Photovoltaic power generation system, referred to as photovoltaics, is a power generation system that uses the photogenerated volt effect of photovoltaic cells to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. The system is composed of solar cell array, battery pack, charge and discharge controller, inverter, AC distribution cabinet, solar tracking control system and other equipment.
The energy of the photovoltaic power generation system** is a clean, safe and renewable energy source from the inexhaustible solar energy. The photovoltaic power generation process does not pollute the environment and does not damage the ecology. Its characteristics include high reliability, long service life, no pollution to the environment, independent power generation and grid-connected operation. The photovoltaic power generation system can not only be used for domestic power supply in remote areas without electricity, but also widely used in transportation, communications, petroleum, marine, meteorology, aerospace and other fields.
Photovoltaic power generation systems can be divided into two categories: space application and ground application according to the place of use, and can be divided into centralized (such as large-scale northwest ground photovoltaic power generation system) and distributed (such as photovoltaic power generation system on the roof of industrial and commercial enterprises, photovoltaic power generation system on the roof of residential buildings) according to the form of construction.
The advantages of photovoltaic power generation system mainly include:
Environmentally friendly and pollution-free:Photovoltaic power generation does not produce any noise and greenhouse gas emissions, and is a clean and renewable energy source.
Abundant resources:Solar energy resources are abundant, and with the advancement of technology, the cost of solar photovoltaic installations has been greatly reduced, and the economy is getting better and better.
Easy to maintain:PV cell modules usually have no moving parts, so maintenance costs are relatively low and only require regular cleaning and inspection.
High energy quality:The energy quality of photovoltaic power generation is high and easy for users to accept.
Short construction period:The construction period of photovoltaic power generation systems is relatively short, and the time required to obtain energy is also short.
However, there are also some disadvantages to photovoltaic power generation systems:
Greatly affected by the weather:Photovoltaic power generation is greatly affected by the time of daylight and the intensity of sunshine, and the power generation will drop significantly when the weather conditions are poor.
Average irradiation difference:In most areas of China, the sunshine period is short, the sunshine intensity is weak, and the average utilization rate of photovoltaic cells is relatively low.
Energy storage is difficult:Due to the great influence of photovoltaic power generation by the weather, the integration of photovoltaic energy and storage is difficult, which limits its large-scale commercial application.
Higher initial investment:The initial investment of photovoltaic power plants is high, and although the operation and maintenance costs are low, the electricity price is also more expensive due to the high cost of power generation.
High production process requirements: The raw materials and chemicals used in the production process of photovoltaic cells will exert certain pressure on the environment, and the construction of the industrial chain is difficult.
In general, the advantages of photovoltaic power generation systems lie in their environmental protection, renewable, and easy maintenance, while the disadvantages are mainly related to their factors such as being greatly affected by weather, difficult energy storage, and high initial investment. With the continuous progress of technology and the reduction of costs, the application prospect of photovoltaic power generation system is still very broad. The above information is for reference only, if necessary, it is recommended to consult books related to photovoltaic power generation systems or consult professionals.