Memories of the past of the special train
Xie Xiuying. Transferred to the *** special train to work
I was transferred from the Harbin Passenger Depot to the Special Transport Office of the Ministry of Railways on September 9, 1959. After being transferred, I learned that this is a passenger transport department with a high level of secrecy under the direct leadership of the Ministry of Railways and coordinated and commanded by the General Office. It undertakes the task of transporting the first head of state and the head of foreign state. According to the first regulations and the different needs of guests, there are more than a dozen carriages composed of large special trains, there are also several carriages of small special trains, as well as individual leaders of the single charter car (attached to the rear of the passenger train). The political responsibility is heavy, and the security and confidentiality are extremely high.
For more than two years, from September 1959 to the end of 1961, I served as a chief of duty in the special transport department of the Ministry of Railways. Some of the missions are still impressive.
In April and May 1961, ** went from Beijing to Handan three times to inspect agriculture and peasant life. At that time, the people of the whole country were tightening their belts and cutting back on food and clothing to tide over the difficulties together. Every time I arrived in Handan, I always took the time to go to the fields and farmers' homes to understand the people's conditions and the growth of the crops, regardless of the fatigue of the journey; Discuss with the people to solicit opinions and plan for the future. Every time I come back, the cloth shoes of ** are stuck with thick soil. According to the staff members who followed up, once at lunch in the countryside, the township cadres prepared a bowl of rice and a plate of meat for the prime minister. In those years, the chief, like the people of the whole country, did not eat meat or drink tea. I saw with my own eyes that the chef of the food truck made for the prime minister the "two rice" of rice and millet, and the "gold and silver rolls" made of white flour and cornmeal. The prime minister went to the fields for many days in a row to conduct investigations and studies, dragged his tired body back to the special train, and walked around the car from front to back, caring about the food and accommodation of the flight attendants, and asking if we could have a full meal.
What I will never forget is that the premier took a group photo with all the staff at Handan Station at our request before returning to Beijing. Dressed in crisp white short-sleeved shirts, standing in the middle of us in good spirits, greeting everyone with a smile on his face. I crouched on the lower right side of the Prime Minister and left a precious moment.
In mid-May 1961, ** took a group photo with the staff of the special train at Handan Station.
**Very concerned about special transport work, especially foreign-related passenger transport tasks. Once, I took a special train to accompany King Mahendra of Nepal to Xi'an. After the guests get off the bus, they come to the dining car in their busy schedules to inquire about the vehicle and staffing, and to understand the staff's grasp of the etiquette and etiquette in the reception work. After talking with several comrades, ** was obviously not very satisfied with what he had learned, and he instructed: "You are all young people, working on the special train of chiefs and foreign guests, often receiving foreign guests and even heads of state, you must be proficient in business, have a wide range of knowledge, and it is difficult to be competent for your work if you do not understand humanities, history, customs and etiquette. Go back and tell your leaders that there is no task in normal times, and you should organize more learning of cultural and business knowledge and understand the places of interest and historical sites in major cities; It is also necessary to learn more about the history of the Chinese revolution and modern history. ”
Another time, on the way from Hangzhou to Shanghai, he found that the flight attendants' work clothes were made of cotton, not crisp and outdated, so he said to the flight attendant: "Go back and report to the leader, and in the future, you will be on duty as foreign guests, and you will wear a dress to look energetic." After the leadership research, it was decided that "in the future, all foreign guests will be changed to wear wool". While improving the overall quality of the flight attendants, it also improves the good image of the flight attendants in front of foreign guests.
At the beginning of January 1960, the Communist Party of China held an enlarged meeting of the Politburo in Shanghai, and I was on duty on the special train mission. The special train arrived at Shanghai Railway Station in the evening, and after the guests got off the train, it was about seven o'clock. Elder Yang told me that he wanted me to bring my toiletries to the tail train on duty. He said to me, "This car is going to be thrown out of the big train, and you have to lock the door in the car and go to bed, and I will come and call you breakfast tomorrow morning." "At that time, I was a little scared, but I just agreed to come down. After the captain left, I locked the door, but fortunately I quickly fell asleep and didn't think about anything.
