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In recent years, China's declining fertility rate has become a social phenomenon that cannot be ignored. According to the latest data,In 2023, the number of births in China will be 9.02 million, which is not only higher than the Internet**, but also down 5 percentage points from the previous year.
Even more alarmingly, this figure is only 48% of the population born in 2016, and the fertility rate has fallen by more than half. Such a sharp decline has heightened concerns about the future demographics of society as a whole.
The reduction of fertility is not only the result of the choice of individual families, but also a major issue for the future development of the country.
From a macro point of view,The decline in fertility has a direct impact on the supply of the labor market, which in the long run may lead to labor shortages, which in turn affect the potential for economic growth.
At the same timeThe intensification of the ageing population will put a heavy strain on the social security system.
The total fertility rate (TFR) has fallen to 10, which is well below the 2 needed to maintain population stability1, not even less than the average of advanced economies 15. It is lower than Japan, which has a serious aging population.
All this indicatesChina is facing the eve of a demographic crisis.
In the face of such a situation, ** and experts are also actively seeking solutions. The report of the National Bureau of Statistics and the population development report of the National Research Center both point out that:The number of births in China is likely to drop by 1 million per decade over the next decade.
Such a ** can't help but worry,If effective measures are not taken, the problems of population ageing and labor shortage will become more serious.
In China, many families feel a lot of pressure when it comes to having children. These pressures are figuratively referred to as the "Four Mountains":housing prices, education, health care and pensions.
These four major issues go hand in hand and deter many planned parents.
Housing prices remain high, making it difficult for young people to afford the living space a family needs, even after years of hard work. In first-tier cities, a suitable housing for children is often a huge burden on the family's finances.
The shortage of educational resources and the sky-high price of school district housing have made parents feel the pressure to invest in their children's education.
When a child is sick, the high cost of medical care and the difficulty of seeing a doctor are also difficult problems for families.
The contradiction between the traditional concept of support and the reality of the old-age security gap makes them have to think twice when considering adding family members.
These problems are not only economic, they also have a profound impact on people's willingness to have children.
Psychologically, families are uncertain about the future and lack confidence in whether they can provide a good environment for their children to grow up.
Data and studies have shown that socioeconomic pressures are an important factor affecting fertility, and the current situation in China is a true portrayal of this theory.
In the face of the continuous decline in the fertility rate, the state has begun to take action to adjust the fertility policy and launched a series of support measures.
Since the implementation of the three-child policy in 2021, relevant departments have successively introduced a number of subsidies and preferential treatments, aiming to reduce the burden on families and increase the enthusiasm for childbirth.
For example, in terms of taxes, there are certain exemptions for families with children; In terms of the allocation of educational resources, we will increase investment, expand high-quality educational resources, and reduce family education expenditures; In terms of medical care, the reimbursement ratio of medical insurance has been increased, reducing the risk of family poverty due to illness.
In addition to the above measures,**Policies have also been introduced, including the provision of maternity leave, parental leave, and the expansion of public childcare servicesThe implementation of these policies has reduced the pressure on parents to raise children and has attempted to create a child-friendly social environment.
Specific to the implementation level,Some places** have also tried to launch real estate discounts to provide preferential policies for families to buy housesTrying to motivate childbearing by solving the housing problem.
The introduction of these policies,Although it cannot completely solve the problem of the "four mountains", it provides substantial help for families who intend to have children, at least to a certain extent.
In the long run, it will take time to see whether these measures will actually have the effect of increasing fertility. This is because solving the problem of declining fertility requires not only policy support, but also changes in the social environment and cultural atmosphere.
Only when these support measures can be perceived by the majority of families and indeed reduce their financial and psychological burden, can the potential for fertility be truly stimulated.
This is a process that requires the joint efforts of all aspects of the market, the market and society, and every link cannot be ignored.
Liang Jianzhang, a population expert, recently put forward new proposals on fertility policy, which have caused widespread discussion on the Internet and won the support of many netizens.
Liang Jianzhang's suggestions are mainly focused on:It will further reduce the financial burden on families, optimize the child-rearing environment, and increase the willingness to have children.
He proposed,More financial incentives should be provided, such as increased direct maternity subsidies, longer maternity and paternity leave, and tax breaks for families with children.
He also stressed the need to improve childcare services and the allocation of educational resources to reduce the worries of families.
Liang Jianzhang's suggestions have won the support of many netizens because they hit the pain points faced by the current family.
Economic pressure is an important factor affecting young people's willingness to have children, and direct financial subsidies and tax incentives can reduce the financial burden of families to a certain extent.
In addition, the lack of childcare resources and the uneven distribution have long been a problem for Chinese families.
Liang Jianzhang's proposal to optimize childcare services and educational resources can alleviate this problem and thus increase the attractiveness of childbearing.
The positive response of netizens is not only reflected in their support for Liang Jianzhang's proposals, but also in their recognition of the importance of these suggestions to improve the structure of the Chinese population and promote the long-term development of society.
With the acceleration of population aging and the decline of fertility rate, how to reverse this trend through policy stimulus has become the focus of social attention.
Netizens generally expect that Liang Jianzhang's suggestions can be adopted and implemented at every level of the family through specific and practical measures.