Reporter Wang Zheng and Liu Wenwen.
In recent years, what achievements have been made in China's industrial development?What are the specific tasks of leading the construction of a modern industrial system with scientific and technological innovation?How to vigorously promote new industrialization in the next step?In response to these questions, Jin Zhuanglong, secretary of the party group and minister of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, recently answered questions from reporters.
Standing at a new and higher starting point, we will consolidate and strengthen the upward trend of the industrial economy.
Reporter: In recent years, what achievements have been made in China's industrial development?What is the current trend of industrial economic development?What's next?
Jin Zhuanglong: Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the general secretary has raised the flag and steered the pilot, and made a series of important expositions on major theoretical and practical issues in promoting new industrialization, which has greatly enriched and developed our party's understanding of the laws of industrialization, and provided a fundamental follow and action guide for promoting new industrialization. China insists on putting the focus of economic development on the real economy, the pace of new industrialization has been significantly accelerated, the overall strength, quality and efficiency of the industry, as well as innovation, competitiveness and anti-risk ability have been significantly enhanced, and the development of industrialization has stood at a new and higher starting point.
The unique advantages of "comprehensive", "many" and "large" industries are more obvious. First, the system is complete. China has 41 industrial categories, 207 industrial categories, and 666 industrial sub-categories, and is the only country in the world that has all the industrial categories in the United Nations Industrial Classification. Second, there are many varieties. Among the 500 kinds of major industrial products, more than 40% of China's product output ranks first in the world, and a number of important products such as personal computers, mobile phones, air conditioners, and solar panels account for more than half of the world's output. Third, the scale is large. In 2022, the added value of China's total industry will reach 4016 trillion yuan, accounting for 33 percent of GDP2%；The added value of the manufacturing industry reached 335 trillion yuan, almost double the number in 2012. China is the world's largest manufacturing country, accounting for about 30% of the world's added value, ranking first in the world for 14 consecutive years.
The pace of "getting stronger" in the manufacturing industry continues to accelerate. The industrial structure has been upgraded at an accelerated pace, and the added value of high-tech manufacturing has accounted for 9 percent of the above-scale industries in 20124% increased to 15. in the first three quarters of 20233%, and the proportion of equipment manufacturing industry increased from 28% to 329%。In some key areas and key tracks, a number of advantageous industries with the competitiveness of the whole industry chain have been formed. In the first three quarters of 2023, the total exports of new energy vehicles, lithium batteries, and photovoltaic products increased by 41% year-on-year7%。The regional layout has been continuously optimized, and 45 national advanced manufacturing clusters have been built, with the output value of leading industries exceeding 10 trillion yuan, accounting for about 30% of the total output value of the industries to which they belong.
The information and communication industry has developed by leaps and bounds. It has built the world's largest and technologically advanced information and communication network, ranking second in the world in terms of computing power, and has built a total of 328 5G base stations20,000 to achieve "gigabit access to cities", "5G connectivity to counties and counties", and "broadband connectivity to every village". The technology industry has realized the transformation from "following imitation" to "leading innovation", with 5G standard essential patent declarations accounting for 42% of the world's total, and the research and development of cutting-edge technologies such as 6G and quantum communication is in the first camp in the world. China has become the world's largest and most active digital consumer market, and industrial Internet applications have been integrated into 49 major categories of the national economy. The security guarantee capacity has been continuously enhanced, and the overall scale of the network security industry has exceeded 200 billion yuan.
Generally speaking, China's industrial development has made great progress, but it is still at an important juncture from big to strong and climbing. At present, the deterministic factors and favorable conditions for the sustainable development of the country are increasing, especially the convening of the National Conference on the Promotion of New Industrialization on September 22 and 23 last year, which has injected strong confidence and strength into our work. In addition, China is also facing a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation brought about by the historic opportunity, in recent years, through the "first move", a new generation of information technology, new energy and other key areas have formed a first-mover advantage. Looking to the future, we have the confidence and ability to seize opportunities and meet challenges, promote new breakthroughs and achievements in new industrialization, and build a strong material and technological foundation for China's modernization.