Two days later, the captain told us to go to the show. We took the bus to the 2nd floor of a theater. At about half past seven, I suddenly heard warm applause on the first floor, and someone shouted: "*Come, **Long live!" Hearing the shout, I looked down, only to see a tall figure, walking in with steady steps, it was *** only to see *** slowly and rhythmically beckoning to the crowd on the first and second floors, and motioned for everyone to sit down in the endless applause.
Because it was upstairs, I couldn't see it very clearly, and I always felt a little regretful in my heart. The show started, and I remember that it seemed to be the dance drama "Little Knife Club", because I was always playing back the scene when I walked into the theater in my mind, but I was absent-minded about the show. I think it would be great if I had the opportunity to work on the *** special train in this life! I didn't expect that more than a year later, I was really transferred to the special train of ***.
One day in October 1961, the leaders concerned talked to me and said that they wanted me to work on the chairman's special train. At that time, I was stunned, thinking that there was something wrong with my ears, and I didn't come back to my senses until the leader repeated it. Excitement, excitement, and surprise are mixed with trepidation, apprehension, and uneasiness.
After arriving at the special train, I found that this is a big family of unity and friendship, the comrades are kind and friendly, and treat people sincerely, I quickly eliminated my worries, integrated into the collective, and learned about the marshalling of the train and strict organizational discipline as soon as possible. **The special train consists of a generator car, a radio car, a luggage car, a hard sleeper, two soft sleepers, a high-chartered car, a C-class official car, a B-class official car, a Class A official car, two dining cars (large stove dining car and small stove dining car), and a rear duty car, a total of 13 carriages. A hard sleeper is a camping vehicle for a crew; The soft sleeper car is the rest car of the first guard unit and the Ministry of Railways; The high-charter bus is used for the accommodation of the health care doctor, the confidential secretary and other people; Class C official cars are used by Wang Dongxing and Zhang Yaoci; Class B official car is a spare car, which is specially prepared for other leaders to be received, such as ***; Grade A official cars are resided by ***. During the 10 years of working on the special train, ** is like a respected parent in the "special train family", with his personality charm and teacher's demeanor, educate, inspire, influence, and gather every member of the special train, which I will never forget.
I don't want to cause trouble to the local **
**The main means of transportation for the inspection is the special train. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, whether it was a visit abroad or an inspection in China, most of them were by train, generally once a year in spring and autumn. In the 25 years from 1949 to 1974, a total of 72 special trains were taken, and the longest one was 2 days and 9 months apart. It is precisely because of the large number of rides and long time that the special train is known as the "flowing Zhongnanhai" and "the second home of the first"; *Affectionately call the special train crew "my family" and "my team".
In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the special train facilities were outdated and backward, and there was no air conditioning in summer, so they could only use earthen refrigerators to cool down. With the gradual improvement of the national economy and the increase of the chairman's inspection activities, in 1957, the Ministry of Railways imported a special train from the then GDR, and the chairman's dining car and sleeping car facilities were comprehensively improved, and the carriages were spacious, bright, warm and comfortable. When *** stepped into the carriage for the first time, he looked around the carriage and said: "Yes, yes", "We can have a small meeting here in the future, it is convenient here, it is more economical and convenient and time-saving than the hotels and restaurants below, isn't it good!" ”
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Ministry of Railways Lu Zheng gave instructions to the Minister of Railways: the special train should be fast and punctual, and the time should be set as far as possible in the running interval of other trains. Therefore, in many cases, the time when the special train arrives at the province and city will be controlled in the dead of night, which is safe and does not disturb the people, and tries not to affect other passenger trains. Before each action, the person in charge of special train dispatching will understand the transportation status of railway passenger trains, choose the best time period, and open the line.
The chairman sometimes stayed in the car for a few days or more than ten days. Sometimes I go down to inspect during the day and go back to the car at night to rest. The reason why the chairman wants to live in the car is not because the train is comfortable, but because he does not want to cause trouble to the place and to save money. The sound of steel rails rubbing on the train is endless, coupled with the bumps and shaking along the way, even young people can't sleep well and eat well, let alone those who are old! Of course, trains also have many advantages, such as being more flexible and convenient than airplanes and ships, not affected by the weather, not afraid of wind and rain, and opening when they say they are open, and stopping when they are stopped. Sometimes when I go to the countryside, I get out of the car and talk directly with the farmers in the fields, observe the people's feelings, listen to the people's opinions, and grasp first-hand information. The chairman also often invited local responsible comrades to get on the train and talk while walking, and changed a group of people in each place he went to, so as to make full use of the advantages of the train. Sometimes, an investigation symposium is held on a special train, and after a long time, the special train is ordered to stop on the branch line, and then continue to move forward after the meeting.
