Why was the invincible cavalry of the Jin Kingdom, Tiefutu, restrained by the Yue family s army?

In the backward era of cold weapons, heavy cavalry was one of the most powerful troops, and it was often able to dominate the victory of the battle. The heavy cavalry Tiefutu formed by the Jurchens played a great role in the process of expanding the territory of the Jin Dynasty.

Such a powerful team, before encountering Yue Fei's Yue family army, was invincible and invincible.

After several encounters,The Yue family army became the existence that made Tiefutu fearfulHow did they do it?

Stills of Yue Jiajun.

The reason why Tiefutu has extremely strong combat effectiveness and is invincible in the battlefieldThis is because cavalry has several important characteristics.

First, the cavalry is extremely mobile and flexible in dispatchIt can not only break down the enemy's formation at a relatively fast speed on the frontal battlefield, but also disrupt the enemy's formation with tactics such as two-fold slashing and roundabout.

If defeated, the cavalry can quickly retreat to reduce damage; If you win, you can chase it immediately and win more results.

Cavalry that comes and goes without a trace can also harass enemy logistics unitsIt is difficult to prevent cutting off the grain route and attacking the camp.

"The husband and rider can be separated and combined, can disperse and gather, a hundred miles for a period of time, thousands of miles away, and there is no leisure in and out, so the name is the clutch soldier. ”

The horses used by the cavalry were basically fat and strong, burly in size, weighing around 300,450 kilograms, and weighing up to nearly half a ton when covered with protective armor.

Figure Iron Float Diagram.

When such a fast, heavy legion galloped forward, even the strongest infantry would be rammed and trampled to defeat. Cavalry on horseback can also take advantage of the situation to exert strong combat ability, which is difficult to restrain .

Heavy cavalry iron floats are often combined with kidnappers and horses"Kidnapping horse" is the name of the cavalry on both sides of the Jin army, usually using outflanking and assault tactics, is extremely mobile, and is more agile and flexible than the Iron Float.

Like a tank, the Iron Float is spent most of its time attacking head-on, like a floating black iron wall, crushing and crushing the enemy.

The Iron Float cavalry also had to bear the weight of metal armor when fighting hard, so the knight had to have a physique beyond ordinary people. Under the combination of powerful knights, war horses, and armor, the combat effectiveness of the Jurchen cavalry was extremely terrifying.

Between 1127 and 1129, Jin Wushu led Tiefutu southward three times, marched to the Central Plains, and defeated the Song army.

Pursued by the Jin Dynasty's iron cavalry, the Song Dynasty fled south in a hurry, and there was no regular army to wrestle with the Jurchens. And the heavy task of resisting the invasion basically depended on the generals who vigorously expanded the private army.

Figure: Southern Song Dynasty general Zong Ze.

And Yue Fei devoted himself to the command of the anti-Jin general Zong Ze, relying on his military exploits, and was promoted from a small soldier to a general step by step.

However, after Zong Ze's death, there was no good enough successor, and then the morale of the army collapsed, and more than half of the soldiers left one after another.

When the army was disbanded, Yue Fei quickly led his subordinates to move to Yixing and formed an army alone. Since then, the world-famous Yue Family Army was born.

At this time, the old army of Yuejia was only more than 2,000 people, and from the first year of Shaoxing (1131).Yue Fei led his troops to gallop through Hunan and Hubei, pacified the bandits, and then incorporated them into the army.

In addition, Yue Fei also collected soldiers who were scattered and fled by the Jin army in various places, and within a few years, Yue's army grew to a scale of more than 100,000 people, becoming the head of the Southern Song Dynasty army.

Originally, the imperial court was unable to deal with these routed thieves who defied the law and discipline, so it could only be appeased and co-opted, so that there was a "shortcut to the official career without a thief, and the general's conspiracy was just a trick; If you want to get an official, you will kill people and set fire to be recruited".

The vigorous incorporation of the Yue family army really alleviated the problem of rogues, and in addition, this group of rabble gradually became under Yue Fei's training"Freeze to death without demolishing the house, starve to death without plundering".The strict army laid the foundation for resisting the invasion of the Jin State.

Stills of Yue Jiajun.

If the military discipline is strict and the order is prohibited, the combat effectiveness of the army will be guaranteed, and it will be able to fight with the powerful Jin Guo Iron Cavalry. What means did Yue Fei use to make Yue Jiajun achieve such an effect?

Yue Fei was born as a civilian, and since he was a child, he was accustomed to seeing soldiers bullying the people, burning, killing, raping and plundering, so he hated these phenomena very much. At the beginning of the founding of the army, he formulated a strict and solemn military discipline with clear rewards and punishments.