Industry plays a "ballast stone" role in stabilizing the macroeconomy. At present, China's industrial economy is showing a trend of rebounding and improving. In the first 11 months of last year, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size increased by 4 percent year-on-year3%, the growth rate is 07 percentage points, especially since August, the growth rate has accelerated month by month. This year, we will continue to make every effort to promote the steady growth of the industrial economy and play a good policy "combination punch". We will further implement the work plan for the steady growth of the ten key industries, and support major industrial provinces and key provinces and cities to continue to "take the lead". Consolidate and enhance the role of key regions such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macao as power sources and growth poles, and guide central cities and key urban agglomerations to highlight their characteristic advantages and achieve differentiated development. Promote the coordinated efforts of the "troika" of consumption, investment and exports, boost bulk consumption such as new energy vehicles and electronic products, and explore and cultivate new consumption growth points such as smart homes and domestic "trendy products". Accelerate the implementation of major projects in the "14th Five-Year Plan", support enterprises to carry out technological transformation and upgrading, and expand effective investment in the manufacturing industry. Consolidate and enhance the export advantages of the "new three", stabilize and expand the export of industrial products, and create more new export growth points.
Accelerate the release of new momentum for development, and promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation.
Reporter: In recent years, China's industrial scientific and technological innovation capacity has been significantly enhancedHow will we continue to promote industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation in the next step?
Jin Zhuanglong: Industry is the main battlefield of technological innovation, and it is the field with the most active innovation activities, the most abundant innovation achievements, the most concentrated innovation applications, and the strongest innovation spillover effects. In recent years, China's industrial scientific and technological innovation capability has been significantly enhanced. In 2022, China will become the world's second largest R&D investment country, and more than 570 industrial enterprises will be shortlisted in the top 2,500 global R&D investment, accounting for nearly 1 4. The number of invention patent applications of China's industrial enterprises increased from 17 in 201260,000 pieces, up to 55 in 202250,000 pieces. There are 27 national manufacturing innovation centers, 2 national and local manufacturing innovation centers, and 260 provincial manufacturing innovation centers, and the networked manufacturing innovation ecology has been basically formed. 23 national independent innovation demonstration zones and 178 national high-tech industrial development zones have become important forces leading and driving industrial scientific and technological innovation and the development of high-tech industries. A number of major landmark achievements have been made in the fields of 5G, manned spaceflight, large aircraft, large cruise ships, and high-end medical equipment, and the ability to support key materials has been greatly improved, which has strongly supported the implementation of major national strategies and the construction of a quality, aerospace, transportation, network, and digital China.
Industrial scientific and technological innovation is the fundamental driving force of new industrialization. We will thoroughly implement the deployment of the first-class economic work conference, focus on promoting industrial innovation with scientific and technological innovation, continue to make efforts in technology, enterprises, platforms, services, parks, etc., accelerate the construction and improvement of the demand-oriented, application-driven, enterprise-based, government-industry-university-research fund organic combination of industrial scientific and technological innovation system, and vigorously promote the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation and industrial innovation. The first is to fully implement the high-quality development actions of key industrial chains in the manufacturing industry, further promote the industrial base reengineering project and major technical equipment research projects, strengthen quality support and standard guidance, and continue to improve the resilience and safety level of the industrial chain. The second is to strengthen the main position of enterprises in scientific and technological innovation, and further expand the main body of innovation such as leading enterprises in science and technology, high-tech enterprises, single champion enterprises in the manufacturing industry, and small and medium-sized enterprises in science and technology and innovation. The third is to continue to optimize the innovation platform network, build another 5-10 national manufacturing innovation centers in key areas, and build a number of test verification platforms and pilot platforms in key areas such as key materials and major equipment. Fourth, strengthen the support of scientific and technological innovation services, implement the manufacturing excellent quality project and the new industry standardization pilot project, improve the development policy of the scientific and technological service industry, create an upgraded version of the "torch" brand, and cultivate a professional, market-oriented international science and technology intermediary organization. Fifth, we should give better play to the role of various parks, promote the quality and efficiency of national high-tech development zones, give full play to the role of national independent innovation demonstration zones, build world-leading science and technology parks and innovation highlands, start the creation of national new industrialization demonstration zones, and cultivate world-class advanced manufacturing clusters.