The chairman often worked all night on the train. On one occasion, a special train stopped on the airport branch line, fearing that the flight training at the airport would affect the chairman's rest, so the person in charge of the airport ordered the training to be stopped, and the chairman resolutely opposed it after learning about it. Sometimes the special train stops on the branch line of the factory, and the chairman will tell the staff in advance: "I am here, do not restrict mass activities, do not affect the normal working order of the factory." * The special train is parked near the farmland, and the chairman will also tell the guards not to interrupt the normal work of the farmers and not to restrict their freedom of movement. In short, ** always has the people in his heart, and always reminds the people around him not to cause chaos to the masses, to respect the locality, and to rely on the locality.
Of course, the chairman will also go down to live after a long time. At this time, he not only insisted on not making trouble for the place, but also repeatedly warned the people around him to refuse to invite guests and give gifts, and he was not allowed to reach out to the place to ask for things, and to pay for things, there are many examples of this.
Once, the chairman's life manager bought some steamed buns from Tianjin and wanted the chairman to taste them. When the chairman saw the buns, he immediately asked, "Did you give money?" Invoiced? When the administrator unfolded the invoice for the chairman to see, he humorously said: "Okay, I'll pay for it today, Xiaoyao (the conductor of the main train) has a treat, let's eat!" ”
**Attaches great importance to the special train to purchase meals and pay according to price in various places along the way. According to the director of the dining car, before the end of each task, the administrator of the chairman took the initiative to go to the dining car to settle the bill, and there was no less than a penny or a tael of food stamps.
One year he went to Guangzhou to inspect, and the Security Bureau sent An Kexing to manage the life of the chairman and be responsible for the procurement of meals. On that occasion, Ankxing did not deliver the money and food stamps to the local area in time. After returning to Beijing, the chairman learned of this situation, severely criticized An Kexing, and also withdrew his position as administrator, made other arrangements, and paid off the money and food stamps when he went out next time.
Li Yechen, director of the dining car, said that in 1961, after the chairman returned to Beijing from Shanghai, he sent Wang Yuqing, a guard, to settle the bill at the special transportation office, with a note attached: "Comrade Li Yechen, Happy New Year!" Now send the staff food expenses 2104 yuan, 15 pounds of food stamps. ”
In May 1965, when he returned to Jinggangshan, the chairman instructed the staff in advance: "In this operation, don't make it complicated, do everything economically, eat and use local materials, sleep in a thatched hut, use as few people and cars as possible, don't give notice along the way, and don't alarm or affect the work of local responsible comrades." Therefore, when I arrived in Chaling County, the local government could only temporarily vacate the office for the first place to live, which made the comrades of the Chaling County Party Committee very uneasy. On May 29, ** left Jinggangshan, on the way to Ji'an overnight, the local chairman's room was more elaborately arranged, the chairman called the people around him, removed the soft bed and silk quilt, and replaced it with a towel quilt with patches brought from Beijing. The local people were deeply touched and educated. On the special train, ** always wears the slippers he brought from Zhongnanhai, which are very worn and the pajamas with many patches.
**When I returned to Jinggangshan, the daily food fee was 25 yuan, stay for 7 days, need to pay 175 yuan, the accountant Lao Lei resolutely did not accept it. The administrator of the chairman said that it is natural to give money for dinner, which is the rule set by ***, and there is no way to explain if you don't collect money, so the accountant has to accept the money and issue invoices.
Once, when the chairman returned to the special train after inspecting the Huai River, he accidentally spilled ink on the tablecloth while planning a plan for controlling the Huai River and reviewing the map of the Huai River. The chairman said to the conductor not without guilt: "The tablecloth is dirty, and I have to compensate according to the price." The conductor repeatedly explained that the tablecloth was a consumable and did not need to be compensated according to the regulations. The chairman said: "If you have to pay for the damage, there is no reason not to pay for it." Subsequently, the chairman asked the secretary to find the person in charge of the special train and insisted on compensation, and then the person in charge patiently explained and clarified the relevant regulations before giving up.
