Guo Tianmin, a general who shone in the War of Resistance Against Japan, his life is full of legends. Born in poverty, he did not give up his dream of studying, but worked harder. He not only learned military skills at the Whampoa Military Academy, but also joined the Communist Party of China and was determined to fight for the country's liberation. He performed well on the battlefield of resistance against Japan, especially in the crucial battle of capturing ZhangjiakouHis heroic performance earned him the reputation of "Hero of the Anti-Japanese War". So what else is there in the story of General Guo Tianmin that is worth pondering? Let's go with Xiao Yao to see what's going on.
Guo Tianmin, this name has an extraordinary meaning in modern Chinese history. Born into a poor family in Hubei, he showed a thirst for learning and concern for the future of the country from an early age. Although his poor family did not allow him to enjoy a complete educationBut that didn't stop him from pursuing knowledge.
In 1926, an important turning point occurred in his life. Guo Tianmin decided to go south to Guangzhou, a city that was then ignited by revolutionary enthusiasm. Here he joined the Whampoa Military Academy, which not only provided the military training he needed, but more importantly, it broadened his horizons and made him realize that being a soldier requires not only skills, but also responsibilities.
During his days at the Whampoa Military Academy, Guo Tianmin not only studied military theories and tacticsHe was also deeply influenced by revolutionary ideals. He began to think about the future of his country and was determined to contribute to changing the fate of the country.
In 1927, Guo Tianmin took part in the passionate Canton Uprising, but after the failure of the uprising, he fought for a period of time in the Haifeng area. The successive failures of the three major uprisings have made the Communist Party of China deeply aware of the difficulties of direct confrontationIt was therefore decided to send revolutionaries back to their hometowns to carry out progressive movements at the grassroots level. Guo Tianmin originally planned to return to his hometown of Huang'an, but when passing through Ganzhou, he happened to meet the Red Army led by ** and *** who were resting here.
This chance encounter changed his fate. After thinking about it, he decided that it was the same to participate in the revolution anywhere, and decided to stay in the Red Army and continue to fight. Huang'an is a place where generals are produced, and it is also an important base for the Red Fourth Front ArmyAs a result, Guo Tianmin became the only general from Huang An in the Red Army.
Guo Tianmin served in the old army, with some of the habits of the old army, such as a preference for corporal punishment of soldiers. In December 1929, at the Furuta Conference, ** specifically noted his behavior. In the face of such criticism, Guo Tianmin showed great humility, and he began to reflect on the true meaning of the people's army, and gradually corrected those bad habits. He was also a man who stood up for what he believed was true, and he always stood up for what he thought was wrong.
In 1932, the pace of aggression of Japanese imperialism intensifiedThey established a puppet regime in northeastern China, the puppet state of Manchukuo, and began a ruthless plundering of the region's resources.
Since coal was one of the main energy sources at that timeThe abundant coal mines of Tohoku naturally became the primary target of the Japanese invaders. With the establishment of the puppet state of Manchukuo, the Japanese stepped up the development of railways and shipping in order to transport coal and other resources more efficiently.
Not content with this, the greedy hand of the Japanese invaders also extended to important industrial raw materials such as steel. They not only intensified the exploitation of existing mineral resources, but also sent expeditions deep into Chinese mainland to search for valuable resources such as oil and iron ore. As Japanese forces consolidated their grip on the northeast, their tentacles gradually extended to the rest of China. Various mineral resources and forests are mined in large quantities, and a large amount of precious timber is shipped to Japan.
What is even more infuriating is that the Japanese army not only plundered China's natural resources,There was also a plundering of China's cultural heritage. Many precious artifacts were smuggled into Japan to become exhibits in their museums.
In order to support its war of aggression, Japan built a series of factories on the basis of plundered resources to produce military materials such as ** and ammunitionand to transport these supplies to various military bases set up in China.
As the war dragged on, Japan realized that in order to occupy China for a long time, it was necessary to establish a solid logistics base. So in the areas they controlled, especially in the strategic place of Zhangjiakou,Numerous military warehouses were set up to store large quantities of war materials and provide continuous support for its war of aggression.
In October 1934, the CCP was influenced by the "leftist" erroneous ideologyAs a result, the Red Army suffered a major defeat in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression".I had to start a 25,000-mile long march with great difficulty. Guo Tianmin, then the chief of staff of the Red Ninth Army, embarked on this legendary journey with the troops, and shouldered the heavy responsibility of protecting the safe retreat of the main force, becoming a strong defender on the Long March.
