How to evaluate the battle of Guanjiayuan in the Battle of the Hundred Regiments? **insisted on fighting,** but Chen Geng strongly objected.
The first thought that comes to mind when mentioning the Battle of Guanjiayuan is the tragic sacrifice, the Battle of Guanjiayuan is a battle in the process of the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, and it is a positional battle to resist the sweep of the Japanese army. In 1940, a small detachment of the Japanese army entered the Huangyadong Arsenal to sweep, after the commander learned the news, he immediately ordered the 20,000 Eighth Route Army to attack the 500 Japanese troops who entered Guanjiayuan, after two days of fierce fighting, our army won a tragic victory, with statistics of more than 2,000 people in our army, nearly 400 Japanese troops.
In the era of hot weapon warfare such as World War II, the victory or defeat of the war mainly depends on the number of people, if the number of one side in the battle of the other side is more than three times, then the victory can be achieved, and the position can be obtained and held.
But in the battle of Guanjiayuan, our army formed an encirclement with an absolute numerical superiority, why was it so heavy? Doomed to lose the war, why does the *** commander still insist on fighting? ** Heavy Why didn't you order a retreat?
Let's analyze what the battle of Guanjiayuan fought for, and what is the significance of this battle?
In October 1940, the Japanese army organized a small elite detachment to carry out a frantic sweep of our troops, among which a Okazaki detachment entered the hinterland of our 129th Division with a reckless attitude. After our army learned of this news, the commander of ** decided to annihilate this squad with the whole army, and eliminated the arrogance of the Japanese army who wanted to come and go freely in the hinterland of our army with only one squad, and ordered the main force of the 129th Division to attack the squad and personally command the battlefield.
However, the Japanese army's sweeping detachments are also carefully selected elite soldiers, and they are very sophisticated in terms of configuration, soldiers' combat experience and communication equipment. After our army attacked, the Japanese detachment immediately reacted, entered Guanjiayuan to seize the highest point and build fortifications, firmly holding the position and waiting for rescue.
The Japanese army understood that if the retreat was in a hurry, it would only be annihilated by the whole army, and only by waiting for rescue could the strength be preserved, and the Japanese army occupied the Guanjiayuan at the same time as the willow wall, so that the two sides formed a trend of echoing cooperation.
The Eighth Route Army carried out a two-day offensive, which was heavy and the offensive was blocked during the battle and could not make progress, and the commander Chen Geng did not hesitate to tear his face with the commander of ***, asked for a retreat, and suggested that another opportunity to attack should be found. However, the attitude of the commander was very resolute, and he even said that "if you can't take Guan Jiayuan, you will revoke the number of the 129th Division, and kill the head no matter how big or small".
At that time, there were also *** who were also in favor of retreating, believing that this kind of large-scale sacrifice to achieve victory was of little significance. The veterans who participated in this war at that time still "wept incessantly, burst into tears, and could not speak for a long time" when recalling this war, but only said vigorously that "it was too tragic", and finally the Japanese reinforcements arrived at Guanjiayuan, and our army failed to eliminate the Okazaki detachment.
This war is also one of the four defeats in ***'s life, after this battle, *** said "After this battle, I don't know how many Chinese mothers are looking for my son", and the battle of Guanjiayuan made him unable to let go of his life.
When the villagers returned to the village of Guanjiayuan after the war, they saw the remains of the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army everywhere, and the marks left by bullet shells, cannon barrels, and mortar racks were all over the ground. In order to commemorate this tragic war, a mausoleum was built on the top of the hill behind the village, and the stele was engraved with "The Blood of Martyrs, the Flower of Revolution", where the soldiers of the Eighth Route Army who died in this battle were buried.
The tragic sacrifices in this battle are obvious to all, so why does the *** commander still insist on carrying the battle on?
First of all, the attack taken at Guanjiayuan at that time was also a last resort, because the Japanese army was unscrupulous at that time, and if this form of sweeping of the Japanese army was not contained, then the Japanese army would only become more and more arrogant, and more such teams would be formed to harass our army, and the sweeping trend would become more rampant. From the perspective of this battle alone, if our army cannot eliminate the Japanese army after it is surrounded, then it will be more difficult for our army to find an opportunity to destroy the Japanese army after the Japanese army retreats in the later period.
Of course, this war also exposed the Eighth Route Army's lack of experience in the battle of positions, a few days after the end of the war, the first commander led his subordinates back to the Japanese position in Guanjiayuan to investigate, summing up the reasons why the Japanese army was able to hold the position, our army also learned, increased the actual combat experience for the battle, and exercised the team, and increased the combat experience for the recruits, so the strategic significance of this war is far greater than the combat significance.
Although the ratio of this war is probably close to ten to one, but to evaluate the significance of a war, whether it can be evaluated purely from the ratio of **, in my opinion, is not necessarily the case. Previously, the Eighth Route Army used guerrilla tactics in its operations, and this battle was the first time that the Eighth Route Army participated in the battle, which was the first time that it collided head-on with the Japanese army, and the Eighth Route Army learned the advanced combat experience of the Japanese army and laid a solid foundation for the subsequent battle.
The essential reason for the disagreement between *** and Chen Geng is that they consider the problem at different levels, Chen Geng cares more about the victory or defeat of the battle itself, while Commander *** stands at a higher level and thinks from the overall situation of the War of Resistance and the strategic sense.
After the July 7 Incident, Japan carried out a full-scale war of aggression against China, and after the defeat of the Kuomintang on the frontal battlefield, the CCP began to carry out a counterattack behind enemy lines, that is, the Battle of the Hundred Regiments. When the Eighth Route Army counterattacked, it ignited the anti-Japanese enthusiasm of the Chinese people, and finally developed and grew, and at the same time exposed the true strength of our army, so the fiasco of Guan Jiayuan was also a certain ideological preparation of the high-level commanders in advance.
In fact, the significance of the 2,000 martyrs who died in Guanjiayuan was not only to win the war at Guanjiayuan, but also to make the Japanese army realize the determination of the Chinese people to resist the war, and realize the terrifying will of the Chinese people to resist the war.
Looking back on the experience of the Battle of the Hundred Regiments, this war was inevitable in accident, the Japanese army has fully studied the guerrilla warfare of our army, after the Battle of the Hundred Regiments of our army, the guerrilla warfare no longer has obvious advantages under the historical conditions at that time, and the Japanese army also has the idea that through heavy machine guns, it can strafe most of China's range without strong resistance. In order to dispel the arrogance of the Japanese army, this kind of frontal war is inevitable. In the end, under the command of Commander Peng, our army won the victory with great sacrifices, and the leader of this detachment was killed.
This war cannot be said to be the best policy in terms of tactics, but it has a far-reaching impact on the situation of the entire War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and the Japanese army fully understands the spirit of our army that is not afraid of death and does not admit defeat, as well as the resolute fighting spirit to defend its motherland to the death.