Once, the chairman wanted to take the large-character book "Qianhanshu" on the car to read under the car, so he wrote an IOU: "A total of 10 large-font Qianhanshu 13-22 are going to lend me a look. After viewing, it will be returned along with the previous 12 copies, April 1st. ”
The President treats us as if we were his own family
**He has always regarded the special train as his "other home" and us as his "own family", and whenever he returns to the train from below, he always likes to say "home again". In our minds, the chairman is like a respectable, amiable and kind "parent". Occasionally, I will take time out of my busy schedule to find a flight attendant to accompany me for a meal and chat about family life. From study, work, life to marriage and family, we care about everything, and educate, encourage and spur everyone anytime and anywhere.
One fine afternoon in the autumn of 1967, while we were stopping at a special line, we suddenly received a notice that the chairman wanted to take pictures with everyone. One by one, we were so excited that we gathered on the grass under the special train, eagerly waiting for the arrival of the chairman. The attentive comrades also prepared a chair for the chairman. "The chairman is here! I don't know who shouted, but I saw the chairman walking with steady steps, waving his hands, while signaling everyone to gather, while walking around the chairs, saying "We are all our own family", and took the lead in sitting cross-legged on the grass. The phrase "we are all our own family" entered everyone's hearts and warmed everyone's hearts, and everyone laughed! When the shutter flickered, the photographer left us with a permanent smile.
In the summer of 1967, on the threshing floor in the suburbs of Shanghai, he sat on the ground and had a cordial conversation with the crew and guards of the special train.
Once, the special train stopped at a special transport line in Changsha, and the chairman boarded the crew's camping bus when he went to the platform for a walk. Several flight attendants who were off duty were surprised and nervous when they saw the arrival of the chairman, and quickly stood up to greet the chairman. He walked through several private rooms and saw that each private room had six beds, and the space was narrow, so he said: "Such a small space and no air conditioning is stuffy and inconvenient, which will affect your rest." The day after the chairman's inspection, the chief guard called Director Zhang Xiaoping, who led the team, to the chairman's office. The chairman said: "The campervan does not have air conditioning, it is too hot in the summer, can it be installed? Director Zhang replied: "The air conditioning is not good, you can change the car." The chairman instructed: "Then change to an air-conditioned car." Director Zhang assured the chairman that he would change it when he returned to Beijing.
On June 14, 1963, the chairman invited Li Yechen, the director of the food truck, to accompany him to dinner, and Li Yechen was nervous and excited. After the chairman saw it, he first put a piece of braised fish in his bowl with chopsticks, and said to him kindly: "Order casually, don't be polite, we are all our own family." Later, the waiter brought a plate of bread, and the chairman took the initiative to hand him a piece of bread and asked, "Do people in your hometown like to eat bread?" Li Yechen replied that he likes to eat. The chairman picked up another piece and said, "On behalf of the people of your hometown, you can eat this piece again." At that time, Lao Li was so moved that tears were about to fall.
From food, housing, transportation, marriage and family, the chairman has given our staff meticulous care. When some flight attendants reach the age of marriage, the chairman will care for them as if they were his own children. One time when he was out just in time for Saturday, the chairman asked Xiaoyao, "What are your plans if you don't come out?" "I wanted to go on a date with my boyfriend. Xiao Yao blurted out. "So you missed the appointment? The chairman said. Unexpectedly, after dinner, the chairman wrote a poem on 16 sheets of paper: "Jing Nu Qishu, I am at the corner of the city." Love but not see, scratching his head and hesitating. Give it to Xiao Yao and say, "Take it back, Xiao Lu won't blame you." The chairman used humorous and vivid poems to express his concern and love for the younger generation. Li Fengrong's lover served as a soldier in other places, and the chairman once wrote a Tang poem on rice paper with a brush: "Qinghai Changyun Dark Snow Mountain, the lonely city looks at Yumen Pass." The yellow sand wears gold armor in a hundred battles, and if you don't kill Loulan, you will not return it. "Give it to her to encourage her husband to defend the country.
