She was Wang Jingwei's first love and leader, dedicated herself to the modern democratic revolution, but after the Xinhai Revolution, she found that her former comrades began to deviate from their original intentions, lost confidence in the prospects of the revolution, and finally chose to end their lives by suicide.
In 1884, Fang Junying was born in Houguan County, Fujian, and had many children in her family, and she was the second. In 1901, under the sponsorship of her uncle, she and her younger brother went to Japan to study.
After that, she joined the China League, founded by Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and devoted herself to the revolutionary cause. A total of six members of the Fang family joined the Alliance, and it became a good story for a while.
After being exposed to revolutionary ideas, her ideas became increasingly radical. During her stay in Japan, she met Wang Jingwei and became a lover with him. At that time, many in the League believed that when the uprising was launched, it was necessary to get rid of the importance of the Qing Dynasty in order to expand the influence of the revolution.
Therefore, in 1909, Fang Junying, Wang Jingwei, Yu Peilun and others organized the establishment of the Assassination Department of the China Alliance, intending to return to China to assassinate the high-ranking officials and dignitaries of the Qing Dynasty.
Because of her calm wisdom, everyone elected her as the head of the assassination department and became Wang Jingwei's superior. Since then, she and members of the Assassination Department have planned several assassination attempts, mostly in failure.
Fang Junying's seventh brother Fang Shengdong died in the uprising and became one of the 72 martyrs of Huanghuagang.
In 1912, Fang Junying returned to Fuzhou and became the principal of Fujian Women's Normal School. Soon after, she embarked on the road of studying in France with Wang Jingwei, Chen Bijun and others.
Despite being in a foreign country, she always pays attention to the dynamics at home. When she learned the news that Yuan Shikai had usurped power and the domestic situation was unstable, she was deeply worried.
Soon after, when she heard that Yuan Shikai was about to agree to the 21 unequal treaties proposed by Japan, she immediately decided to interrupt her studies and return to China to prevent all this from happening.
However, by the time she returned to Shanghai, the treaty had already been signed. Faced with the helpless truth, Fang Junying could only continue her study abroad life. At the same time, her lover Wang Jingwei also betrayed her and chose to be with Chen Bijun.
These blows made Fang Junying suffer.
In 1921, after graduating, Fang Junying became the first Chinese female student to obtain a master's degree from a French school. At the end of the year, she returned to her homeland after a long absence with patriotic enthusiasm.
However, the car accident before returning to China left her with a brain **, and her mental condition became unstable. When she saw the chaotic situation in the country and was deeply worried about the future of the country and the revolution, she was even more saddened by the fact that many of the comrades with whom she had fought had forgotten their original intentions and become corrupt, which made her deeply disappointed.
Despite this, she still firmly believes that as long as everyone does not forget their original intentions and moves forward bravely, they will be able to achieve a better future.
Fang Junying took a large amount of morphine on June 12, 1923, and died two days later at the age of 39.
In the long history of the modern Chinese Navy, there is an immortal legend - Sa Zhenbing. His life experienced the change of four emperors, and witnessed the Beiyang warlord period, the national ** period until the establishment of New China.
He was not only the commander-in-chief of the Qing Dynasty Navy, but also the Commander-in-Chief of the Navy (Commander-in-Chief of the Navy), and can be called an outstanding figure in the history of the Chinese Navy.
Sa Zhenbing: The Rise of Coastal Defense Pioneers Sa Zhenbing, born in Fuzhou, Fujian Province in 1859, was born in a famous family and has produced many talents since ancient times. His father, Sa Yichen, was a jinshi in the Daoguang period, good at teaching private schools, and had a deep friendship with Shen Baozhen in Fuzhou at that time, especially when Shen Baozhen was planning coastal defense in Fujian.
In 1866, Shen Baozhen founded China's first modern naval school, Mawei Ship Master School, and Sa Zhenbing was successfully admitted to the second phase of the school under the recommendation of his father, and became a classmate with Deng Shichang.
After four years of study and internship, he graduated with honors and was subsequently sent to Fujian for an internship as a water division. Four years later, he, Liu Buyun, Fang Boqian, Ye Zuqi and others were sent to study at the Royal Naval College in the United Kingdom.