Accelerate the construction of a modern industrial system and promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial system.
Reporter: Accelerating the construction of a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone is an inevitable requirement for building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development. In the next step, how will the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology do a good job in the implementation of key tasks?
Jin Zhuanglong: We must unswervingly strengthen and expand the manufacturing industry, comprehensively improve the level of industrial base upgrading and industrial chain modernization, accelerate the upgrading and development of the industrial system, and build a modern industrial system with advanced manufacturing as the backbone.
The first is to speed up the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries. China's traditional industries are large, accounting for more than 80% of the manufacturing industry, and it is the basic plate for China to maintain its status as the world's largest manufacturing country. We must put the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries in a more important position, accelerate the high-end, intelligent and green development of traditional industries, and let traditional industries "sprout new sprouts". We will increase financial support for technological transformation of manufacturing enterprises, implement preferential tax policies and special re-lending policies, improve the standards for technological transformation of enterprises, strengthen the construction of laws and regulations, and promote equipment renewal, process upgrading, management innovation, and digital empowerment. Implement technological transformation and upgrading projects in the manufacturing industry, focus on key industries such as steel, nonferrous metals, and light industry, widely apply digital intelligence technology and green technology, and promote large-scale technological transformation and equipment renewal. In-depth implementation of the "increase variety, improve quality, create brand" action, accelerate the development of green, intelligent, innovative products. Promote the orderly transfer of industries at home and abroad, continue to do a good job in industrial transfer and development docking activities, and support the central and western regions to improve their ability to undertake industrial transfer.
The second is to consolidate and enhance the leading position of advantageous industries. At present, China's rail transit equipment, ship and marine engineering equipment, new energy vehicles, photovoltaics, communication equipment, power batteries, rare earth and other industries are in a parallel or even leading position, which is an important symbol of China's manufacturing industry to the global value chain in the high-end, we must consolidate this advantage and give full play to it. We must speed up the strengthening of the chain, extend the chain and supplement the chain, expand the scale advantage, enhance the technological advantage, promote the upstream and downstream supply and demand docking, coordinated development, and enhance the competitiveness of the whole industrial chain. It is necessary to enhance the supply capacity of high-end products and promote the high-end application of rare earths in aerospace, electronic information, new energy and other fields. It is necessary to strengthen the innovation and iteration of new technologies and new products, pay close attention to the disruptive changes caused by new technological breakthroughs, identify risk points, and optimize and adjust development strategies in a timely manner. In view of the risk of overcapacity in some fields, it is necessary to strengthen normative guidance and quality supervision, improve industrial concentration, and promote the development of industrial clusters.
The third is to actively cultivate emerging industries and future industries. At present, China's strategic emerging industries account for about 13% of GDP, and we must coordinate technological innovation, large-scale development and application scenario construction, actively develop new quality productivity, and strive to seize the commanding heights of global industrial competition. It is necessary to cultivate more new pillars and new tracks. Make good use of the large domestic market and rich application scenarios, develop and expand emerging industries such as new energy, new materials, and intelligent networked vehicles, promote the large-scale application of Beidou in the field of communications and mass consumption, and actively cultivate new growth points such as biomanufacturing, commercial aerospace, and low-altitude economy. It is necessary to look forward to the layout of future industries. Formulate and implement policy documents for cultivating future industries, promote the research and development, application and promotion of cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence, humanoid robots, metaverse, next-generation Internet, 6G, quantum information, and deep-sea aerospace development, and build new advantages for future development.