Yue Fei thinks:

"Those who use soldiers do not have it, and the five things of benevolence, faith, wisdom, courage, and strictness are indispensable. Those who have merit are rewarded heavily, those who have no merit are severely punished, and those who are strict in their orders are also. ”

And other Song Dynasty generals, especially Zhang Jun, were indulging their soldiers to bully the people, and even took pride in them. These bandit-like armies have brought more suffering to the civilians who have been plundered by the Jin Kingdom. In contrast, the Yue family army is more noble.

Figure Yue Fei. After the Yuejia army grew stronger, it became one of the main forces to resist the Jin army. In the face of the powerful opponent Tiefutu, the best way is naturally to also form a cavalry force to resist. Yue Jiajun has been looking for opportunities, but this is not an easy task.

Because the Song Dynasty regime cut off the horse trading activities with the northwest after moving south, and the quality of the horses raised by the people was uneven, it was completely impossible to have a good cavalry team.

Therefore, in the face of the impact of the Jin Army's Tiefutu, the Song Dynasty was basically beaten.

In the sixth year of Shaoxing (1136), when Yue Fei twice led his army to attack the puppet regime puppet Qi supported by the Jin State, he captured more than 15,000 of their war horses, plus the thousands of war horses he had obtained, and Yue's army successfully pulled up an elite army with more than 20,000 cavalry.

Due to the continuous expansion of the number of troops, Yue Fei divided the army into 12 armies, of which more than 20,000 cavalry were divided into three armies: the Beiwei Army, the Youyi Army and the Tabai Army.

In order to fight against the biggest enemy, Tiefutu, Yue Fei not only formed cavalry, but also carefully studied the weaknesses of Tiefutu and conducted targeted training for Yue's army.

Figure Iron Float Diagram.

Yue Fei's first thought was that since the Iron Floating Diagram Knight's armor was thick and heavy, it was difficult to hurt even the slightest, so it was better to deal with the war horse with more weaknesses and break its legs, so that most of the Iron Floating Chart's combat power could be reduced in an instant.

But how can you get into the Tiefutu camp and seriously injure the horse's leg flexibly and neatly?

In order to protect the soldiers from being trampled by the horses' hooves, they first had to be equipped with shields and hide below and wait for the opportunity to shoot, which limited the soldiers from carrying spears and other weapons, and the ordinary broadsword was too short, and the long handle of the knife was just right.

The proficient use of long-handled knives became an important part of the training content of the Southern Song Dynasty army.

According to the regulations, the knife dancer should put 1The 2-zhang long training knife danced fifty-two times in a row, and the blade head could not touch the ground to be considered qualified, while the most rigorously trained Yue Jiajun required more, in order to cultivate the most powerful Tiefutu Buster.

Figure: A long-handled knife that survived.

When the Tiefutu cavalry attacked, the Yuejia army's tactics of using long knives to cut the horse's legs were really successful.

In addition to the Mazha knife, the Song army also learned from the cold weapon culture of the Sui and Tang dynasties, and applied the improved long-handled axe to the battlefield against cavalry, which could not only slam the Tiefutu knights, but also cut the horses, which was more effective than the Maza knife.

"Yizhong fought with 10,000 soldiers with long axes, and the enemy was defeated", "Holding a long axe, beating people's chests and cutting horses' feet"., the cavalry of the Jin Army was severely damaged by this kind of **, and it was no longer invincible in the past.

With melee combat such as knives and axes**, the Yuejia army is also equipped with fine bows and crossbows, which are used to kill and injure the cavalry of the Jin army from a long distance.

Sword-wielding soldiers can also be gathered to defend crossbowmen with poor melee skills, allowing them to output at full strength and restrain cavalry.

The greatest advantage of cavalry is that it can move quickly and break down the opponent's formation, and the long-range bow and crossbow can restrain this fiercely.

An ordinary bow has a firing power of about one stone, and the range is between ninety and one hundred and twenty steps, which is not enough to shoot through the heavy armor of Tiefutu. The crossbow does not attack as often as the bow, but its lethality and range are doubled.

Figure: Restoration of the Divine Arm Bow.

A powerful crossbow known as the "Divine Arm Bow".The firing range can even reach more than 240 steps, about 370 meters, which can pose a great threat to Tiefutu.

On the battlefield, the Yue family army used ordinary bows and arrows to suppress a wide range, and used the divine arm bow to harvest strongly, and combined with the long knife and big axe that cut off the horse's legs, Tiefutu was really difficult to parry.

