simply "against the sky" in terms of science and technology. It is impossible for the US missile defense system to be intercepted at all.
Next, there is the detailed information of this missile.
The Type 36-3 ICBM is a two-stage liquid-fueled ICBM with an altitude of 150-180 kilometers above the ground, precision guidance of 1000 meters, and a warhead with a power of 5 million tons TNT.
Therefore, in terms of aiming, the Al-36-3 ICBM relies on powerful ground-based optical aiming and advanced inertial navigation technology to jointly complete the locking of the target. The missile is more than 30 meters long and more than three meters wide, and uses nearly 90 tons of metadimethylhydrazine as fuel and nitrogen tetroxide as an oxidizing agent.
Each bazooka has 6 seats, each of which is more than 40 meters deep and more than 4 meters wide.
The Russian-36-1 ICBM is extremely powerful, and the Soviet Union has put a lot of effort into this. Whenever an ICBM of the "-36-1" type was sent into space, the USSR named the nuclear warhead carried by this "Sputnik" in some way. Since December 1965, the United States has not been aware of the test launches, and still believes that the Soviet Union is frequently firing Sputnik. It was not until November 1967 that the United States suddenly realized that the Soviet Union was carrying out an intercontinental missile flying in orbit.
So the -36-propyl ICBMs, which terrify the Americans, are already equipped with the army? Not only in service, but in large quantities.
Brezhnev Buenz Buenz.
During this period, the leadership of the USSR had changed hands. Brezhnev was an ambitious man who wanted his military power to be superior to that of the United States and above the whole world. Su Xunzong's mind is full of ideas about how to defeat the United States, so he will use this powerful **, such as -36 -??Under the 31st Army of the Strategic Rocket Forces of the USSR, the USSR had three brigades of "-36-? intercontinental missiles, 6 in each corps. Brezhnev believed that once the United States and the Soviet Union went to war, 18 rockets at the same time, the United States would "whine, whine, mourn", and it would be impossible to resist at all.
In 1969, the land-based ICBM of the Type 36 was put into combat readiness. At the peak of the war between the Soviet and Soviet armies, the Russian-36-3-1-3-3-2-3-6-3 ICBM was the biggest nightmare for the Americans.
The Type 36-1 ICBM was a magical era of the Cold War, and although it was decommissioned in 1983, it became a milestone in the history of human ICBM development.