Before the March Eighth Festival in 1959, the train stopped on the Zhengzhou special line. Lesbians discuss how to spend the holiday together. Some people suggested that the chairman was in the car, and it would be nice to take a photo with the chairman! In the evening, Yao Shuxian, the conductor of the main train, reported everyone's wishes to the chairman. Unexpectedly, the chairman immediately said, "Okay! Tomorrow I will not only take a photo with you, but also invite you to dinner and call your leaders. ”
At ten o'clock in the morning of the next day, the chairman, who had been busy for most of the night, stepped down from the car and happily greeted the comrades under the car, congratulations! Happiness hangs on everyone's faces, and the smiling faces of the girls like flowers blooming are frozen in the precious lens by photographer Hou Bo. When it was time for dinner, I only heard the chairman say, "Today is your holiday, and I am here to dip the light." One sentence amused everyone again. The chairman, who rarely drinks alcohol, raised his glass to cheer up and said, "Everyone has worked hard! Everyone kept repeating "Thank you for your concern", and the whole dining car was filled with a festive and joyful atmosphere.
In August 1963, I took the first leader to Beidaihe, and many leaders went to Beidaihe for meetings and recuperation. It was the first time I saw the sea, and I was so immersed in it that I was soaking in it until about 11 o'clock in the evening. Unexpectedly, I woke up the next day with a sore body and a fever. After seeing the doctor, it still doesn't get better. It turned out that I had acute bronchitis and couldn't sleep well. I somehow let the chairman know about this, and he offered to let me go back to Beijing and rest while **. So the leader decided that I would go back to Beijing**. I haven't closed my eyes for two or three nights, and I regret it at the thought of delaying my work because of my curiosity, playfulness, and momentary speed. But thinking of his own trivial matter, the chairman personally asked, and felt happy and moved.
Once on the way to Zhengzhou on a special train, Xiao Chang unfortunately suffered from an eye disease, and his eyes were red and swollen. The chairman saw it and asked the health doctor in the car to see Xiao Chang. When he heard that the doctor said that he needed immediate surgery, the chairman asked the secretary to send someone to send Xiao Chang to Zhengzhou Hospital in a car, and three doctors performed surgery on Xiao Chang, so that Xiao Chang was relieved of his pain and restored his health.
When the chairman's special train stops in other places, it will also take special care of the local flight attendants and give them the opportunity to go home to visit their relatives. The chairman has a task to give the people around him a holiday: one is to visit relatives, the other is to conduct investigation and research, and after returning, the chairman should listen to the completion of the task. Once, the special train stopped on a special line in Zhengzhou, and the chairman specially authorized Xiao Wang, whose family was in Zhengzhou, to go home to visit his parents who were elderly and in poor health, and gave Xiao Wang a task to let him know about the living conditions of his neighbors in his hometown. Xiao Wang came back and reported to the chairman one by one, and the chairman was very happy to hear it. On another occasion, the special train stopped at Shanhaiguan, and the chairman gave Xiao Kong, who lived in the local area, a week's vacation.
The chairman cultivated the special transport team
The Chairman referred to the train as "my team". This is what *** said when he met us on the way to Lushan in 1959. Prior to this, the chairman also said to the Minister of Railways: "Your railways are semi-militarized and have strict discipline, and I like it." "The chairman loves this team and has worked hard to nurture and water this team.
The chairman understands what we think and do, and constantly educates and helps us in terms of political ideology, moral character, historical and cultural knowledge, etc. He often said, you can't always be a flight attendant, you can't always serve by my side, so you have to learn more knowledge and skills.
The chairman's teachings to us are contained in the chat. The chairman once asked Comrade Wang Aimei, do you like plum blossoms? Then he said that in the cold winter of heavy snowfall, only the plum blossom blooms alone, and it has the pride of not being afraid of the cold and the character of fragrant from the bitter cold. This is the truth about how to behave and what kind of person to be.
When Lao Zhang worked as a train security guard in 1954, he was still a teenager. When the chairman heard that he was from Jingxiang in Xingyang, Henan, he first didn't hear clearly, and paused for a while to ask: "Xingyang is the first pass of Guan Gong to pass the five passes and kill the six generals, do you know?" He replied that he didn't know, and the chairman said, you can watch more "Romance of the Three Kingdoms", and you young people should learn more about history. He also said, do you know why the abbreviation of Henan is called Yu? Because in ancient times, Henan was the place where elephants were produced.