Fourth, promote artificial intelligence to empower new industrialization. Artificial intelligence is a strategic technology leading a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, and has emerged in the fields of R&D, design, production and manufacturing, and has become an important driving force for new industrialization. Vigorously promote digital industrialization, develop and expand the core industries of the digital economy, and consolidate the technical foundation of computing power, algorithms, models, and data. Adhere to the overall promotion of "construction, use, and research", improve digital infrastructure and service systems such as 5G, computing power, and industrial Internet, and accelerate the construction of 5G factories. Accelerate the digital transformation of the manufacturing industry, deeply implement the special action of digital empowerment of small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively solve the problems of small and medium-sized enterprises that are unwilling to transfer, dare not transfer, and will not transfer. One of the focuses of large model technology is the application in the production field, with the deep integration of artificial intelligence and manufacturing as the main line, intelligent manufacturing as the main direction, and scenario application as the traction, and the overall layout of general large models and special models in vertical fields, from both ends of supply and demand, to create an innovation ecology, and to empower new industrialization at a high level. In-depth implementation of intelligent manufacturing projects, vigorously develop intelligent products and equipment, smart factories, and smart chains.
Comprehensively enhance the comprehensive strength of enterprises and accelerate the construction of world-class enterprises.
Reporter: What results have we achieved in comprehensively enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises?What will be the next step?
Jin Zhuanglong: Enterprises are the leading force in promoting new industrialization, and only when enterprises are strong can they be strong in industry. In recent years, the comprehensive strength of China's enterprises has been greatly improved. It is prominently reflected in: First, the number of enterprises has increased significantly. The number of industrial enterprises above designated size increased from 34 in 201240,000 increased to 48 by the end of November 202330,000. The number of small, medium and micro enterprises in China exceeds 52 million, and the number of high-tech enterprises reaches 4650,000 have become an important source of new technologies, new industries and new business forms. Second, the backbone enterprises have accelerated their growth. In 2023, there are 142 Chinese companies listed in the world's top 500, ranking first in the world, of which the number of manufacturing enterprises has reached 63. The operating income of China's top 500 manufacturing enterprises increased to 5106 trillion yuan, double the number in 2012. Third, the emergence of specialized, special and new enterprises is accelerating. It has cultivated 10More than 30,000, "little giant" enterprises 120,000, 1,186 individual champion enterprises in the manufacturing industry.
In the next step, it is necessary to break down all kinds of market obstacles, stimulate the vitality of high-quality enterprises and the creativity of outstanding entrepreneurs, and accelerate the construction of world-class enterprises.
The first is to develop and expand the backbone enterprises of the industrial chain. Adhere to the "two unwavering", give full play to the leading role of the enterprise in the important industrial chain, and be the "chain leader" of the modern industrial chain. Promote the private economy to become bigger, better and stronger, protect the property rights of private enterprises and the rights and interests of entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, and guide private enterprises to stick to their main business, strengthen their industry, change their momentum, and consciously take the road of high-quality development. Support leading enterprises to optimize and integrate the industrial chain, innovation chain, and value chain, and accelerate the development of first-class enterprises with ecological dominance and industrial chain control.
The second is to promote the development of small and medium-sized enterprises. Fully implement the Law on the Promotion of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises, adhere to the equal emphasis on management and service, development and assistance, and improve the work system, policy and regulation system, service system and operation monitoring system for small and medium-sized enterprises. Build a gradient cultivation system for high-quality enterprises, increase support in finance and taxation, finance, talent, intellectual property rights, data and other aspects, and stimulate the emergence of more specialized, special and new small and medium-sized enterprises. Improve long-term mechanisms for preventing and resolving arrears of small and medium-sized enterprises, and effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of small and medium-sized enterprises.
The third is to promote the integration and development of large and medium-sized enterprises. Implement the "joint action" to promote the integration and innovation of large and medium-sized enterprises, guide large enterprises to open up all kinds of innovation resource elements to small and medium-sized enterprises, share production capacity resources, and support and drive the innovation of small and medium-sized enterprises. Encourage large enterprises to try and use innovative products of small and medium-sized enterprises for the first time, and promote the promotion and application of supporting products for small and medium-sized enterprises.
People** 2024-01-10 02 Edition).