This group of elite talents is carrying the future of the country and the nation, shouldering the mission of learning from the advanced technology of the West and self-improvement, and embarking on a journey of thousands of miles. Sa Zhenbing, the pioneer of coastal defense, began his legendary life.
Sa Zhenbing, a soldier with the dream of revitalizing the Chinese Navy, was transferred to the Tianjin Naval Academy as a teacher even in the Qing Dynasty. However, China is not safe at sea, and the Western powers are eyeing up and ready to strangle this fledgling naval force.
In the Sino-French War, the Fujian Navy Division was completely annihilated, and he angrily put down the whip and put on the military uniform again, because he was a soldier from beginning to end. Two years later, he was appointed to the Beiyang Navy's Weiyuan Ship Pipe Band.
When the First Sino-Japanese War broke out, the flames of war quickly burned to the Yalu River, and he was ordered to stay in Weihai, and his classmates Liu Buyun, Lin Taizeng, Deng Shichang, and Ye Zuqi also participated in the Battle of the Yellow Sea that decided the fate of the country.
Although they were not the winning side, their heroic resistance was admirable. After the defeat in the Battle of the Yellow Sea, the Japanese army advanced to Weihaiwei, and he was ordered to garrison Ridao.
His wife had traveled thousands of miles to visit him, but he had ordered forbidden to board the ship and was determined to stick to his post. In the face of the bitter persuasion of the soldiers, he said righteously: "If this body is not for the country, who will die?" ”
After the First Sino-Japanese War, the Beiyang Navy suffered heavy losses, and Sa Zhenbing was forced to retire and return to his hometown. However, with the rebuilding of the navy by the Qing Dynasty, Sa Zhenbing stepped on the Navy again, only to find that the heroic appearance of the past no longer exists.
On the eve of the collapse of the Qing Dynasty, Sa Zhenbing became the leader of the navy due to his qualifications and experience. However, after the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, he was assigned by the Qing ** to suppress the revolutionary party, but because he did not want to betray the Qing court and did not want to hurt the revolutionary party, he finally chose to leave.
During the Beiyang warlord period, as a recognized naval veteran, Sa Zhenbing served as the chief of the navy for a long time, but the situation in China is not optimistic, the warlords are fighting, the people are living in hardship, his position as the chief of the navy is in name only, although China has territorial waters, but there is not enough ** to protect.
After the Northern Expedition, Sa Zhenbing withdrew from politics and returned to his hometown in Fujian to do charity, raise funds to build hospitals, and live a life without fighting.
Sa Zhenbing (right) in 1939 In 1949, the People's Liberation Army crossed the river, and a million-strong army swept through the remnants of the Kuomintang and approached Fujian. Chiang Kai-shek sent a message hoping that Sa Zhenbing would go to Taiwan with him, but Sa Zhenbing was 90 years old at the time and politely declined.
In 1951, when the Chinese People's Volunteers occupied Seoul, 92-year-old Sa Zhenbing cried with joy. He experienced too much humiliation, especially the fiasco 57 years ago, when his compatriots were so defeated that they didn't even have time to bury their bodies, and were chased all the way to China by the Japanese army.
At this time, he looked at his country's army, defeated the most powerful army in the world, and washed away a hundred years of national humiliation, Sa Zhenbing was excited, and wrote a poem: Fifty-seven years are like a dream, and the whole country has fallen to Seoul.
Don't give up on yourself in the shallow water, and there will be a day of raising your eyebrows. In 1952, Sa Zhenbing died of illness at the age of 93. Later generations praised: "The author of the historical inn: Wittingen Stein." ”
In 1939, Sa Zhenbing taught in the Department of History of Peking University and made important contributions to the study of Chinese history. After his death, the Department of History of Peking University held a memorial service for him and engraved his name and life deeds on his tombstone.
Sa Zhenbing was an outstanding historian and educator, and his academic achievements and educational contributions will always be remembered by future generations. His perseverance, patriotism, and noble personality will forever inspire us to continue to move forward on the road of history.