Jin Wushu once said:"In the past, I went south to the south, and I saw the Song Dynasty with military weapons, and the great one was just a divine arm bow, and the second one was a heavy axe, and now I will make it like this. ”

In the tenth year of Shaoxing (1140), when the Jin army went south to attackThe Yuejia army was divided into three routes and took the initiative to attack.

The First Army responded as the main force on the frontal battlefield;

The Second Army fought guerrilla attacks deep behind enemy lines and disrupted enemy logistics;

The Third Army took over the Yangtze River defense in Jiangxi and Anhui, and stabilized the rear with naval forces.

It didn't take long for the Jin army to pour out again, and Tiefutu and Yue's army launched a final decisive battle in Yuncheng and Yingchang in Henan.

Figure Yue Jiajun.

On July 8th, rows of Jin troops gradually emerged on the plain outside Yuncheng, and with the smoke and dust in the sky, the Jin cavalry took the lead in rushing towards the city tower.

In the face of the Jurchens' most proud Tiefutu and abducted horse cavalry, the Yuejia army directly sent cavalry teams such as Beiwei and Youyi, assisted by infantry, to start a head-on duel with the Jin army, killing from noon to dusk.

The method of defeating the enemy, which had been trained day and night, was used by the Yue family's army. Under the perfect cooperation of long knives, heavy axes, and crossbows, the Jurchen cavalry was killed, and one person turned on his back, and the corpses were scattered all over the field.

Tiefutu and the abducted horse troops were in chaos and fled in all directions, while the Yuejia army fought steadily and steadily, relying on the perfect cooperation of ** and tactics to harvest wave after wave, the Jin Guotie cavalry was hit hard, and even Jin Wushu was almost captured.

A few days later, the Jin army attacked Yingchang with 30,000 cavalry and 100,000 infantry. Yue Fei personally led a thousand cavalry of the Yue family army to charge, and 20,000 infantry coordinated the attack on both sides of the cavalry.

Figure Golden Vulture Technique.

Under a fierce battle, the Song and Jin armies were exhausted and miserable. At this time, the gate of Yingchang City suddenly opened, and the 10,000 white army and Xuanfeng army, which were the reserve of the Yuejia army, came surgingly, and the Jin army was instantly defeated and returned.

The Yuejia army set a precedent of taking the initiative to attack and defeat the Jin army's iron cavalry on the plain battlefield"It is easy to shake the mountain, but it is difficult to shake the army of the Yue family"., the Jurchens had to sigh like this.

Figure Yue Fei's statue.

In the two decisive battles with the Yuejia army, the main force of the Jin army had already suffered a devastating blow, and the Wushu could only collect the remnants of the army and retreat, and the Southern Song Dynasty was able to survive under the brave battle of the Yuejia army.

Yue Fei and the Yue family army broke the myth of the invincibility of Tiefutu, and the Jin army did not dare to trample on the land and people of the Song Dynasty easily. All the generals of the Jin Dynasty were also beaten to the ground by Yue Feicalled him "Grandpa Yue", and was extremely afraid.

Knives, axes, arrows, and crossbows, the Yuejia army used a variety of weapons to limit the combat effectiveness of the Tiefutu heavy cavalry to the greatest extent. However, weapons and martial arts, while extremely important, were not the key to their victory.

Yue's army is able to carry out orders and prohibitions, and work together to make every soldier a high-quality combat force with self-discipline and discipline, firm faith, and bravery.

Uniting again, twisting into a rope, and going to the fire to defend the country, such excellent soldiers and their general Yue Fei are the most important points to achieve victory.

Such a team, placed in the entire ancient history, is extremely outstanding. Only such an excellent team can compete with powerful foreign enemies, and may even continue to regain lost territory and restore the glory of the Great Song Dynasty in the past.

Yue Fei led the Yuejia army to fight on the battlefield, shocked the Jin country, saved the building, and saved the people from fire and water, he deserved to be admired by everyone and lived his life vigorously.

However, such a highly meritorious general was soon forced to a very tragic end.

His achievements in resisting the enemy were vigorously erased by Qin Hui and his henchmen, and his hard work Yue's army fell apart in the Great Purge, and the history of his existence can only be known by the memories of the veterans' remnants, how ridiculous it is.

Figure Yue Wang Temple.

Fortunately, the name of Yue's army did not fulfill the wish of Zhao and Qin Hui's monarchs and ministers, and was annihilated in the long river of history. The story of Yue Jiajun and Yue Fei has been passed down through the ages and is very famous.

And the people who brutalized the loyal and good are still kneeling in front of Yue Fei's tomb, being scolded by tens of millions of people, and they will never be able to atone for their sins.