Lightning strikes can not only cause harm to individuals but also cause damage to household property, such as damage to household appliances, etc. However, we can't control the natural weather, but there are some scientific measures that can be taken to reduce the risk of lightning strikes. This article will focus on how to protect rural self-built houses from lightning and how to protect against lightning and grounding to ensure housing safety.
1. If there are tall structures such as chimneys, water towers or large trees around your house, you can consider using these facilities as the support structure of lightning rods, which can effectively reduce costs.
2. Directly install lightning rods to defend against lightning strikes. The lightning rod can be fixed directly to the roof of the building and the down conductors are routed along the roof and walls. The lightning rod can not only be made of metal conductors, but also can be replaced by wooden poles, which only need to be wound around the wooden poles with a wire 10 cm higher than the wooden pole and a cross-sectional area between 6 and 10 cm; Or lay multiple wires in parallel, but the total cross-sectional area must not be less than 50mm.
3. For open-air barns covered with flammable materials, it is recommended to set lightning rods independently and keep a certain distance from the barn. For houses with flammable materials for roofing, make sure that the down conductor is away from the flammable part when installing a lightning rod on the roof to prevent a fire from being caused by sparks during the process of directing the lightning current.
4. For houses with metal roofs, a down conductor can be installed at least 15 meters at intervals around the perimeter of the roof, and then connected to the grounding electrode.
In the process of lightning protection construction, the following aspects need to be paid attention to.
1. If it is planned to use the main reinforcement of the building as the down line, each layer should be marked with red paint, so that the location can be accurately found when the lightning protection net is laid in the future.
2. When using the main reinforcement as the down conductor for welding, it should be welded on three sides close to the main reinforcement to ensure that the weld is full and firm.
3. Metal components such as metal railings, iron fences, and water towers on the roof should be integrated and welded with the lightning protection net.
4. When the roof flash connector is made of round steel, it needs to be welded with the pre-marked main reinforcement, flat and double-sided welding, and the other end needs to be welded vertically.
5. Before laying the grounding flat iron, it should be straightened, and it should be placed vertically rather than flat. The welding length should be equal to twice the width of the flat iron, and the flat iron buried in the plain soil should be treated with paint for anti-corrosion treatment before backfilling.
6. The material used in the grounding wire must be hot-dip galvanized, and the thickness of the flat iron must not be less than 4mm.
7. The steel bars used in the lightning protection net should be guaranteed to be straight and unbroken, and there should be no ups and downs or bending; The lightning protection supports must be firm and fixed, evenly spaced, and the distance between straight sections should not exceed 1 meter. When the roof of the building presents a curvilinear form, the lightning protection net should be laid along with the curve of the roof of the building.
8. Grounding electrode: Choose a deep place underground to set the grounding electrode, and use steel pipes, angle steel and other materials to drive vertically into the ground. Make sure it is in good contact with the surrounding moist soil.
9. Connection: connect the lightning rod and lightning belt with the grounding electrode, and use welding or bolt fixing. Make sure the joints are rust-free and fastened reliably.
10. Resistance value: The grounding resistance value should be less than 10 ohms to ensure good conductivity.
11. Protection facilities: Set up protection facilities around the grounding electrode, such as metal pipes, waterproof glue, etc., to prevent corrosion and damage.
12. Regular testing: Regularly detect the grounding resistance value to ensure that it meets the requirements of the standard. If any abnormalities are found, they should be dealt with in a timely manner.