During the Long March, especially after the four crossings of Chishui, in order to help the main force get rid of the encirclement and interception of the Kuomintang army, the Red Ninth Army Corps undertook the task of attracting and pinning down the enemy army. They fought alone, with fewer enemies and more enemies, and showed amazing courage and wisdom at the moment of life and death.
Relying on his accurate analysis of the enemy's situation, Guo Tianmin proposed a bold plan to his boss Luo Binghui - to use the local terrainTake the initiative to attack the enemy. They chose the area of Jijiao Mountain as the ambush site, and each team was closely deployed according to the deployment.
As Guo Tianmin predicted, the Kuomintang army was ambushedThe Red Ninth Army won more with less and successfully blocked the enemy's pursuit. This battle bought precious time for the safe retreat of the main forces and became an important victory in the history of the Long March.
Through this battle, the morale of the Red Ninth Army was greatly increased, and Guo Tianmin's command ability was also fully affirmed. They left a strong mark on the road of the Long MarchIt shows the spirit of the communists who are not afraid of difficulties and dare to struggle.
In the summer of 1944, Guo Tianmin served as the commander of the Jicha Military Region. With the victory of the War of Resistance Against Japan, he was appointed commander and political commissar of the 2nd Column of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, and led the troops to participate in the Suiyuan Campaign. In 1946, in the defense of Zhangjiakou,He commanded the strength of 4 regiments, held the position, resisted the continuous attack of the 2 armies of the Kuomintang army, lasted 11 days and nights, and finally annihilated more than 10,000 enemies.
In the same year, at the Laiyuan meeting of the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region, Guo Tianmin had a fierce dispute because he was dissatisfied with the decision-making of the first country. He bluntly accused *** of making serious mistakes on disarmament issuesThe Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Field Army was reduced from 200,000 to 50,000, resulting in the demobilization of 100,000 troops and a one-third reduction in the total strength of the military region. Guo Tianmin believes that the scope of such disarmament is too large, and once a civil war breaks out, it will cause a shortage of troops and put the troops in a passive situation. In addition, he also criticized *** for underestimating the enemy's carelessness and underestimating the ability of the enemy's general Fu ZuoyiAs a result, Zhangjiakou was lost, and the troops suffered heavy lossesMorale was hit hard.
Guo Tianmin's outspokenness angered *** and decided to remove him from all his positions on the spot. This incident caused quite a stir in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei Military Region and also reflected the differences and contradictions within the party in military decision-making at that time. Although Guo Tianmin lost his position as a result, his heroic performance on the battlefield and his adherence to military principles,Still remembered.
In April 1947, the Commander-in-Chief personally led the Working Group from Yan'anConducted on-site inspections in the Shanxi-Chahar-Hebei region. After learning about General Guo Tianmin's situation, Mr. Zhu felt very sorry and thought that it was a pity that such a heroic general was idle. Therefore, he decided to arrange for Guo Tianmin to go to the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Military Region to serve as the deputy chief of staff of the commander, so that he could return to the battlefield.
Guo Tianmin's return to the battlefield is like a tiger returning to the mountains and forestsHis prestige spread far and wide, and he made outstanding contributions to the great cause of liberating the whole country. In the process of cooperating with General Wang Shusheng to open up the newly liberated areas of Hubei and Henan, Guo Tianmin's performance made Wang Shusheng highly praised, and he called him a "good partner" many times. When he partnered with General Chen Geng in the southward operation, Chen Geng praised him as a "perfect match", showing his outstanding talent and leadership on the battlefield.
With the founding of the People's Republic of China, Guo Tianmin's career ushered in a new chapter. He successively served as the first deputy commander of the Yunnan Military Region and the deputy director of the training director department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army. In 1955, he was awarded the highest military rank in the People's Republic of China, the rank of GeneralThis is the highest recognition of his outstanding contributions in the military field.
References:Xia Xingxing: "A meritorious general" Guo Tianmin.
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The Japanese invaders "fed the war with war" and frantically exploited China's timber and mineral resourcesLand & Resources,2015,(09):19-21
He Libo. General Guo Tianmin, Chief of Staff of the "Eight Mansions"[J].Party History Bocai (Documentary),2009,(09):29-33