The Chair also asked us some questions to think about, and inspired and urged us to read more books. The chairman once asked Xiao Yang: "Can people live without eating?" Why do big rivers have water, small rivers are full, big rivers have no water, and small rivers are dry, and what is the relationship between them? The President also asked us to think about what the world would be like in 500,000 years. He is teaching us to learn to look at, analyze, and deal with problems from a historical, dialectical, and developmental perspective. The President is enlightening us young hearts with his great wisdom. Comrades who have eaten with the chairman have all said that eating with the chairman is actually a kind of spiritual enjoyment. The chairman talks about the past and the present, and covers a lot of topics, always while investigating and researching, while teaching by word and deed, people have the feeling that listening to your words is better than reading a book for ten years! The chairman is always imparting knowledge in the chat and educating us in a quiet way.
Because there is a strict confidentiality system and work discipline on the special train: it cannot be strung in each carriage at will; You can't just ask the whereabouts of the chief; During the parking period, even if you encounter the chief taking a walk, you should not rush forward to disturb it (because the chairman often thinks about problems during the walk). So in the first two years, I only saw the chairman from afar when I was watching a movie, and I didn't have a chance to shake hands and say hello to him. One morning in the spring of 1964, Zhang Yufeng said to me: "The chairman has just finished his work, you should go and meet the chairman." "Really? I couldn't help but scream. After seeing Zhang Yufeng nodding, I followed her with an accelerated heart, and my brain was quickly brewing what to say after seeing the chairman. When Zhang Yufeng knocked on the door of the chairman's room, I saw that the chairman was leaning on the head of the bed reading a book, I took two steps and asked, "Hello chairman!" But he forgot all the words he had thought about on the road. I only heard Zhang Yufeng introduce that her name is Xie Xiuying, and we all call her "Lao Xie". Seeing my nervousness, the chairman pointed to the chair next to me and motioned for me to sit down, and said humorously, "Then you are an old qualification." I said no, "Lao Jie" is everyone's joking name for me. After that, the chairman asked me how old I was and how many years I had been working ......When I heard that I had joined the work at the age of 16 and had only been Chinese for the first time, the chairman encouraged me and said: "You are still very young, so you should seize the time to study, learn some scientific and cultural knowledge, and master more skills and ...... to serve the people."”
The chairman has always been concerned about the learning of the staff around him, and he once founded a cultural school for the Zhongnanhai Guard No. 1 Squadron, personally serving as the principal and supervising everyone's learning. It was under the kind care and guidance of *** that I attended the high school course of TV University and also taught myself some literary and historical knowledge.
In June 1959, we followed *** back to his hometown after a long absence. When the chairman returned to his old residence in Ueyaba, he stood in front of his parents for a long time. He said affectionately: "At that time, the medical conditions were so poor, if they were now, they would not have died so early." After that, he went into his bedroom and said something in his hometown dialect that we didn't understand in front of a photo of the three brothers and their mother. The chairman's every move was contagious to everyone present.
The next day, we followed *** to pay tribute to his parents. Along the way, the chairman was silent, and eagerly walked to the bamboo forest opposite the old house where his parents and other relatives were buried. He walked to the grave of his parents, laid a wreath made of pine branches, bowed respectfully three times, and said: "Parents, I have come to visit you, the predecessors have worked hard, and the descendants will be happy." "The grave of his parents only has a small stone tablet, and there is no other decoration on the grave, and it is said that the local ** once offered to repair the grave for the chairman's parents, but the chairman refused.
On September 21, 1964, when the special train returned to Beijing Station, ** took a group photo with the crew of the special train.
On the third day, the fathers and villagers in his hometown heard that *** was back, and they all rushed to witness his demeanor. There are people with foreign surnames, there are old people and children with drooping hair, the chairman or beckons, or warm greetings, without a little shelf, and also bent down to accept the red scarves offered by the children. Seeing the chairman's sincere attitude towards the villagers, I was educated in the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.
It is under the sincere teaching and cordial care of the first team that our team has cultivated a high sense of political responsibility and strict organizational discipline; In the long-term practice of serving the country, we have firmly established a good professional ethics of dedication and hard work, created a safe, comfortable, quiet and clean working and living environment for the first inspection, and completed the political tasks entrusted to us by the people of the whole country with high quality.
*: China ** History Publishing House (originally published in "Hundred Years of Tide" Issue 4, 2022).
Author: Xie Xiuying (**Special train conductor, former director of the Propaganda Department of the Party Committee of the Ministry of Railways).