Can cleft lip and palate be passed on to the next generation? Studies have found that the occurrence of cleft lip and palate is related to genetic factors and environmental factors, that is, parents have cleft lip and palate, and the probability of children suffering from cleft lip and palate increases. But don't worry about parents suffering from cleft lip and palate, children will definitely suffer from cleft lip and palate, which is not necessarily inherited, only a certain chance of inheritance.
Some parents asked that they and their husbands do not have cleft lip and palate, but their husband's father does, and now they are worried that their children will be inherited from generation to generation. So is cleft lip and palate inherited from one generation to the next?
Cleft lip and palate may be inherited from one generation to the next. If the child of cleft lip and palate does not have cleft lip and palate, but his grandchildren may have cleft lip and palate, this is possible. Cleft lip and palate is actually the interaction between heredity and environmental factors, so the congenital malformation, although the incidence is not 100%, but there is also a certain probability, so there may be intergenerational inheritance, if the patient has cleft lip and palate, his children may have cleft lip and palate.
We generally believe that environmental factors and genetic factors are the two factors that play a key role in the development of congenital malformations. Among them, environmental factors account for about 10%, genetic factors account for about 25%, and environmental factors interact with genetic factors and the cause is unknown about 65%. Some patients with cleft lip and palate may find similar malformations in their immediate or collateral relatives and are therefore thought to have a genetic relationship. Genetic studies suggest that cleft lip and palate is a polygenic inherited disease. It has been reported in the literature that 27% of cleft lip and palate are inherited, and there are both dominant and recessive inheritance, but they may not be passed down from generation to generation.
The main factors that affect cleft lip and palate are as follows:
1. Environmental factors and genetic factors.
Environmental factors and genetic factors are the two most critical factors leading to congenital malformations, and genetic factors affecting the formation of cleft lip and palate account for about 30%. As a recessive polygenic genetic disease, not every generation will exhibit malformations. For nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (no other tissue or organ malformations), the more people in the family have cleft lip and palate, the closer they are related by blood (consanguineous marriage, consanguineous marriage), the higher the risk of having a child born with cleft lip and palate.
2. Genetic probability.
Cleft lip and palate are more common in men than women, and the children of male patients usually have only cleft lip, and the children of female patients usually have cleft lip and palate.
If both family members are healthy, the probability of having a child with a cleft lip and palate is 1 700. When only the mother or father is a cleft lip and palate, the probability of having an offspring with cleft lip and palate is 1 in 20. When both parents have cleft lip and palate, the probability of having an offspring with cleft lip and palate is 1 in 4. When the mother is a cleft lip and palate and already has a child with cleft lip and palate, the chance of having another child with cleft lip and palate is 1 in 4. When the mother is a cleft lip and palate and has two children with cleft lip and palate, the chance of having another cleft lip and palate is 1 in 4.